. .

fii,m,.,,Milil~\U,I" 4 fti L'lft1 l ,,., 45 u,;1

1MUlflN'J-6ffiltlftll111ftfilfJffflUl.nt::, ftrlll'Jnlu1111u "I:: 'Wiimm11ffll'll Mlt::U uu m'Wii

nna::, flfJ1t'lfldU1Jflu#th

5. \uft1;im:il,1nu1 ct1m11.11,1n nano dots nri'l'l~flLUUft1~11n'l1n dielectric sphere

il1VlM\u order 11tH nanometer ~ilfi1 dielectric constant E1 el-3t1tJ'luct1, dielectric
!n,i'l~il,h dielectric constant '!lfl-3 free space Eo LLftM-3luzt}l1-3t'1-3

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o.__
o· >
l 'o 1: 1

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

z,Jil 1 LLftM-30-3ft11 dielectric medium Eo ~il Nano-dot cl-1i'l.i11.1'Lft1-3ftfl-3\uz,J Nano

dot f1t1 dielectric sphere ~il11u1r;i\u order 11fN nanometer LLfl:ilm1nr.:'l1t11Mt1ti~
.
ftih Lft1.1t1

iMtJr.:~i11tNlt1tl L11lt1-3mm1fi1 fJNft1J1J~~d1ficy11t1-3Y1'ln dielectric 'W11'l:Luu

Polarization, Electrical susceptibility, LLfl: Dielectric constant 1tN Nano-dot
medium ir;imbJiu'l1nn1m'l11ru1'l1n m11Jt1-31l1Y111tl-3 dielectric sphere ~ilfAil a ~il
dielectric constant Ei el-3tir{Lu medium ~ilfi1 dielectric constant 11t1~ free

E = Eoz ~z,J
.... I I

space Eo UtlM1nil i~1:1.11J'l1-3i'lflfJLUftU1iJLn~1ililfi1ftij1LftiJtl

,c
-o

_ _!
 a· ~ft'l'Ll'lMnfh </>in ( r) LLB:: </> out ( r) nth'liffl fh potential mo\uu.a:muutrn 1tH
dielectric sphere
b. ~Lwu boundary conditions L~tl\41fh arbitrary constant 1tt-i potential
</>in(r) LLB::</> 011 c(r) lult1a\'LILY1t11J1Jtt-i¤1, Eo, £ 0 Uft::f111ila
c. ~1nR1,i~lm.Jt1m1il,h dipole moment ilfi1L,i1bUft::iln1~i'lt1th-lb f4'l~

physical origin 1J1~1nt1::b ,it1ui\~\'LILY1t11Jffi4'Y1tfrh~

Ylii11~::nd'u\u;;~1nu17:tll.l11t1'3 Nano-sized dielectric sphere \4ffllfflniu,11 Nano-dot

~ilfi1 dielectric permittivity Et 11fl::mi'lt1~'hJi'lnfl1'3~il dielectric constant Eo ,n~
1
'tiLLB~luz,J~ 1 ~ilm1nr.:~1t1i'lt1tl1'3ftJ1 Lt\SJtl LLft::ftSJ~ wi1 Nano-dot L1li fl ::i'l'l'l'3 mM1-l ntl4ilmi
l'1t114ilnri'l'l'lA''huJil interaction r.:wh-3ulifl:: Nano-dot ft1\4fu1:1.1ui,3nfi'Y.lil fl'l1JJW1LlW

11tl-l Nano-dot wu N dots ,lt1ubJ1,it11fl::ilfi1ftJ1u11Jt1

d. ~fi1'Ll'ltumfi1 polarization vector P 'Dtl-3 Nano-dot medium il

e. ~w~flMufN~uilL~tl L;lmJfi111tl'3 electric susceptibility Xe 11fl:: dielectric

constant C'Dtl-3 Nano-dot medium d

6. Dipole p'l1'3i'ltuJ\uftu1J.1\~,t1 E Lilt!~ Dipole Yi1~J.1nuftu1J.1l~"1Li]~ 0 (P111Jzl1)

a.4''3ft1'Ll'ltu\41 Torque ~n1:Yi1u'LI dipole
E b.-l1uiiYi1\'1 Dipole \Uf~10i;!tl'LILM~J.I =O luL~ll O'lli1
c. Li!~'Wfl'l11Jffl'Ll~::Yi1l\\' Dipole l'LILilt1ft1rllm,-nuiuuu
~IJ 0 ~fi1,l1,37 ftiJ~whuJil interaction ,:wi1,3 Dipole
i'lt1n'LI LLB:: number density, n(W,T) 11tN Dipole,
nft1'lMi'Llnu't'fft'3'31'LI W LLft:: T ~fl~ tuw;iil~ftlJ~fttffl'l1i.lffl\J
-q LLft::Lfl'Ll\iJ,i1iJfti.ln11
p=qd w
n = n0 e kT

"'1$1~1\J'lu Dipole °tf'3\4llil N 1nultn11,mfti.1fAil R, 4W\flft1 no

d. 'L6tun1m,11ru1 she/1,tN Dipole lu,i'l~i.Ji.i 0utt:: 0fd0, ~\fl net polarization
111ulu shell ,tN Dipole rl
e. 'L6tun11 integrate ~ftMu d. LTlM::'IA' Net Polarization vector P ~u~M'l1 1:1.ru
i1 azimuthal symmetry, ~~fi1u'lnnn polarization vector p
 /. it~,,~,t:t1u~il,h ftU'l>J\~"1 ~i.nn1 t1tl-wL-.lu E : : : 106 V/m t.iml Dipole~ H-
atom ihJr.:nt1uMt1 proton LLR:: electron ~m-uiu 1 Angstrom (1a 10 m),
nth'l'\Aii1 pE << 1
kT
~tJmt expand ~1,it1uiflllul't1 e.
. to lowest order in E!
~, flU'lffllrnn'l ~ L r l
ftul-.tltJiUl,b polarizability LYl1b

7. it-.1,nn dielectric cylinder ~il,.'l11.1m nJ1n1 f Plil a LLfl::il,.., dielectric constant t:

1

dielectric cylinder d'l1-ui'ltuJ'luftu11-J\,i,.1~il,..1flJ'uft1Jtl E= E0 f ~~,.i-1~nm.iLLtN

,&11 cylinder
a. cw"1 electrostatic potential <P"]n7ulL'ltu i-1111u\uLLa::rnoutm cylinder

b. "1u'lnnn ftU1JJ\,i,.,rnu\uLLR::111uutin cylinder

c. -.-1wow\1.\'Lw'l1Eint
-
- E
-
0 = f(c)E 0 , 1:1Ji'lu'l1 f(E) ilz,JLilut1tlrw'b
-+

-+
d. -..:iwow\1.\'Lw'l1 Eint - E0
-+
= -PP, Polarization P ,t>.:i1:uu't:tJm~flnt1u&u\''W/actor
_. -t

PLYh\1 fltllJL'UWl'lLfl'll~'t1nn11~1u'ltu
8. 'R't11M spherical cavity ~ilfPlil a t1,J'lui'lnft1-1~il dielectric constant t: centre ,tN
spherical cavity axial quadrupole ""'l~,;, axial quadrupole infinitesimal
small potential tl ult1 r 0 't:Li]u quadrupole potential LLft::"1Jt1n't1nil LSlt1
potential 0. Infinitesimal axial quadrupole LLftfl.:ifl11Jz,jfw
P,r. 8. <M

a. 't-1~1mcuvrnh quadrupole
.
potential il

b. \mi1n11 solve Laplace

equation L~t1"1
<1>1N(r, 8), <1>ouT(r, 8) cavity
c. «wL;uu Boundary
Conditions L~mfi1 arbitrary
constant 't'lnfhfltl\Jluftl b.
d. 't1mh,it111
<t>IN(r, 8), <l>ouT(r, 8) Mvh c.
+(J ' I

't::LnMtl::~1L'l'lL\\' & 1
I
where Qii = iJd r'p(r'){3r{rj' - r'
3 2 oii}
(1 + x)" == 1 + nx + 2-n(n - l)x 2 +2-n(n - t)(n - 2)x 3 + ···, lxl < 1
2! 3!

. x3 xS x7
s1nx=x--+---+··· -oo< x<oo
3! 5! 7!
x2 x4 x6
cosx=l--+---+--· -oo<x<co
2! 4! 6!
x3 2x5 17 x7 62x9
tanx=x+-+-+--+----·+
3 15 315 2835
22n (22n - 1)Bnx2n-l
n
+... lxl<-
(2n)! 2
x2 5x4 61x 6 Enx 2n n
secx=l+-+-+-+--·+--+--· lxl<-
2 24 720 (2n)! 2

17x3 3Jx 5
X
cscx =-+-+-+--+---+
X 6 360 15120
2(22n-1 _ 1)Bnx2n-1
____,;______ + .. · 0< lxl < n
(2n )!
1 x x3 2x5 22n Bnx2n-l
cotx=-----------·----- 0<lxl <n
x 3 45 94 5 (2n) !
. x3 x5 7 9
sinhx = x+ 7jl +-+=-+.::_
51 71 91
+·.. -oo<x<c:o
x2 x4 x6 8
cosh x =1+-+-+-+.:._+··· _ 00 < x < 00
21 41 61 81
x3 2 S 17 .7
tanhx=x--+_.:_-
3 15
A
315
+···+ ,r
(-1)"-1 22n (22n - 1)Bnx2n-l lxl<-2
+···
(2n )!
x2 5 4 16
sech x= 1--+_x___c_x_+···+
2 24 720 ,r
lxl<-2
(-1)" Enx2n
----+••·
(2n)!
3 5
x 7x
1 31x
csch x=---+----+···+
X 6 360 15120
(--1)" 2(22n-1 _ 1)Bnx2n-l
---------+···
(2n)!
5
1 2x
x x3
cothx =-+---+-+···+
3 45 945
X
O< lxl < Jr

Solution rnru Long cylinder </J(r, 0)

<P{r, 0)= A0 + B0 ln r + a::=iAm sin(mq>) + Bmcos (mcf>)}(Cmrm + Dmr-m)
Solution of Laplace equation in spherical coordinate with azimuthal
symmetry
L(A,r + r~:
00

<l>(r,8) = 1
1 )P,(cos8)
l=O
f+l 2
)_ P1(x) P1,(x)dx = Zl + 1 Ou,
1