Report in CDI

Presumptive test- first step of testing for further analysis. Typically, initially performed by in site law
enforcement to indicate the suspected substance is present or not present.

MAYER’S REAGENT- General presumptive test solution for cocaine, morphine, heroin, and other
alkaloids in short mga narcotic alkaloids. a mixture of mercuric chloride (1.36 g) and of potassium iodide
(5.00 g) in water (100.0 ml) na nagdedetect ng alkaloids. So kapag naglagay tayo sa isang substance ng
mayers reagent nagkakaroon siya ng chemical reaction at nag iindicate siya ng creamy white na result.

MARQUIS’ REAGENT- It is used as a simple spot-test to identify illicit drugs belonging to the alkaloid
family like ecstasy, opiates, mescaline, meth and pwede din siyang pag identify ng amphetamines. is
composed of a mixture of formaldehyde and concentrated sulfuric acid. So kapag tinest natin ito sa mga
drugs na nasa list jan sa presentation yan yung mga color ng mga results nila.

COBALT THIOCYANATE REAGENT OR SCOTT’S TEST- ginagamit sa mga drugs na nacapture ng mga law
enforcer sa streets like cocaine and crack. Has three common variations of test. The first is a cobalt
thiocyanate solution containing glycerine, the second is a hydrochloric acid solution, and the third is
chloroform, an organic solvent that does not mix with water. If cocaine is present, addition of the first
reagent will cause the blue precipitate to form and the addition of the second will cause the blue to turn
to a clear pink colour. Adding the final reagent, chloroform, will cause two layers to form in the test
tube, pink to blue.

DILLE-KOPPANYI REAGENT- presumptive test to identify barbiturates. The test consists of two separate
reagents added in two stages. It starts with the addition of a solution of cobalt acetate (dissolved in
methanol) to the unknown sample (powdered), followed by a methanolic solution of isopropylamine.
Resulting to light purple color

MANDELIN REAGENT- nagdedetect ng alkaloids sa mga substance, The Mandelin reagent is a 1%

solution of ammonium vanadate (NH4VO3) and concentrated sulphuric acid. Different substances give
different colours.

EHRLICH’S REAGENT- Ehrlich test is a simple spot test to identify possible psychoactive compounds from
(LSD). The reagent is prepared by dissolving 0.5 to 2.0 g of p–dimethylaminobenzaldehyde (DMAB) in 50
mL of 95% ethanol and 50 mL of concentrated hydrochloric acid. Resulting of pink to purple color.

DUQUENOIS-LEVINE REAGENT- test for the presence of cannabis. The Duquenois-Levine reagent has a
solution containing 2% vanillin and 1% ethanal. Concentrated hydrochloric acid is added and then
chloroform. A purple colour in the chloroform layer indicates a positive result.

KN (FAST BLUE SALTS) REAGENT- test to identify tetrahydrocannabinol or THC in Brazil. THC is the main
psychoactive compound in cannabis that produces the high sensation. It can be consumed by smoking
cannabis. Despite their similar chemical structures, CBD and THC don’t have the same psychoactive
effects. CBD is psychoactive, just not in the same manner as THC. It doesn’t produce the high associated
with THC. CBD is shown to help with anxiety, depression, and seizures. Resulting to tomato red color

DUQUENOIS-LEVINE REAGENT – identifying presence of cannabis (STRUCTURE OF LEAF)

KN (FAST BLUE SALTS) REAGENT- identifying psychoactive components (THC)

VALIUM REAGENT OR ZIMMERMAN TEST- test for benzodiazepines. It is a two component reagent,
compositon of dinitrobenzene (1% w/v) in methanol and potassium hydroxide in water. One drop of
each component is added to the sample being tested and the resulting colour change is observed to give
an indication of the identity of the compound. Resulting into red purple color.

SIMON’S REAGENT- test to identify MDMA and methamphetamine also used to differentiate
ampethamine and methamphetamine. mixture of sodium nitroprusside, sodium carbonate and
acetaldehyde. Resulting into blue color

MECKE’S REAGENT- test for the presence of opiates (heroin, morphine, codeine) and other substances.
The reagent which is prepared by the addition of 100 mL of concentrated sulfuric acid to 1 g of selenious
acid, resulting into green color.
Classification of Drugs.

(1) Central Nervous System (CNS) Depressants. CNS depressants slow down the operations of the brain
and the body.
- A type of drug that slows down brain activity, which causes the muscles to relax and calms and
soothes a person. CNS depressants are used to treat insomnia (trouble sleeping), anxiety, panic attacks,
and seizures. They may also be used to relieve anxiety and tension before surgery.

(2) CNS Stimulants.

- A type of drug that increases the levels of certain chemicals in the brain and increases alertness,
attention, energy, and physical activity. CNS stimulants also raise blood pressure and increase heart rate
and breathing rate.

(3) Hallucinogens.
- Hallucinogens are a diverse group of drugs that alter perception, thoughts, and feelings. They cause
hallucinations, or sensations and images that seem real, but they are not. Hallucinogens are split into
two categories: classic hallucinogens and dissociative drugs

(4) Dissociative Anesthetics.

- distort users' perceptions of sight and sound and create feelings of detachment—or dissociation—from
their environment and self.

(5) Narcotic Analgesics.

- Narcotic analgesics are a class of medicines that are used to provide relief from moderate-to-severe
acute or chronic pain. They may also be called opiates, opioid analgesics, or narcotics. Analgesic is
another name for a medicine that relieves pain.

(6) Inhalants.
- Inhalants are volatile substances that produce chemical vapors that can be inhaled to induce a
psychoactive, or mind-altering, effect.

(7) Cannabis.
- Cannabis, also known as marijuana among other names, is a psychoactive drug from the Cannabis
plant. Native to Central and South Asia, the cannabis plant has been used as a drug for both recreational
and entheogenic purposes and in various traditional medicines for centuries.

Valium- treat a range of conditions, including anxiety, seizures, alcohol withdrawal syndrome,
benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome, muscle spasms, insomnia, and restless legs syndrome.

Rohypnol- Date-rape drugs are substances that make it easier for someone to rape or sexually assault
another person.