Triangles

Basic Proportionality
Theorem Thales Theorem)

Converse: If a line divides

any two sides of a triangle
If a line is drawn parallel to in the same ratio, then the
one side of a triangle to line is parallel to the third
intersect the other two side.
sides in distinct points, the
other two sides are divided
in the same ratio.
 Criteria for Similarity
AAA: If in two triangles, corresponding
angles are equal, then their
corresponding sides are in the same
ratio (or proportion) and hence the two
triangles are similar.

SSS: If in two triangles, sides of one

triangle are proportional to (i.e., in the
same ratio of ) the sides of the other
triangle, then their corresponding angles
are equal and hence the two triangles are
similar.

SAS: If one angle of a triangle is equal to

one angle of the other triangle and the
sides including these angles are
proportional, then the two triangles are
similar.
Q1. A vertical pole of length 6 m casts a
shadow 4 m long on the ground and at the
same time a tower casts a shadow 28 m long.
Find the height of the tower.
[Board 2016]
Q1. A vertical pole of length 6 m casts a
shadow 4 m long on the ground and at the
same time a tower casts a shadow 28 m long.
Find the height of the tower.
[Board 2016]
Q1. A vertical pole of length 6 m casts a
shadow 4 m long on the ground and at the
same time a tower casts a shadow 28 m long.
Find the height of the tower.
[Board 2016]
Solution
Q2. In the fig, ΔABC, DE || BC, find the
value of x.

[Board 2015]
Q2. In the fig, ΔABC, DE || BC, find the
value of x.

[Board 2015]
Q2. In the fig, ΔABC, DE || BC, find the
value of x.

[Board 2015]
Solution
Q3. In the given figure, QA ⊥ AB and
PB ⊥ AB. If AO = 20 cm, BO = 12 cm,
PB = 18 cm, find AQ.

[Board 2017]
Q3. In the given figure, QA ⊥ AB and
PB ⊥ AB. If AO = 20 cm, BO = 12 cm,
PB = 18 cm, find AQ.

[Board 2017]
Q3. In the given figure, QA ⊥ AB and
PB ⊥ AB. If AO = 20 cm, BO = 12 cm,
PB = 18 cm, find AQ.

[Board 2017]
Solution
Q4. In Fig, prove

that BAC is an isosceles triangle.

[Board 2020]
Q4. In Fig, prove

that BAC is an isosceles triangle.

[Board 2020]
Q4. In Fig, prove

that BAC is an isosceles triangle.

[Board 2020]
Solution
Q5. In Fig, DE || AC and DC || AP. Prove that

[Board 2020]
Q5. In Fig, DE || AC and DC || AP. Prove that

[Board 2020]
Q5. In Fig, DE || AC and DC || AP. Prove that

[Board 2020]
Solution
Q6. X is a point on the side BC of ΔABC.
XM and XN are drawn parallel to AB and AC
respectively meeting AB in N and AC in M.
MN produced meets CB produced at T.
Prove that TX2 = TB × TC.

[Board 2018]
Q6. X is a point on the side BC of ΔABC.
XM and XN are drawn parallel to AB and AC
respectively meeting AB in N and AC in M.
MN produced meets CB produced at T.
Prove that TX2 = TB × TC.

[Board 2018]
Q6. X is a point on the side BC of ΔABC.
XM and XN are drawn parallel to AB and AC
respectively meeting AB in N and AC in M.
MN produced meets CB produced at T.
Prove that TX2 = TB × TC.

[Board 2018]
Solution
Q7. If sides AB, BC and median AD of ΔABC
are proportional to the corresponding sides
PQ, QR and median PM of PQR, show that
ΔABC ~ ΔPQR.

[Board 2017]
Q7. If sides AB, BC and median AD of ΔABC
are proportional to the corresponding sides
PQ, QR and median PM of PQR, show that
ΔABC ~ ΔPQR.

[Board 2017]
Q7. If sides AB, BC and median AD of ΔABC
are proportional to the corresponding sides
PQ, QR and median PM of PQR, show that
ΔABC ~ ΔPQR.

[Board 2017]
Solution
Q8. In Fig, AB ┴ BC, FG ┴ BC and DE ┴ AC.
Prove that ΔADE～ΔGCF.

[Board 2016]
Q8. In Fig, AB ┴ BC, FG ┴ BC and DE ┴ AC.
Prove that ΔADE～ΔGCF.

[Board 2016]
Q8. In Fig, AB ┴ BC, FG ┴ BC and DE ┴ AC.
Prove that ΔADE～ΔGCF.

[Board 2016]
Solution
Q9. In the figure, ∠BED = ∠BDE and E divides
BC in the ratio 2 : 1. Prove that
AF × BE = 2 AD × CF.

[Board 2015]
Q9. In the figure, ∠BED = ∠BDE and E divides
BC in the ratio 2 : 1. Prove that
AF × BE = 2 AD × CF.

[Board 2015]
Q9. In the figure, ∠BED = ∠BDE and E divides
BC in the ratio 2 : 1. Prove that
AF × BE = 2 AD × CF.

[Board 2015]
Solution
Solution
Q10. In the Fig, EB ⊥ AC, BG ⊥ AE and CF ⊥
AE
Prove that:
(a) ΔABG - ΔDCB
(b)

[Board 2015]
Q10. In the Fig, EB ⊥ AC, BG ⊥ AE and CF ⊥
AE
Prove that:
(a) ΔABG - ΔDCB
(b)

[Board 2015]
Q10. In the Fig, EB ⊥ AC, BG ⊥ AE and CF ⊥
AE
Prove that:
(a) ΔABG - ΔDCB
(b)

[Board 2015]
Solution