1.What is a petroleum basin?

a) A container used for storing petroleum

b) A geological structure that contains oil and gas reserves
c) An underground river of petroleum
d) A type of oil refinery

2.Which of the following is not a type of petroleum basin

classification?
a) Sedimentary basins
b) Volcanic basins
c) Structural basins
d) Offshore basins

3.What is the primary source of hydrocarbons in petroleum basins?

a) Underground rivers
b) Fossilized plant matter
c) Seawater
d) Meteorites

4.Which geological process is responsible for the formation of

petroleum basins?
a) Volcanic eruptions
b) Erosion
c) Sedimentation and burial
d) Plate tectonics
Sediments can originate from various sources, including weathering
and erosion of rocks, organic matter, and chemical precipitates.
Sedimentologists examine different features within sediments and
sedimentary rocks to understand geological processes and
environmental conditions. Here are some common sedimentological
features:

Sedimentology Chart:

Sedimentological Feature Depositional Environment

Grain Size

Clay Quiet water (lakes, deep ocean)

Silt Riverbanks, lakes, slow streams

Sand Riverbeds, beaches, deserts

Gravel Fast-flowing rivers, alluvial fans

Sorting

Well-sorted Beaches, dunes, wind-blown sands

Poorly-sorted Glacial deposits, alluvial fans

Sedimentary Structures

Bedding Rivers, lakes, oceans

Cross-bedding Sand dunes, river channels

Ripple Marks Riverbeds, tidal flats

Mudcracks Intertidal flats, lake beds

Stratification

Horizontal Shallow marine, river deltas

Inclined/Graded River channels, submarine fans

Clasts

Rounded Clasts Beaches, riverbeds

Sedimentological Feature Depositional Environment
Angular Clasts Glacial deposits

Diagenetic Features

Cementation Sandstones, conglomerates

Compaction Shale, mudstone

Mineral Replacement Limestone, fossil preservation

What is lithology?
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Why is so importante the lithology in geology?
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Is it really importante the grain size?
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In geology what is a sedimentar structure?

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What is the role of color variation in differents layers on sedimentology?

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