Nervous system part 2 sample test

1.consists of the brain and spinal cord.

2.consists of all the nerves and ganglia outside the brain and spinal cord.

3.center of spinal cord

looks like letter H or a butterfly

4.-Outer layer of spinal cord -contains myelinated fibers

White matter

5.white matter of the CNS three columns what is it?

6.contain and descending tracts.

7.axons that conduct action potentials toward the brain

8.axons that conduct action potentials away from the brain

Gray matter

9.contain axons which synapse with interneurons

10.contain somatic neurons

11.contain autonomic neurons

12.fluid filled space in center of cord

--------

13.is an involuntary reaction in response to a stimulus applied to the periphery and transmitted to the
CNS.

14.is the neuronal pathway by which a reflex occurs and has five basic components.

15.The simplest reflex is the???

16.occurs when muscles contract in response to a stretching force applied to them.

17.or patellar reflex is a classic example of a stretch reflex.

18. or flexor reflex, is to remove a limb or another body part from a painful stimulus.

_______

19.Arise along spinal cord from union of _____ and ______.

_________

20.is the area of skin supplied with sensory innervation by a pair of spinal nerves.
______brain____

21.The four major regions of the brain are?

22.Location: continuous with spinal cord

And function

23. Location above medulla, bridge between cerebrum and cerebellum?

And its function?

24. Location above pons?

and its function?

25. location scattered throughout brainstem?

And function?

26.attached to the brainstem by the cerebellar peduncles?

-means "little brain"

-cortex is composed of ____, _____, _____?

-What are its function?

_____________

27.Located between the brainstem and cerebrum

-components _____, ______, ______?

28.largest portion of diencephalon?

And its function?

29.above thalamus

-Function?

-it contains? ________?

30.below thalamus?

-Function?

_________

31.surface of cerebrum, composed of gray matter

-function

32.divides cerebrum into left and right hemispheres

33.folds on cerebral cortex that increase surface area

34.shallow indentations

35.deep indentations
36.controls right side of body and responsible for ?

37.controls left side of body and responsible for?

38.connection between the two hemispheres

Lobes of the Brain_____

39.location anterior?

Function?

40.Location: top?

Function?

41.Location: posterior

Function:

42.Location: lateral

• Function:

_______

43.CNS constantly receives?

-We are unaware of most of these

44.sensory tracts carrying impulses up the spinal cord to specific areas of the brain.
Censory areas in cerebral cortex

45.where ascending tracts project where sensations are perceived

46.general sensory area in parietal lobe

sensory input such as _____,_____,___?

_______

47. Motor neurons innervate skeletal muscles.?

And responsible for?

48.It have cell bodies in the cerebral cortex and project down the spinal cord to synapse with lower
motor neurons?

49.______have cell bodies in the anterior horn of the spinal cord gray matter or in cranial nerve nuclei.

Motor Areas of Cerebral Cortex

50.location frontal lobe?

Responsible for?

51.frontal lobe?

where motor functions are?

52.motivation and foresight to plan and initiate movement

____________

53.are motor tracts carrying impulses down the spinal cord, either terminating there or in the
brainstem.

54.The corticospinal tracts are considered?

Bcuz?

55. Some tracts are considered?

Bcuz?

56.tracs in the _______ are most important in controlling goal-directed limb movements,

57.Tracts in the ________, such as the reticulospinal tract, are most important for maintaining posture,
balance,

_________

58.group of functionally related nuclei

And it Plan, organize, coordinate motor movements

59. Location deep in cerebrum

60.location in midbrain
______Speech

61.parietal lobe

where words are heard and comprehended?

62.frontal lobe

where words are formulated?

--------_____

63.Used to diagnose and determine treatment for brain disorders?

64. Electrodes are placed on scalp to record brain's electrical activity.

______ Brain waves _____

65.person is awake in quiet state?

66.intense mental activity?

67.deep sleep?

68.in children?

_____memory____
69.the brain briefly stores information required for an immediate performance of a task. It lasts only a
few seconds to minutes?

70.lasts longer than ******* memory and can be retained for a few minutes to a few days.?

71.Short-term memory is transferred to as______?

where it may be stored for only a few minutes or become permanent, by ________

72. _______or explicit memory, involves the retention of facts, such as names, dates, and places, as well
as related emotional undertones.

73._____ reflexive memory, involves the development of motor skills, such as riding a bicycle.

------______-_-_-_-_-

74. The olfactory cortex and certain deep cortical regions and nuclei of the cerebrum and the
diencephalon are grouped together under the title

---_-_-_-_--_-_-_-_-

75. three connective tissue layers that surround the brain and spinal cord.
76.The outermost (most superficial) m*****eal layer is the ______ which is the toughest of all the
me****.

77. The second meningeal membrane is the very thin, wispy what is it?

78.The space between the dura mater and the arachnoid mater is the????

79.The third meningeal membrane, the _______ is very tightly bound to the surface of the brain and
spinal cord.

80. Between the arachnoid mater and the pia mater is the _______ which is filled of ________?

--_-_--_-_-_--_-_-_-_-

81.The CNS contains fluid-filled cavities, called

82. Each cerebral hemisphere contains a relatively large cavity called the ?

83. is a smaller, midline cavity located in the center of the diencephalon between the two halves of the
thalamus and connected by foramina (holes) to the lateral ventricles?

84. located at the base of the cerebellum and connected to the third ventricle by a narrow canal, called
the cerebral aqueduct.
Cerebrospinal fluid

85. Masses of arachnoid tissue, called________ penetrate the superior sagittal sinus, a dural venous
sinus in the longitudinal fissure, and CSF passes from the subarachnoid space into the blood through
these granulations.

Crainial Nerve

86.Cranial Nerve I (________) is a pure sensory nerve for smell

87.Cranial Nerve II (_______) is a pure sensory nerve for vision

88.Cranial Nerve III (_______) is a pure motor nerve for eye movement

89.Cranial Nerve IV (_______) is a pure motor nerve for eye movement

90. Cranial Nerve XI (________) is a pure motor nerve for the trapezius, sternocleidomastoid, and
muscles of the larynx.

91. Cranial Nerve XII (________) is a pure motor nerve for the tongue

____-_+_-_-_+_---__-

92. It innervate smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands. It is also largely controlled unconsciously?

93. This nervous system is composed of the __________ division and the __________ division.
94. two neurons in series extend from the CNS to the effector organs.

The first neuron is called the _________ neuron;

second neuron is the ___________ neuron.

95.cell bodies of _________ ________ neurons are in the lateral horns of the spinal cord gray matter
between the first thoracic (T1) and the second lumbar (L2) segments.

Parasympathetic Division:

96. Axons of the ____________ extend through spinal nerves or cranial nerves to terminal ganglia either
located near effector organs in the head or embedded in the walls of effector organs in the thorax,
abdomen, and pelvis.