CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS AND TESTING

1. PROPORTIONING OF CONCRETE (PROBLEM SOLVING)

Problem 1 Given the following data:

Required volume of wet concrete = 1 m3
Mix proportion: 1:2:4
1 bag of cement = 50 kg
Bulk density of cement = 1440 kg/m3
Water-cement ratio (w/c) = 0.45
Percentage of voids due to fine aggregates = 20%
Percentage of voids due to coarse aggregates = 34%
Determine the following using Dry Mix Method:
a. bags of cement
b. volume in m3 of sand
c. volume in m3 of gravel
d. volume in L of water

Problem 2 Given the following data:

Mix proportion: 1:1.5:3
gravel maximum size = 20 mm
Water-cement ratio = 0.45

Bulk density of cement = 1500 kg/m3 El

Bulk density of sand = 1700 kg/m3
Bulk density of gravel = 1650 kg/m3

Specific gravity of cement = 3.15

Specific gravity of sand = 2.6
Specific gravity of gravel = 2.6

The percentage of entrained air assumed is 2%.

Determine the following using Absolute Volume Method:
p F
a. bags of cement
b. volume in m3 of sand Ps My
c. volume in m3 of gravel
d. volume in L of water

Problem 3 Given the following:

Compressive strength of concrete, f’c = 35 MPa at 28 days
Slump = 75 mm ± 20 mm
Ps
y
Nominal maximum size of aggregate = 25 mm
Specific Gravity of Cement = 3.00

Coarse Aggregate: well-graded, 25-mm nominal maximum-size rounded gravel, ovendry

specific gravity of 2.68, absorption = 0.5%, ovendry rodded bulk density = 1600 kg/m 3.
Moisture content of trial batching = 2%

Fine Aggregate: ovendry specific gravity of 2.64, absorption = 0.7%, lab. moisture content =
6%, FM = 2.80
MANSAYON 1
PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE

Air-entraining admixture: wood-resin type (dosage rate = 0.5 g/kg of cement)

Water reducer (dosage rate = 3 kg/kg of cement)

w/c = 0.31
Air content = 8%
Water content: 135 kg/m3 (influenced by slump, nominal max aggregate size and water
reducer)
Coarse aggregate factor from its size and influenced by the FM of sand = 0.67

Determine the following using Absolute Volume Method for one cubic meter of concrete:
a. mass of cement in kg
b. mass of water to be added in kg considering moisture corrections
d. mass of coarse aggregates
c. mass of fine aggregates
d. mass of air entraining admixture
e. mass of water reducer

Problem 4 Given the following data for a concrete mix:

Target mean strength = 42 MPa
Slump = 10 to 100 mm
Water-cement ratio = 0.41
Unit weight of concrete = 23.6 kN/m3
Water content = 180 kg/m3
Entrapped air = 1%
Coarse aggregate = 10.1 kN/m3

Specific gravity of materials:

Cement = 3.15
Fine aggregate = 2.64
Coarse aggregate = 2.68

Determine the following using Absolute Volume Method:

a. volume of cement, sand and coarse aggregates only per cubic meter of concrete
b. weight of cement needed for 10 m3 of concrete
d. volume of fine aggregates for 0.55 m3

3rd PSAP CMO

MSTE
2 MANSAYON
1st AM S PTHE CMM
 of voids
54

volume req'd to obtain 1 m3of wet conc

Dry
1.54 Vet wet
t 0.542 Viet

y
If

Vpn 1.54 V
wet

If
1 54 Vana
Randy wet

1.54 m3

1 54 m3
EEP
 Kent
154 m 0.22 m3
Vom Natty

f am Ps am

Pam
I
1440 Mcm
top 3
0.22 m

Mcm 0.22 1440

Mcm 316 8 kg

no 316.8 by 6.34 bugs

of boys
Gym
I 7 bags
Usand
1 54 m3 0.44m3
sand fat
Vanni
gra
1.54m 0 88 m3
gravel
ty

water

For 1 bag cant 50 by

w o 0.45

Pam 1440 43 My Sota

Van O 035 m

Wh o 45 Faith

0 4560 035m37
water
0 0158 m3
Gmt
Via.tw 15.8L

1.54 m
For I m of wet cone or
y
 y
15.81
6.34 bays
water 1 bag

water
100.2L

0.45
Fitr
0 45 0.22 m3
way
0 099 m3 or

99L 100L