Mole concept Cont.

At the end of this class students should be able to:

1. apply Avogadro's law;

2. perform calculations involving molar volumes.

3. calculate empirical and molecular formulae

Avogadro's law

Avogadro’s law, a statement that under the same conditions of temperature and pressure, equal
volumes of different gases contain an equal number of molecules.

Deduction of molar volume of gases

Molar volume is the volume occupied by one mole of any gas at a definite pressure and temperature. It
is denoted by Vm. Molar volume of the substance depends on temperature and pressure. The unit of
molar volume is dm -3.

As per Avogadro's law, equal volumes of all gases contain equal number of molecules, at a constant
temperature and pressure. Therefore, equal number of molecules of any gas, must occupy the same
volume, at constant temperature and pressure.

Standard Molar Volume

Standard molar volume of a gas is the volume occupied by 1 mole of any gas at 273 K and 1 atm
pressure (STP). It is equal to 22.4 dm -3 . It is the same for all gases.

Remember

S.T.P. = Standard Temperature and Pressure

Standard Temperature = 0 o C or 273 K

Standard Pressure = 1 atm or 101.325 kPa

At room temperature and pressure (RTP) , 1 mol of a gas occupies 24.0 dm -3

Room temperature = 25 o C or 298 K

Pressure = 1 atm or 101.325 kPa

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