PROPOSAL

REPRESENTATION OF FEMINISM IN THE MOVIE ENOLA HOLMES

By:

NASYIATUL IMAMAH

200511100059

ENGLISH LITERATURE DEPARTMENT

THE FACULTY OF SOCIAL AND CULTURAL

UNIVERSITY OF TRUONOJOYO MADURA

2022
 CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Study

The journey of a teenage detective to solve the puzzle of her mother's

appearance is an issue that occurs in this film. Tells the story of a teenager named

Enola Holmes who lives with her mother and her two older brothers. Enola's

father died when she was young so she was raised by her mother alone. Enola's

mother was a brave, intellectual and independent woman. Enola was taught by her

mother things that no woman should have learned at that time or as a child. What

she spent playing as a child was actually educated by Enola by studying various

branches of science, physical abilities in self-defense by practicing swords, tennis,

horse riding. At that time, women in England were more focused on personality

schools so that one day in public they could behave in a feminine and elegant

manner. Enola's mother taught her that as a woman, she must be independent and

not depend on other people, especially men. When Enola Holmes was 16 years

old, Enola was left somewhere without her knowledge. Enola tries to find her

mother by solving the puzzle of her missing mother through the cards in the box

her mother left behind. Armed with what her mother had trained her in the

sciences and martial arts, Enola sets out to find her.

The focus that will be discussed in this movie is when Enola Holmes goes on

a journey to become a detective to find her missing mother. It is a mystery

adventure that introduces fierce competition between the world's greatest

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detectives. Previously Enola Holmes enjoyed a happy childhood with her mother,

now Enola has to be raised by her two older brothers, Sherlock and Mycroft who

are famous detectives. Enola is determined to leave because she does not like her

brother's rules, so she goes to London. On the way on the train, Enola becomes

involved in a mystery related to a young aristocrat named Louis Partridge who ran

away from his home so he is sought after by bodyguards at his stately home. The

character of Enola Holmes is described as an active, cheerful, intelligent and

adventurous woman.

When the representation of the people Act 1884 in England, this movie is

taking place. Representation of the people Act 1884, namely where everyone has

the right to vote. At that time educated people had the opportunity to vote and

women did not have the right to vote at all. This movie is set in the Victorian era

in the 19th century in England. At that time, women were still bound by social

standards, stigma and treatment. Since her mother disappeared, Enola has gone to

London to find her who has a puzzle in the box. The place depicts royal life. The

women wore dresses that made their waists slender with blooming bottoms. Such

dresses were usually worn by the elite at dinners or dance parties at the

magnificent royal palaces so that the women who wore them looked exclusive and

elegant. The author chose the movie Enola Holmes because it is interesting to

watch, a movie that tells about women's struggle for equal voter rights.

This study used a qualitative method with a descriptive analysis type of

research. The study used in this discussion uses a documentation study as primary

data collection and a literature study as secondary data collection. The author

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describes the aspect of feminism that is reflected in the character of Enola

Holmes. The theory used in this movie is the theory of liberal feminism where

discrimination against women is treated unfairly by the character Enola Holmes.

That women and men are created equal and have the same rights and must have

the same opportunities. In that case every individual is given the freedom to

choose what is best for himself as long as it does not harm others. This movie

depicts the figure of a teenager Enola Holmes who is restrained by her two older

brothers but Enola wants to live freely according to her wishes without being

regulated by her brother because she is able to find her own mother. Feminism in

this movie is very prominent in Enola Holmes.

1.2 The Statement of Research Question

Based on the background described above, the problem can be formulated as

follows:

1. What does the Feminism shows in the Enola Holmes characterizes?

2. How does the conflict occur in this movie?

1.3 The Objectives of the study

Based on the description of the Research Question above, it can be concluded that

the purpose of this study

1. What the Feminism shows in the Enola Holmes characterizes.

2. How the conflict occur in this movie.

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1.4 Significances of the study

This research is expected to provide benefits, as for the expected from this

research are:

1.4.1 Theoretical benefits

- This study is expected to study theory and literary works in movie

1.4.2 Practical benefits

- This study is expected to be able to solve the problem solving.

- This study can tell the social community that women are not always

the power of men.

1.5 Scope and Limitation

This study focuses on the struggle of the main character whose

characterization reflects the emphasis on women’s autonomy and gender

equality between men and women. So that the main characters challenges

gender role stereotypes, which position women as less intelligent compared to

men.

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 CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

2.1 Grand Theory

Feminism

The term Feminism in terms of etymology comes from the Latin

word femmina which means woman. In French, the word feminism

becomes the word femme to refer to women. In this case the term

feminism is closer to feminim, so feminism is often interpreted as a

social movement for feminim. Feminism actually does not have a definite

meaning used in the definition because every feminist movement has its

own interests to strive for. However, when viewed according to the Big

Indonesian Dictionary (KBBI), feminism is a women's movement that

demands full equality of rights between women and men. As is generally

known, the position of women is below men, both in terms of rights and

obligations. Feminism fights for two things that are not owned by women

in general, namely autonomy to determine what is good for themselves

and equality.

Geofe and Irhomi (in Sugihastuti and Suharto, 2005:61) define

feminism as a women's movement to gain autonomy or organized

activities that fight for women's rights and interests. If women have equal

rights with men, it means that women are free to determine themselves as

men have done so far.

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 According to Kamla Bhasim and Nighat Said Khan (quoted by

Yunahar Ilyas), Feminism is an awareness of the oppression and

extortion of women in society, at work and in the family, as well as the

conscious actions of women and men to change this situation.

Meanwhile, according to Yunahar Ilyas, Feminism is awareness of

gender injustice that befell women, both in the family and society, as

well as conscious actions by women and men to change this situation.

Feminism has a relationship with patriarchy in fighting for gender

equality. In the view of feminism, patriarchy is a social system that is

discriminatory and unfair to women. Patriarchy controls the position of

women and limits the space for women to move from limiting thoughts,

sexuality, reproduction, even spirituality. Therefore, in the development

of feminism theory, there are further general characteristics in efforts to

include, (Tong, 2010: 150), namely:

1. Women and feminists are objects of extensive theory and

research.

2. Women and femininity which have long been neglected in

traditional theory are now conceptualized as equivalent to

research such as socio-economic studies.

3. Patriarchal discourse received sharp criticism.

4. Feminism theory wants to see a patriarchal discourse approach

through its relation to women's problems, as well as wider

issues.

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 5. Efforts to create ontological, episteology and political

frameworks for feminist discourse theory.

Women's issues formulated by feminist theories are carried out by

Rosemarie Tong, a feminist who has produced books on feminism

theory, one of her famous books is Feminist Through (1990).

Feminism has a history of being born with different factors and

goals. The birth of the feminist movement cannot be separated from

education, awareness, social class, and so on. Starting from the

assumption that women are basically oppressed and exploited by the

patriarchy. Men dominate from various aspects that make women feel

beneath them, causing women to gather and make feminist movements.

Feminism theory is used to solve research problems that focus on

the role and position of women in all aspects of life. According to

(Agustina in Komaruddin Hidayat and Ahmad Gaus, 2005:378), there are

several important points regarding feminism as a theory, namely:

1. Derived from women’s specific experiences and showing the

social journey towards women’s emancipation and

achievement.

2. Feminism is defined as an awareness of the oppression and

extortion of women formed by an unjust social system, namely

gender differences, male domination and the patriarchal

system.

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 3. Feminism is not only about understanding and realizing, but

also changing the situation with real action.

4. More broadly, Feminism is a number of social, cultural and

political movements, a set of moral theories and philosophies

related to gender inequality and discrimination against women.

5. Within Feminism there is an ideology of femininity, namely an

ideology that has the characteristics of peace, safety, goodness

and togetherness.

2.2 Sub Theories

Liberal Feminism

Feminism has various types of school with different perspectives

on various social and political issues. Here are some of the schools of

feminism that are often used, including:

1. Liberal Feminism

2. Radical Feminism

3. Social Marxist Feminism

4. Gender Psychoanalysis Feminism

5. Existentialist Feminism

6. Post-Modern Feminism Flow

7. Multicultural and Global Feminism

8. Flow Ecofeminism

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The Sub-Theory in this analysis only focuses on discussing Liberal

Feminism. Liberal Feminism is a view to place women who have full and

individual freedom. Women must prepare themselves to be able to

compete within the framework of “free competition” and have an equal

position with men. Alison Jaggar in her book Feminist Politics and

Human Nature, argues that in Liberal thinking, the unique human nature

is its rationality ability. Liberals define rationality in various aspects

including the emphasis on morality and wisdom (Gadis Arivia, 2003:99).

Liberal Feminism is a feminist movement that focuses on achieving legal

recognition of equality through a democratic system. The characteristics

of Liberal Feminism are belief in social, economic, and political equality;

commitment to achieving the goals of legal reform and the democratic

system; believes that every individual has the opportunity to fully express

himself.

Liberal Feminism has series of goals, namely to create a world where

social equality of women and men is recognized; influencing society so

that in the world of work women and men are treated the same way;

justice in wages between men and women regardless of gender;

positioning women as the responsibility of their father, husband, brother

or other men in their life.

In addition to the objectives, the Liberal Feminism theory that needs to

be known is that women and men must have equal access to education

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 and employment; women and men must be free from threats of sexual

harassment in the workplace. Liberal Feminism emphasizes that women

should be placed in leadership roles and prominent in all aspects of

society, politics, business, religion, etc. Effort in Liberal Feminism,

namely feminists to strive for equal rights, even though the efforts made

ultimately failed, this has been a significant effort in the struggle for

Liberal Feminism.

Jean Bethke Elshtain in his book A Political Theorist criticizes that all

women want to be like men, adopting male traits (prioritizing rationality

and not showing emotion) to reduce oppression. Even though women are

not allowed to use men’s way of thinking, because women also have their

own way of thinking that can be distinguished from men’s way of

thinking. As a human being, adopting the way of thinking of both is a

must so that there is no dichotomy between nurture and nature itself.

In that case, Liberal Feminism has received several criticisms from the

assumptions of society, including:

- Liberal feminism is considered to be less concerned about socio-

economic realities and the occurrence of a sexual division of labor.

- Liberal Feminism tends to emphasize the equality of women and men,

without considering the reality of class and the oppression that occurs

by patriarchy.

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- Liberal Feminism seems specifically to white, middle class and

heterosexual women.

2.3 Theoretical Framework

In this chapter, the writer will explain the theory applied to analyze the

character Enola Holmes as the selected literary work in this discussion.

Regarding research question, the theory used in this discussion is

Liberal Feminism, which means an approach based solely on the

Theory itself.

In general, Liberal Feminism is a Liberal concept that emphasizes

that women and men are created equal, have the same rights and must

also have the same opportunities. Humans are different from animals

because of their rationality. This rationality ability has two aspects,

namely morality (autonomous decision maker) and prudential

(fulfillment of one’s own needs) according to Mary Wollstonecrat in

her writing A Vindication of the Right of Women. Every individual is

given the freedom to choose what is good for himself as long as it does

not harm others.

In the movie Enola Holmes emphasizes the theory of Liberal

Feminism that the role of women here is below that of men. Women

always follow orders or rules made by their brothers without thinking

about Enola’s feelings. Women do not have the freedom to live life,

they want everything to be according to the man’s decision. Do not

have the same rights and opportunities in life. The role of women here

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 escapes from the decisions of their brothers because they want to fight

for rights and freedom within themselves.

2.4 Previous Studies

In this section, the author will review several previous studies related

to the object of this discussion. These studies are taken from journal

articles and theses of undergraduate students which can be found on

the internet.

1. The first research by Natalia Sri Kurniati, Eusabinus Bunau, and

Yanti Sri Rezeki, with the title Analysis of Moral Values in the

Movie Enola Holmes. This study uses the data analysis theory of

Miles, Huberman, and Saldana (2014). The focus of this research is

to examine various kinds of moral values and describe how these

values are presented in the movie Enola Holmes. The results of the

study show that the movie contains several moral values defined by

Haidt such as caring, justice or proportionality, freedom, authority

or respect, and loyalty or group, as well as moral values defined by

Barrow, such as justice, respect for people, freedom, and welfare.

The design of this research is descriptive qualitative research with

the movie script Enola Holmes as the primary data source.

2. The second research by Risqy Nurhanisa Mustakawati, Ririn

Ambarini, Nur Hidayat with the title The Women’s Struggles In

Breaking Gender Inequality In The Movie “Enola Holmes” And Its

Contribution To The Introduction Of Literature Source. Which

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 focuses on feminist case that occur in the world related to the

movie Enola Holmes. This study uses a document analysis

instrument with feminist analysis theory by Madsen using

qualitative descriptive method in conducting research. The findings

of this study indicate several gender inequalities in the movie

Enola Holmes, namely oppression and sexual harassment against

women; women must obey all orders of men; freedom of

expression is limited by social standards.

3. The third research by Rivika Adha Dinanti with the title Gender

Inequality in the Victorian Era as Seen in the Movie Enola Holmes.

This study uses the theory from Mary Wollstonecraft. The focus of

the discussion is on gender inequality in the Victorian era using

qualitative methods.

The three studies compared with this discussion have in common that

they both use qualitative methods. Same in using the theory from Mary

Wollstonecraft researched by Rivika Adha Dinanti. The findings are

the same as research from Risqy Nurhanisa Mustakawati, Ririn

Ambarini, Nur Hidayat. If the difference between this discussion and

the three studies above is that in terms of titles, they have different

characteristics and objectives.

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 CHAPTER III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.1 Research Types/Design

In this discussion, the author uses descriptive methods and qualitative methods.

Qualitative research in collecting data through document, interviews, and

observation. According to Moleong (2005:6) qualitative research is research to

understand the phenomenon of what is experienced by research subjects and by

means of descriptions in the form of words and language, in a special natural

context and by utilizing various scientific methods. In this study, the author will

use qualitative research, where the data will be analyzed through interpretation,

not statistical analysis. The qualitative method can also be said to be multi-method

because of the interrelationship between intrinsic and extrinsic aspects in

literature. It can be concluded that qualitative research analyses descriptive data to

make it easier for the author to answer the research question in the movie Enola

Holmes.

3.2 Data and Source of Data

The data source in this study is a movie entitled Enola Holmes. Enola Holmes

is a Victorian era adventure made in Inggris movie directed by Harry Bradbeer.

This movie is watched from Netflix with a duration of 123 minutes published on

September 23 2020. Movie Enola Holmes can be accessed or watched at the age

of 13. The author uses data in the form of words or utterances, phrases, sentences,

or several quotations related to Liberal Feminism in the character Enola Holmes.

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3.3 Research Instrument

Data collection in a study is carried out using various research methods such as

observation, interviews, literature study, and documentation, requiring tools as

instruments. According to Suharsimi Arikunto, research instrument are tools and

facilities used in the data collection process to facilitate work and the results are

better, more accurate, complete, and consistent so that research is carried out more

easily. In this discussion, the author uses a research instrument in the form of

observation and documentation methods because it requires a camera instrument

to record an event in a movie, both in the form of screenshots and video. The

recorder is used to record video as data collection. Pens and books are used to

record data information obtained from the movie Enola Holmes.

3.4 Technique of Collecting Data

The author uses data collection techniques with documents. Documents can be

in the form of writing, pictures, or work. Documents are records of past events.

The author uses several documents because this study is descriptive in nature, so

the author describes and analyzes the data that has been found in the movie Enola

Holmes to answer the research question.

The author has several steps in collecting data,

1. First by downloading the movie Enola Holmes and accurate sources from

journals or articles.

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 2. Second is watching movies to search for data repeatedly carefully in order

to find important points in the movie Enola Holmes.

3. Third, reading data repeatedly effectively to find data points related to the

problem.

4. Fourth identifies data to make assumptions about Liberal Feminism in the

movie Enola Holmes and correlates it with research question.

3.5 Triangulation

Triangulation is one of the most important parts of qualitative research to ensure

that the data studied is complete and valid. Triangulation is an approach taken by

researchers to determine more perspectives related to the data found in order to

check the validity of the data.

In this study, the author use a type of triangulation in the form of data

triangulation because the approach is often used to check the validity of data from

various sources. Starting from direct data source such as observations to indirect

data source such as documents. When varying the data can be read repeatedly and

at different times, spaces (more than one times).

3.6 Technique of Analysis Data

The author will analyze data analysis techniques using qualitative research.

Data analysis is defined as the process of detailing formal attempts to find themes

and formulate ideas as suggested and as attempts to provide support and themes to

ideas (Taylor, 1995). In this study the author will describe and analyze the data to

find answers to the problem formulation.

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There are three stage in data analysis,

1. First data reduction, in this case the author classifies, removes unnecessary

and organizes data so that it is effective and can make data conclusion.

2. Second, the author’s data display does a brief description to reveal all the

data so that it is easy to understand to present the data.

3. Third conclusion and verification, the data that has been compiled in such

a way is arranged systematically and then summarized so that it can be

found to conclude the research question.

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Alika Kamilia Basar, I. Z. (2022). Adaptation Modes in Indonesian Subtitle of

Enola Holmes . Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-
Journal, 13456-13465.

Amirrudin, M. A. (2014). Analysis Visual Kriya Kayu Lame Di Kampungan

Saradan Desa Sukamulya Kecamatan Pagaden Kabupaten Subang.
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, 37-51.

Dinanti, R. A. (2021). Gender Inequality In the Victorian Era As Seen In The

Movie Enola Holmes 2020. State Islamic University Of Sulthan Thaha
Saifuddin Jambi, 1-60.

Natalia Sri Kurniati, E. B. (2022). ANALYSIS OF MORAL VALUES IN THE

ENOLA HOLMES MOVIE. SIROK BASTRA, 61-70.

Rizqy Nurhanisa Mustikawati, R. A. (2022). The Women’s Struggles in Breaking

Gender Inequality in “Enola Holmes” Movie and Its Contribution to the
Introduction of Literature course. Undergraduate Conference on Applied
Linguistics, Linguistics, and Literature , 146-156.

Sarah, R. (2022). REPRESENTATION OF FEMINISM ON THE CHARACTER

OF ENOLA HOLMES IN THE ENOLA HOLMES FILM: JOHN
FISKE'S SEMIOTICS ANALYSIS. BAHAS, 100-108.

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