RESPIRATORY DISEASES BY DR.

ROMERO

Normal Chest Radiograph P- penetration

R- rotation
1. Postero-antero view
I - inspiration
2. Antero-postero view M- magnification
A – angulation
3. Lateral view

RESPIRATORY DISEASES:
1. PNEUMONIA- is an infection that inflames your lungs' air sacs (alveoli). The
air sacs may fill up with fluid or pus, causing symptoms such as a cough,
fever, chills and trouble breathing.
- Whitening
The signs and symptoms of pneumonia may include:
- Cough, which may produce greenish, yellow or even bloody mucus
- Fever, sweating and shaking chills
- Shortness of breath
- Rapid, shallow breathing
- Sharp or stabbing chest pain that gets worse when you breathe deeply
or cough
- Loss of appetite, low energy, and fatigue
- Nausea and vomiting, especially in small children
- Confusion, especially in older people

2. PLEURAL EFFUSION- is a buildup of fluid between the layers of tissue that

line the lungs and chest cavity.
- Tubig sa labas ng baga
 3. PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS- is a serious infection caused by the bacterium
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) that involves the lungs but may spread
to other organs.
SYMPTOMS:
 Chest pain
 Wheezing or difficulty breathing
 Cough (usually with mucus, sometimes with blood)
 Fever, sometimes with night sweats
 Fatigue
 Unintentional weight loss

4. PNEUMOTHORAX- occurs when air leaks into the space between your lung
and chest wall.
- Symptoms usually include sudden chest pain and shortness of breath.
On some occasions, a collapsed lung can be a life-threatening event.

5. ATELECTASIS- is a complete or partial collapse of the entire lung or area

(lobe) of the lung.

6. SUBCUTANEOUS EMPHYSEMA- is a condition in which air becomes trapped

under the subcutaneous layer of the skin. The main symptoms are edema
and crepitus.

7. ACUTE RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME(ARDS)- occurs when fluid builds

up in the tiny, elastic air sacs (alveoli) in your lungs.
SYMPTOMS:
 Severe shortness of breath
 Labored and unusually rapid breathing
 Low blood pressure
 Confusion and extreme tiredness
 8. PULMONARY EMBOLISM- is a blood clot that blocks and stops blood flow to
an artery in the lung.

9. ASTHMA- a condition in which your airways narrow and swell and may
produce extra mucus.
Asthma signs and symptoms include:

 Shortness of breath
 Chest tightness or pain
 Wheezing when exhaling, which is a common sign of asthma in children
 Trouble sleeping caused by shortness of breath, coughing or wheezing
 Coughing or wheezing attacks that are worsened by a respiratory virus,
such as a cold or the flu

10. COPD- a chronic inflammatory lung disease that causes obstructed airflow
from the lungs.
-Symptoms include breathing difficulty, cough, mucus (sputum) production and
wheezing.

11.PULMONARY EDEMA- a condition caused by too much fluid in the lungs.

This fluid collects in the many air sacs in the lungs, making it difficult to
breathe.

12. PULMONARY HEMORRHAGE- rare condition which develops when a

collapsed lung is allowed to expand suddenly.
 REFLECTION PAPER

The simple act of breathing is often taken for granted. As an automated

function sustaining life, most of us do not have to think about the act of

breathing. However, for many others, respiratory diseases make this simple

act thought consuming. I enjoyed listening to Dr. Romero since the topic is

about “Respiratory Disease” and this is our topic in Medical Surgucal course.

Dr. Romero explained it briefly and concise, he taught us how to identify a

disease in an x-ray. As a nursing student, it is important to study about the

Respiratory System and its diseases because this will give us enough

knowledge to the patient who are experiencing this kind of disease. As Dr.

Romero taught us the introduction of different respiratory disease, this will

help me to easily understand our future topics or lessons about it.