1.

Physical Characteristics of Incheon Airport

 After the current expansion, Incheon Airport’s capacity will be 106 million PAX per year
 According to Precision Approach Categories, all four runways are of CAT-Ⅲb operation

Two pairs of parallel runways - Passengers : 106 million per year

- Runway 1, 2, 4 : 3,750m(length), 60m(width) - Aircraft Movements : 600,000 per year
- Runway 3 : 4,000m(length), 60m(width) - Cargo : 6.3 million tons per year

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 2. Seasonal Characteristics of Incheon Airport
 In summer, often affected by monsoon season along with occasional typhoons
 In winter, more than 15 days of snow on average affecting runway surface conditions

 Avg. Days of Rain : 94 days per year  Avg. Days of Snow : 16 days per year
 Avg. Amount of Rainfall : 1,122mm  Avg. Amount of Snowfall : 2.2cm
 Number of rainy days per year  Number of snowy days per year
88 (2018) → 99 (2019) → 94 (2020) 15 (2018) → 22 (2019) → 10 (2020)

Rainy Days and Average Rainfall in Incheon Snowy Days and Average Snowfall in Incheon

1,600 25 22

1,200 1,312 20
15
1,134
920 15
800 10
10
400 88 99 94 5
4.1
0 1.5 1
0
2018 2019 2020 2018 2019 2020
Days Amount
Days Amount

※ During 2018-2020, 58 SNOWTAM were issued in total.

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 3. Airside Safety Management Unit
 Its main roles include inspection, RFM, patrol, and management of abnormal
situations to ensure safe operations of the aerodrome
• Inspection of the movement area
• Runway Friction Measurement (RFM)
• Coping with ground incidents and
aircraft abnormal events
• Checking regulatory violation of airside staff
• Management of airside drivers, cars and
equipment
• RFM for Maintenance Purposes : monthly
* Determined by daily number of landing flights per one
runway direction
(91~150 ; once a month, 151~210 ; twice a month)
 RFM for Operation Purposes : after snow
removal, or at the request of ATC and pilots
• Recent RFM for operation purposes
* Dec. 2020 – 3, Jan. 2021– 29, Feb.2018 – 18
• Inspection of movement area
‒ Runways, Taxiways : 4 times a day
‒ Aprons : 3 times a day
• Runway friction measurement
‒ Maintenance Purposes
‒ Operation Purposes
 Checking airside regulation violation
‒ Safety patrol(4 times a day) for
checking airside regulatory violation
• Handling abnormal situations in the
airside
‒ Coping with aircraft incidents and
ground incidents
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 4. RFM vs. GRF(RCR)
 Differences in measurement occasions, frequency, method and standard btw RFM vs. GRF
 Inclusion of ‘water’ and increased frequencies are the biggest differences

 Maintenance Purposes (Regular)  Maintenance Purposes (N/A)

 Operation Purposes (Severe Weather)  Operation Purposes (Severe Weather)
Occasion - Snow, slush, ice, frost on runway - Water, Snow, slush, ice, frost on runway
- At the request of pilots, airlines, or ATC - At the request of pilots, airlines, or ATC

 Whenever it rains or snows

 Maintenance Purposes (Monthly)
(when water or contaminants are present)
Frequency  After snow removal
 Whenever there are ‘significant’ changes
 At the request
in runway surface conditions
 Using friction measurement equipment  By evaluator’s visual(eye) inspection
Method  Using CFME (for supportive means)
(CFME)

 Measured coefficient µ  RWYCC

Result
 Pollution status  Description of condition based on RCAM

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 5. GRF Committee in Korea
 K-MOT organized a committee with related organizations for GRF implementation
 Airports are in charge of runway condition evaluation(assessment)

Runway Condition
Domestic Reporting Application to
Evaluation
Standards and Sharing Flight Operation
(assessment)

2021
May June July Aug Sep Nov Dec

(4 Nov 2021)
GRF Implementation

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 6. Incheon Airport’s Plans for GRF Implementation
 The roadmap for GRF implementation includes short- to long-term plans
 Short-term actions are to timely delivered for GRF implementation without a fault

Short Term Plans Mid to Long Term Plans

2020 ~ Oct 2021 Nov 2021 ~ 2022 ~ 2025

 Regulation  Deploying measurement  Analysis and  Developing Automatic

amendment equipment improvement Measurement Device
 Education & training  Readiness test (simulation)

MANPOWER PROCEDURE EQUIPMENT COOPERATION

 Personnel increase  AOM and etc.  Verification  Reporting flows

 Proper training  Developing guidance  Purchase and and procedures
 Practical practices and Manuals deployment  Operational tests

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7. Problem and Solution
To overcome challenges derived from the ‘eye measurement’ method, Incheon Airport
is planning to develop an automatic measurement device

1. Human Error Probability (Credibility)

- Inconsistency of an evaluator or Enhancing the accuracy and objectivity
disagreement among evaluators and
aircraft operators could occur in applying of the measurement results
RCAM and RWYCC based on IT and machine learning

2. Excessive Load of Work (Convenience)

- Identifying and reporting any significant Installing the devices on runways
changes requires much more frequent
measurement and monitoring time for or measuring runway conditions
aerodrome personnel with A.I. equipment

3. Missing Real-time Changes (Immediacy)

‒ Manual assessing and reporting may lag Assessing and reporting
behind the fast-changing runway real-time runway conditions
conditions (time lag) without delay

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Thank you