MCQs

Q1: The most commonly used indicator in the laboratory is

(a) Methyl Orange
(b) Litmus
(c) Phenolphthalein
(d) Universal Indicator

Answer: Universal Indicator

Q2: Olfactory indicators are:

(a) Clove
(b) Turmeric
(c) Soap
(d) Rose Petals

Answer: (a) Clove

Q3: An element common to all acids is
(a) Chlorine
(b) Nitrogen
(c) Oxygen
(d) Hydrogen

Answer: (d) Hydrogen

Q4: Metal carbonate on reaction with dilute acid release

(a) CO2
(b) CO
(c) H2O
(d) H2

Answer: (a) CO2

Q5 (Teachers FA manual): ln general, salts

(a) are ionic compounds
(b) contain hydrogen ions
(c) contain hydroxide ions
(d) turn litmus red

Answer: (a) are ionic compoundsQ6: On passing excess of CO2 gas in an

aqueous solution of calcium carbonate, milkiness of the solution
(a) persists
(b) fades
(c) deepens
(d) disappears

Answer: (b) fades

Q7(FA manual): When magnesium and hydrochloric acid react, they produce
(a) Oxygen and magnesium chloride
(b) Chlorine and magnesium oxide
(c) Hydrogen and magnesium chloride
(d) Hydrogen and magnesium oxide

Answer: (c) Hydrogen and magnesium chloride

Q8: Dissolution of acid or base in water is

(a) Exothermic
(b) Endothermic
(c) Violent
(d) None of these

Answer: (a) Exothermic

Q9: Water contains more H+ ions than OH- ions. In this case, water is
(a) neutral
(b) basic
(c) acidic
(d) cannot say.

Answer: (c) acidic

Q10: When an acid reacts with a base what compounds are formed?
(a) water only
(b) metal oxides only
(c) a salt only
(d) salt and water

Answer: (d) salt and water

Q11: Which of the following is a property of an acid? (a) slippery feel

(b) non-reactive
(c) sour taste
(d) strong colour

Answer: (c) sour tasteQ12: On diluting an acid concentration of H+ per unit

volume
(a) increases
(b) decreases
(c) remains unaffected
(d) depends on the type of acid used.

Answer: (b) decreases

Q13: What is pH?

(a) the positive logarithm of the hydroxide ion concentration
(b) the positive logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration(c) the negative logarithm
of the hydroxide ion concentration
 (d) the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration

Answer: (d) the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration

Q14: Tartaric acid is the constituent of

(a) bleaching powder
(b) baking powder
(c) washing powder
(d) plaster of Paris

Answer: (b) baking powder

Q15: A solution turns blue litmus red. Its pH value is likely to be

(a) 4
(b) 7
(c) 9
(d) 12

Answer: (a) 4

Q16: What is the name of H2SO3?

(a) Sulphuric Acid
(b) Sulphurous Acid
(c) Sulphite Acid
(d) Hydrogen Sulphide.

Answer: (b) Sulphurous Acid

Q17: Which gas is produced by the reaction of base with metal?

(a) Carbon dioxide
(b) Dioxygen
(c) Dihydrogen
(d) Dinitrogen

Answer: (c) Dihydrogen

Q18: Acid + Metal-oxide →?

(a) Base + Water
(b) Salt + Water
(c) Base + Salt
(d) Metal + Salt

Answer: (b) Salt + WaterQ19: Which of the following is a weak acid?

(a) Hydrochloric Acid
(b) Nitric Acid
(c) Acetic Acid
(d) Sulphuric Acid

Answer: (c) Acetic Acid

Q20: An indicator is what type of compound?
(a) reducing agent
(b) strong base or acid
(c) weak base or acid
(d) salt

Answer: (c) weak base or acid

Q21: Which of the following is strong acid?

(a) Acetic acid
(b) Citric acid
(c) Nitric acid
(d) Oxalic acid

Answer: (c) Nitric acid

Q22: Name the organic acid present in tomato
(a) Tartaric Acid
(b) Malic Acid
(c) Lactic Acid
(d) Oxalic Acid

Answer: (d) Oxalic Acid

Short Answer Type Questions
Question 1.: How does baking powder differ from baking soda?
Q2.: What will happen if heating is not controlled while preparing the Plaster of
Paris from gypsum?
Q3. : What are the two main ways in which common salt (sodium chloride)
occurs in nature? How is common salt obtained from sea water? Explain.

Q.4. : Why the aqueous solution of sodium carbonate is basic in nature?

Question 5.: Why is an aqueous solution of ammonium chloride acidic in
nature? Question 6.: Dry ammonia has no action on litmus paper but a
solution of ammonia in water turns red litmus paper blue. Why is it so?
Question 7.: What happens when (a) Solid sodium hydrogen carbonate is
heated, (b) Chlorine gas is passed through dry slaked lime, (c) Gypsum is
heated to a temperature of 373 K? Question 8. : Give the Names of Raw
Materials that are required for the manufacture of washing soda by Solvay
process. Write the reactions involved in the process. uestion 10: why is
calcium sulphate hemihydrate called ‘Plaster of Paris’?
Answer: Plaster of Paris gets its name from large gypsum deposits in Montmartre in
Paris. We know that plaster of Paris, which is chemically calcium sulphate
hemihydrate is obtained by heating gypsum. So the origin of the name ‘Plaster of
Paris’ is the fact that the source material gypsum is found in large deposits at
Montmartre in Paris
Question 11: Plaster of Paris should be stored in a moisture-proof container.
Explain why?
Answer: Plaster of Paris should be stored in moisture proof container because
Plaster of Paris is powdered form of gypsum with less water of crystallisation. But
when we keep in open it will react with water to for hard solid mass Gypsum.
CaSO4. 1/2H2O + 3/ H2O ——- > CaSO4. 2H2O
Question 12: Equal lengths of magnesium ribbons are taken in test tubes A
and B. Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is added to test tube A, while acetic acid
(CH3COOH) is added to test tube B. Amount and concentration taken for both
the acids are same. In which test tube will the fizzing occur more vigorously
and why?
Answer: -In the test tube, A fizzing occurs more vigorously. Because HCl is a
stronger acid than acetic acid. Hence, HCl liberates hydrogen gas more vigorously,
which causes fizzing more vigorously
Question 13: What is aqua-regia?
Answer: A mixture of concentrated nitric and hydrochloric acids. It is a highly
corrosive liquid able to attack gold and other resistant substances.
Question 14: Why should curd and sour substances not be kept in brass and
copper vessels?
Answer: Curd and sour substances contain acids. Acids react with metals to give
salt and hydrogen gas. So, if such substances are kept in a copper container, the
acid will react and the container will be corroded.
Question 15: What is efflorescence?
Answer: Efflorescence is the loss of water (usually as evaporation to air) in an
aqueous solution of salts, leaving behind crusts of solid salt crystals, and called
efflorescent salts
Question 16: A farmer has found that the pH of the soil in his fields is 4.2.
Name any two chemical materials which he can mix with soil with soil to adjust
its pH.
Answer: Quicklime (calcium oxide) or slaked lime (calcium hydroxide) or chalk
(calcium carbonate)
Question 17: Give the names and formulae of two (i) strong monobasic acids
(ii) weak dibasic acids.
Answer: (i) Hydrochloric acid(HCl),nitric acid(HNO3) (ii) Carbonic acid
(H2CO3),oxalic acid(C2H2O4)
Question 18: Why alkalies like sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide
should not be left exposed to air?
Answer: Because they are hygroscopic in nature and absorb moisture from the
atmosphere in which they ultimately dissolve.
Question 19: State whether an aqueous solution of washing soda is acidic or
alkaline.
Answer: An aqueous solution of washing soda is alkaline (turns red litmus blue).On
dissolving in water it forms strong base (NaOH) and weak acid(H2CO3) Na2CO3 +
H2O → 2NaOH + H2CO3
Question 20: An old man complained of acute pain in the stomach.The doctor
gave him a small antacid tablet and he got immediate relief. What actually
happened?
Answer: The old person was suffering from acute acidity. An antacid tablet contains
sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO3). It reacts with acid (HCl) formed because of
acidity and neutralise its effect.
Question 21. (a) Give Arrhenius definition of an acid and a base (CBSE 2006)
(b) Choose strong acid and strong base from the following
CH3COOH, NH4OH, KOH, HCl
Answer: (a): Acid: are characterised by acids, which dissociate in aqueous solution
to form hydrogen ions (H+) and Acids are defined as a compound or element that
releases hydrogen (H+) ions into the solution.
Bases: Which form hydroxide (OH−) ions when dissolved in water.
Question 22. What happens chemically when quicklime is added? (CBSE
2008)
Answer: Calcium hydroxide is formed when quicklime reacts with water and a large
amount of heat is also released with a hissing sound as it is an exothermic reaction.
CaO + H2O ——–à Ca(OH)2 + Heat.
Question 23 What is baking powder? How does it make the cake soft and
spongy? (CBSE 2008)
Answer: Baking powder is a mixture of sodium hydrogen carbonate and a mild
edible(eatable) acid such as tartaric acid.
When baking powder is heated it releases carbon dioxide gas due to which the cake
rises and become soft and spongy.
Question 24. Name the gas evolved when dilute HCl reacts with sodium
hydrogen carbonate. How is it recognised? (CBSE 2008)
Answer: Carbon dioxide gas is evolved.
When it is allowed to pass through freshly prepared lime water, the lime water turns
milky.
Ca(OH)2 + CO2 ———–à CaCO3
(lime water) (milky)
Question 25. How will you test for the gas which is liberated when
hydrochloric acid reacts with an active metal? (CBSE 2008)
Answer: Hydrogen gas is evolved when an active metal reacts with hydrochloric
acid. Evolved gas burns with pop sound when a burning splinter is brought close to
it.
Question 26. How does the flow of acid rain water into a river make the
survival of aquatic life in the river difficult? (A.I CBSE 2008)
Answer: Due to the flow of acid rain water into a river, the pH value of the river
water decreases, which makes the aquatic life difficult to survive?
Question 26. Two solutions A and B have pH values of 5 and 8 respectively.
Which solution will be basic in nature? (CBSE 2008 C)
Answer: B will be of basic nature as pH= 8.
Question 27. A compound X of sodium is commonly used in the kitchen for
making crispy pakoras. It is also used for curing acidity in the stomach.
Identify X. What is its chemical formula? State the reaction which takes place
when it is heated during cooking. (CBSE 2008 C)
Answer: ‘X’ is baking soda, sodium hydrogen carbonate ( NaHCO3).
When it is heated during cooking, it decomposes into sodium carbonate, carbon
dioxide and water.
2NaHCO3(s)———-à Na2CO3 + CO2 + H2O
Question 28. How is the pH of a solution of an acid-influenced when it is
diluted? (CBSE 2008 F)
Answer: H+ ions concentration in moles per litre decreases when acid dissolved in
water. And hence, pH increases because the solution becomes less acidic on
dilution.
Question 29. Arrange the following in increasing order of their pH values:
NaOH solution, blood, lemon juice. (CBSE 2008 F)
Answer: Lemon juice < Blood < NaOH solution
Question 30. What would be the colour of litmus in a solution of sodium
carbonate? (CBSE 2009)
Answer: Red litmus turns blue in a solution of sodium carbonate.
Question 31. Why does tooth decay start when the pH of mouth is lower than
5.5? (CBSE 2009)
Answer: Tooth decay starts when the pH of the mouth is lower than 5.5.
It does not dissolve in water but is corroded when the pH in the mouth is below 5.5.
Bacteria present in the mouth produce acids by degradation of sugar and food
particles remaining in the mouth after eating.
Question 32. Crystals of copper sulphate are heated in a test tube for some
time
(a) What is the colour of copper sulphate crystals
(i) before heating and (ii) after heating?
(b) What is the source of liquid droplets seen on the inner side of the tube? (A.I
CBSE 2009)
Answer: (a) (i) Colour of copper sulphate crystals before heating is blue.
 ( ii) After heating blue colour disappears and turns white.
(b) It is the water of crystallisation.
Question 33. Why does 1M HCl solution have a higher concentration of H+ ions
than 1M CH3COOH (A.I CBSE 2009)
Answer: 1M HCl has a higher concentration of H+ ions as it releases H+ ions readily.
Question 34. What is an alkali? (CBSE 2009 F)
Answer: An alkali is defined as a base that dissolves in water. A solution of a
soluble base has a pH greater than 7.0.
Question 35. (i) Name the products obtained when sodium hydrogen carbonate
is heated.
(ii) Write the chemical equation for the reaction involved in the above. (A.I
CBSE 2009)
Answer: (i) Sodium carbonate, carbon dioxide and water are formed when sodium
hydrogen carbonate is heated.
(ii) Sodium carbonate, carbon dioxide and water are obtained.
2NaHCO3(s) ——–> Na2CO3(S) + CO2 (g) + H2O (l)
Question 36. Which of these has a higher concentration H+Ions – 1M HCl or 1M
CH3COOH (A.I CBSE 2009)
Answer: 1M HCl has a higher concentration of H+Ions.
Question 37. Write the name and chemical formula of the calcium compound
used for disinfecting drinking water. How is this compound manufactured? (A.I
CBSE 2009)
Answer: Bleaching powder – CaOCl2 (Calcium oxychloride )
Preparation – CaOCl2 is formed when chlorine gas is passed through the slaked line.
Ca(OH)2 + Cl2——– -> CaOCl2 +H2O
Question 38. What is the colour of litmus in a solution of ammonium
hydroxide? (CBSE 2009 F)
Answer: Red litmus turns blue in a solution of ammonium hydroxide.
Question 39. Which gas is generally liberated when a dilute solution of
hydrochloric acid reacts with an active metal?
Answer: Hydrogen gas is liberated a dilute solution of hydrochloric acid reacts with
an active metal.
Zn(S) +2HCl (dil) -> ZnCl2 (aq) + H2 (g)
Question 40: Fresh milk has a pH of 6. When it changes into curd (yoghurt) will
it pH value increase or decrease? Why? (CBSE 2009)
Answer: The pH value of curd decreases when fresh milk turns into curd. It is
due to the formation of lactic acid when milk changes into curd.