Rationale: 1.

Add local sources

2. Create a flow of arguments in your discussion.
*You may use Whales Rhetorical Move or the IRCR Method (see "be tutorials" in YT)
The study delves into the persistent problem of solid waste management,

specifically focusing on developing countries like the Philippines. Despite the existence

of policies such as Republic Act 9003, there has been a lack of compliance and

community participation in waste management, resulting in adverse environmental and

public health effects. The research centers on Lopez National Comprehensive High

School (LNCHS) and its waste disposal and segregation practices, recognizing the crucial

role schools play in waste generation. The introduction of technological solutions like the

BinBot emphasizes the need for improved waste management practices. The study

underscores the complexity of creating an effective waste segregation framework,

justifying further research.

This research is significant due to the broader implications of solid waste

management problems in the community, leading to pollution, environmental

degradation, and climate change impacts. With a growing population and increasing

waste generation, urgent action is required. The study proposes innovative solutions,

including the 5Rs approach (Refuse, Reduce, Reuse, Repurpose, and Recycle) and

Electronic-bin (E-bin) technology, aiming to improve waste management, reduce

greenhouse gas emissions, and alleviate poverty. Integration of Internet of Things (IoT)

technology further demonstrates the study's forward-looking approach. Through the

development of an E-bin, a smart automated waste sorting machine, the research

empowers communities to segregate waste effectively, preserving the environment for

future generations.
 This study addresses a critical societal issue, offering a comprehensive and

technologically advanced solution to enhance waste management practices, mitigate

environmental degradation, and promote sustainable living. Its potential impact is

substantial, inspiring similar initiatives and guiding future researchers in tackling the

global challenge of solid waste management. Moreover, this research contributes not only

to environmental preservation but also to the well-being and prosperity of communities.

Research Questions: 3. Focus only on measurable SOPs.

4. Avoid SOPs that are answerable by Yes or No.

How can robotics and machine learning be integrated to create a smart trash bin

segregator that recognizes and sorts various types of recyclable and non-recyclable

materials?
*measurable? How?
What are the key challenges associated with automating waste segregation, and how can

they be effectively addressed in the design of the system?

*rephrase- Transform this into comparative SOP

How does the accuracy and speed of automatic waste segregation compare to manual

sorting by humans, and what are the cost implications?

Can the use of image recognition technology that enhance the precision of waste

classification in the segregator robotics system? *Answerable by Yes or No

*measurable? How?
What is the environmental impact of improved waste segregation through automation in

terms of reducing contamination in recycling plants?

*transform this in testing the different functions of the robot, i.e., max. capacity, operational time, efficiency, power output, etc.
How can the robotics system be optimized to handle a diverse range of waste materials,

including varying shapes and sizes?

What safety measures and fail-safes should be implemented to ensure the safe operation

of the trash bin segregator robotics in public spaces?

*measurable? How?
What are the potential economic benefits of implementing automatic waste segregation

systems in municipalities or recycling facilities?

*measurable? How?

How can user-friendly interfaces and feedback mechanisms be designed to encourage

individuals to use segregated trash bins effectively?

*measurable? How?
What are the legal and ethical considerations related to the deployment of automatic

waste segregation robotics, and how can they be addressed to ensure compliance and

public acceptance?

Problems to Address:

Developing a robotics system capable of accurately identifying and segregating a

wide variety of waste materials poses a significant challenge. This endeavor requires

ensuring the reliability and precision of image recognition technology, particularly in

real-world scenarios where waste classification occurs. Additionally, assessing the cost-

effectiveness and return on investment of implementing automatic waste segregation

systems is crucial for practical deployment.

Apart from technical aspects, addressing legal and ethical concerns is paramount.

Issues related to data privacy, liability, and public perception associated with automated

waste segregation must be carefully examined and navigated. Moreover, designing

intuitive and user-friendly interfaces is essential to promote the proper use of trash bins

and maximize their impact on waste segregation efforts.

 Technical hurdles also need to be overcome, including adapting the robotics

system to handle diverse waste shapes, sizes, and conditions effectively. Safety protocols

and mechanisms must be developed to prevent accidents or harm to humans in the

vicinity of the trash bin segregator robotics.

Furthermore, evaluating the economic feasibility and potential revenue generation

from implementing this technology in waste management processes is crucial for

sustainable adoption. Educating and engaging the public in the proper use of segregated

trash bins and the benefits of recycling is a vital component of successful

implementation.

Lastly, identifying and proactively addressing potential legal and ethical

challenges, such as regulations, liability, and public perception, is essential to ensure the

smooth and ethical deployment of automated waste segregation robotics in real-world

applications.

Goals/Expected Outcomes/Hypotheses:

Goal:

The primary goal of this research is to assess the impact of implementing sensing

trash bins on waste segregation practices.

5. You may discuss the result of
some of the discarded problems here.
Expected Outcomes:

It is anticipated that the introduction of sensing trash bins will lead to a notable

improvement in the speed of waste segregation at LNCHS. This expected outcome is

based on the assumption that the automation and sensing capabilities of these bins will

streamline the process.

Another expected outcome is an enhancement in the accuracy of waste

segregation. By using technology to identify and sort different types of waste, we

anticipate a reduction in sorting errors compared to manual methods.

Furthermore, it's expected that the implementation of sensing trash bins will result

in increased efficiency in waste segregation processes. The automation of sorting tasks

should lead to a more efficient workflow in waste management.

Hypotheses: 6. Provide hypothesis/ses to SOPs that are concluding questions or in relationship-based statement.

Null Hypothesis (H0):

The sensing trash bin has no significant effect on the speed, accuracy, and efficiency of

waste segregation.

Alternative Hypothesis (H1):

The sensing trash bin has a significant effect on the speed, accuracy, and efficiency of

waste segregation.

*avoid hanging sentences/lines

PROCEDURES:

This section shall highlight the methods intended to be employed in this study.
 This project draws from both local hardware stores and online resources to gather

a diverse array of components. Among these are two trash bins, a solar panel, a solar

charge controller, an Arduino MEGA, 2 ESP32 Wi-Fi modules, 18650 Li-Ion batteries, a

servo motor (SG90 MG90S), an LED light, a relay module, ESP32 cam, and a variety of

sensors including capacitive, IR proximity, ultrasonic, color, laser diode, light-dependent

resistor, and photoresistor. Furthermore, tools such as wire strippers and laptops as well

as square metal tubing, and plywood for the main frame, will be gathered and utilized in

the construction of the trash bin.

Sophisticated planning involves the integration of specific sensors into designated

components, enhancing the trash bins firmware. Servo motors and ultrasound sensors will

be complexity woven into the opening and closing mechanism. The firmware will feature

a raised layer to house the ultrasound sensor and photoresistor, while LED lights will be

strategically positioned in front of the LDR. The solar panel, a pivotal component, will be

securely mounted on the Binbot's roof. Moreover, the inclusion of two removable

containers, accessible from the side of the house within the lower part of the box, will

enhance the bin's functionality. These sensors will be meticulously connected to the

central board, ensuring seamless and efficient operation.

 Fundamental aspect of the project lies in the development of the robot system's

programming language. Drawing from the expertise of Robotics professionals, the project

aims to master the intricacies of the Arduino IDE Software. Proficiency in two

programming languages, C++ and JavaScript, is pursued to strengthen the project's

efficiency. This phase encompasses a comprehensive understanding of the Basic Arduino

Program Structure, delving into critical concepts such as Data Types, Variable Scopes,

and essential technical terminology essential for seamless code creation.

Utilizing the Arduino Software IDE and JavaScript writer, meticulously crafted

codes tailored for specific purposes will be uploaded and executed. One set of codes is

designed to facilitate the smooth opening and closing of garbage cans, primarily catering

to gateway systems. Simultaneously, an additional code will be effortlessly integrated,

focusing on waste illumination as determined by an LDR and a light relay module, in

addition to monitoring servo motor positions.

 The heart of the project lies in establishing the central unit of the robot. This

central unit, housing all sensors and lights, will be equipped with the Arduino UNO

board, serving as the Microcontroller. Additionally, the ESP32 Board will be utilized,

with meticulous efforts dedicated to securing and organizing wires connecting it to the

board. Ensuring these connections remain free from disturbances is paramount to the

system's flawless functioning. The rear of the firmware will feature a basic set of

hardware components, including the solar charging controller, Arduino Uno with wire

connections, a battery, and a relay module, all working in harmony to power the

innovative system.

To validate the efficiency and effectiveness of the automatic-sensing garbage

cans, the project involves rigorous testing using samples of different types of plastic and

paper. Researchers will meticulously conduct these tests, recording their observations

using a non-linear descriptive method. This approach will comprehensively capture the

system's performance across a range of materials, providing invaluable insights to refine

and optimize the innovative waste management solution.

Risks and Safety: *Refer to ISEF 2023

Engaging in robotics projects involves certain risks that necessitate careful

consideration and safety precautions. One primary concern is the potential for physical

injury due to moving parts or sharp objects, highlighting the importance of cautious

handling. Additionally, there are electrical hazards associated with wiring and power

sources, emphasizing the need for proper management to prevent accidents. For projects

reliant on software, the risk of data loss or corruption exists, underscoring the importance

of safeguarding digital information.

 To mitigate these risks, several safety measures should be implemented. Firstly,

it's crucial to use appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves, safety

glasses, and lab coats to minimize the risk of injury. Proper training in the safe operation

of equipment is essential for the team members. Conducting a thorough risk assessment is

vital to identify potential hazards and develop effective mitigation plans. Adhering to

electrical safety practices, including using surge protectors or circuit breakers, can

prevent electrical accidents. Familiarity with emergency procedures is essential, ensuring

prompt and effective responses to accidents or unforeseen incidents. Moreover, securing

data through regular backups is imperative to prevent loss or corruption. By

implementing these safety measures, individuals engaging in robotics projects can

significantly reduce the associated risks and create a safer working environment.