Question 4 In an experiment to determine the relationship between Temperature and the Oil yield, the following results were obtained: Temp. | 50 100 1200 250 ~~ -‘1 300 350. | °c Yield 130 65 130/130 | 90 | 200 ml a. Determine the linear coefficient of correlation for this data. b, . Determine the equation of the regression line of oil yield on temperature, assuming a linear relationship. The value of oil yield when the temperature is 175°C (15 Marks) SECTION C juestion (a) Derive the Laplace transform of the second derivative from the definition of a Laplace transform. (b) Use Laplace transforms to solve the differential equation 2 = 7 +10y =e +20, x given that when x = 0. y= Oana = + (¢) Prove that A?- 3A - 101 = 0, where. Ix a-(2 3 “lad Question6 ~~ (a) Derive the Laplace transform of the first derivative from the definition ofa Laplace transform. (1S Marks) (b) Determine the following: o'{ 1-4 (0) If Ax=x, where A=|0 31 12 4 Determine the corresponding eigenvector (1S Marks)CHOOL OF I ENGINEERING TECHNOLOG OEE ANT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING COURSK Cot COURSE. TITLE: ENGINEERING M, RET rene 1 PINE ALLOWED. 241 Question | 1 gure 1). A ine Jeveloped under th \ resin and x is the vielen ‘id _ ons of the p nth r ile that P unt rented ain | ‘lates, W ~ Recov v 120 | we f 6, ( en) bed] ir nt of Recovery System igure 1:SeWematie Dingraeee eee oy Oe eee DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING First Semester Exam for 2017/2018 Academic Session Course Title: Introduction to Chemical Engineering Calculation Course Code: CHE 318 Instructions: Answer ANY THREE questions. Time: 2 HOUR Question 1. (a) Explain or define the following terms: |.Recycle 2. Bypass 3.Purge. (b) Give one reason each why Recycle, Bypass and Purge are employed in a process. (c) Give a typical example each of a reaction or process where Recycle, Bypass and Purge are employed and state the reason for cach. (d) 20 mol/hr of a feed containing 60% Methane and 40% ethylene are feed into the feed tank of a process. Midway along the flow, a stream containing 100% ethylene is removed from the process while the remainder goes into a collecting tank. A bypass stream B, also connects from the feed tank to the collecting tank. If the output from the collecting tank contains 80% methane and 20% ethylene; i, What is the value in mol/hr of the output from the collecting tank ii, What is the value in mol/hr of the output collected midway which contains 100% ethylene. iii. | What is the value in mol/hr of the Bypass. (20 marks) Question 2. (a) 1000kg of Soya Beans, of composition 18% Oil, 35% Protein, 27.1% Carbohydrate. 9.4%, Fibre and Ash, 10.5% Moisture are: > Crushed and pressed, which reduces oil content in bean to 6%; > Then extracted with hexane to produce a meal containing 0.5% oil; » Finally dried to 8% moisture.FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, MINNA SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT FIRST SEMESTER 300 LEVEL BENG DEGREE TEST FOR 2014/2015 SESSION COURSE CODE & TITLE: CHE 315 Cyansport Phenomena I) CREDIT UNITS: 2 DATE: 01/04/2015 INSTRUCTION: Answer all questions TIME ALLOWED: 1 Hour UESTION ONE Estimate the viscosity of COp at 60 °C and 350 atmosphere. Using this value as a basis; predict the viscosity at 440 atmosphere. QUESTION TWO. Starting ikom the diffusion rates of absorption of a soluble gas A from a mixture with insoluble bas B, derive Stefan’s law. QUESTION THREE. Derive an expression for the mass rate of flow of a fluid flowing through a circular tube of 1ft Jong with an internal diameter 0.1 in. If the fluid flows at an inlet pressure of 80 psi and exit a pressure of 40 psi. Caiculate the viscosity in kg/m.s, given that the density and volumetric flow rate of the fluid are 1.261 g/cm’ and 0.00398 f°/min respectively. (assume v,= Vz (1), Ve = 0, and p= p(2), B.C.1: r= 0, ta= finite, B.C.2:r=R. v= 0)COURSE TITLE: Transport Phenomena Ill EXAM 2013-14 SESSION COURSE CODE: CHE 315 TIME: 2 Hrs COURSE UNIT: 3 INSTRUCTION: ANSWER ANY 1 AND ANY OTHER 2 1. (@) Starting from Maxwell’s law of diffusion, derive expression for Stefan’s law? (b) Ammonia is absorbed in water from a mixture with air using a column operating at | bars and 295K. Ata point in the column, the partial pressure of the ammonia is 7.0KN/m’. The resistance to transfer can be regarded as lying in a stationary gas film Imm thick. Ifthe diffusivity of ammonia in air is 2.36*10°%m’/s and the concentration of ammonia in the gas is 0.00285Kmol/m’. 10Mrks 10 Meks 2. (a) What do you understand by an inviscid fluid? 3 Mrks (b) Starting from a diagrammatic representation of a 3-D rectangular coordinate, derive the Euler expression for an inviscid fluid. 15 Mrks. 3 (a) What fluid property is responsible for the development of the velocity boundary layer? For what kind of fluids will there be no velocity boundary layer on the flat surface? 5. Mrks (b) Estimate the viscosity of the gas mixture made up of CO, and O2 with mole fraction of 0.7 and 0.3 respectively at 1atm and 20°C from the viscosities of the pure component at the same condition. Given that Heo, = 0.0146 + 10-g/ems at | atmand 20°C. Mco, = 44 = 0.0203 * 107*g/cms at | atm and 20°C. Mo, = 32 15 Mrks lewtonian fluid? Why? 5 Mrks (b) Consider two identical small glasses dropped into two identical containers, one filled with water and the other with oil. Which ball will reach the bottom of the container first? Why? SMrks. 4 (a) What is Newtonian Fluid? Is water 2 (©). A horizontal annulus is 27ft long. The outside radius of the inner cylinder is 0.495. inch which the radius of the outside cylinder is 1.Im. a 60% aqueous solution of sucrose (Ci2H22011) is to be pumped through the annulus at 20°C. The density and viscosity of the sucrose at this temperature are 80.31b/ft? and 136.8Ibm/ft.hr respectively if the volume rate is 0.108R3/sec, calculate the temperature pressire drop. (Hin: Q = 70 (ett) R*p[(1 — a4) - 7 Q@ 10 Mrks.FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY MI SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING CHC AND ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT FIRST SEMESTER 300 LEVEL B.ENG DEGREE TEST 2017/2018 SESSION Re obke TITLE: CHE 319 (Chemical Engineering Reaction Kinetics) DATE: 22/03/2018 INSTRUCTIONS: Time Allowed: 45 min Number of Questions: Attempt ALL Questions QI. The reaction of nitric oxide with hydrogen at 1280 °C is 2NO(g) + 2H, (9) > N2(g) + 2H,0(9) From the experimental data collected at this temperature which is presented in Table 1, determine: a. the rate raw b. the rate constant . ¢. the rate of reaction when [NO] = 12.0 x 10° Mand [Hz] = 6.0 x 10° M Table 1 Experiment {NO} OM) [Aa] OD Initial Rate (M/s) 1 5.0.x 10° 2.0x 10" 13x10" 2 10.0 x 10° 2.0x10" 5.0.x 10" 3 10.0 x 10° 4.0.x 107 10.0 x 10° Hint: Assume that the rate law takes the form Rate = k{NO}*[H2)” i i ked to write the net rates of -vel Chemical Engineering SIWES student was as i anion ote species involved in gas-phase reactions that took place simultaneously on a ‘metal oxide-supported catalyst: Reaction | 4+ 5B + 4C + 6D Tha = kalA][B?? Reaction? 24+15B +E +3D Taq = kzalANLB) Reaction 3 2¢ +B + 2F Tap = ksolC¥(B] Reaction 4 44 +6C = SE + 6D mrae = KaclCMA) Imagine yourself in the student's position; write the net rates of formation of the species.(18) Which of the following statements about the photochemical reactions is true? (A) the presence of light is the primary requirement for reactions to take plac effect on the rate of photochemical reactions (C) AG for photochemical spon ve (D) all of the above (iv) Photochemical activation is highly selective. This statement is (A) true (B) false (C) sometimes true (D) none of these (v) The reactions which are caused b: y heat and in absence of light are called (A) photochemical reactions (B) catalytic reactions (C) exotlfermic reactions (D) thermal or dark reactions Q4 (@) With the aid of suitable diagrams, describe theysbsdrpt (b) Explain how gas absorption principles on solids a (c) Write the rate expression for the formation of oC) -¢ (B) temperature has a very little taneous reactions may be +ve or — Orption process in Gas Chromatography (GC). utilized in gas chromatography operations. P) im a photolysis reaction given below NO:+hy = —-N@+0(P) (a) Which of the following gases is unsuitable for use as a Gas Chromatography carrier gas? Choose option (i)-(ii). (i) Nitrogen; (ii) Helium; (iii) Oxygen from ~ 95 Consider the aqueous reactions k- kz = 0.1/min AR, desired ac, 4 4 =1.00)°C$3, mol /iter.min AB at S, unwanted 1.0C17C3*, mol /liter.min For 90% conversions of A find the concent and B streams are fed to the reactor, Steam. Equal volumerri < and each stream has a concentratis Te Tae ofA the reactor follows (a) Plug flow (b) mixed flowCOURSE CODE & TITLE: CHE 329 (Polymer Process Engineering) CREDIT UNITS: 3 DATE: ,23/10/2017 INSTRUCTIONS: any four (4) questions Time Allowed: 3 hours Qu. @A 50 gram polymer sample was fractionated and the molecular weight determined by viscosity measur “joo00 “200000 4 {500 000 i) Assuming cach fraction is monodisperse, calculate the dispersity. (ii) In a separate experiment, the original polymer was found to have a Mn of 7000. Give at least one possible reason for any difference between this results and that calculated in part a. . (b) Certain factors need 10 be considered before a thermoplastics material is processed, regardless of whether it is injection moulding or extrusion moulding that is used. State them (15mks) 0 R2 Ya) Define euch of the following terms: (i) shear st Apparent viscosity (iv) Melt flow index io(b) Calculate the rate of evaporation, the rate of production of erystalfin TOs. the feed rates that the evaporator and the erystallizer must be designed to handle, and the recycle ratio (mass of recycle)’ (mass of fresh feed), (15 mks) 1 SECTION B i 14-52%; 0,-3% and Ny-I%. Determine the minimum quantity of air required for complete combustion of | kg of the sample. Find the compositicin of the toy | flue gases by volume i 5% excess air was sipplied (20 mks) Molar mass of C 2 and N.=28; Ave. Moi. Wt of ai 95 QS (a) What is the difference berween enthalpy of | Q4.A coal sample contains C-79% | on and enthalpy of formation reaction | . - mks) (Sb) Define the terms (i) calorific value (ii) excess air (2 mks) | (Se) Steam having an enthalpy of 2326 kl/kg flows steadily through a condenser with a velocity of 30 mis, If the condensate leaves with @ velocity of 0.4 m/s and an enthalpy of 150 ki/kg, dete the heat lost by the condenser per kilogramme of steam (10 mks) [i Pas Nin 10 mm = tom Tatm=101305kPa ” oem =1dm T atin = 14.696 Psii TPsia = 144 ba Haim = 760 mimllg TOT = Tod em = TmCUURSE VUE: Ce 2 ee ON Time Aliowed:2 hours 3¢ nunutes . : CREDIT UNITS: 2 INSTRUCTIONS: Answer all questions in Section A and any other two in Section B ‘Do not write on the Tables & Charts provided. Return back with the Examination Booklet SECTION A QUESTION ONE a) Calculate the steady-state mass flux jay of helium for the diffusion of helium through fused silica at 500°C. The partial pressure of helium is 1 atm at y = 0 and zero at the upper surface of the plate. The thickness Y of the pyrex plate is 102 mm, and its density is 2.6 g/cm>. The solubility and diffusivity of helium in pyrex glass are reported as 0.0084 volumes of gaseous helium per volume of glass, and 94y~ 0.2x107em7/s, respectively. (5 Marks) b) Estimate the viscosity of COz at 60°C and 750 atm. Using these values as the basis, predict the viscosity at 440 atm. <5 Marks) ae Predict «Dae for ap_equi a speoF Tey wih UHhe at 238.2K and 40 atm. Use the value of Dat? atm from Table 17 1-1, alongside with the charts. (5 Marks) QUESTION TWO _ State Buckin} jham pi theorem , a : , of an incompressible Newtonian fluid through a long smooth b. Consider a steady flow ni P walled, horizontal circular pipe- it Is required to meas : the pipe and find the number of non-dimensional parameters involve is desired to know the functional relation among these dimensionless parameters. (i) Express all the pertin' involved in the experimentation ent variables fi te in terms of the basic unit ; asic UN og pi terms required sure the pressure drop per unit length of .d in the problem. Also, itW,0.828) at | atm and 293K with pure component viscosities of 1462, 2031, and 1754 x 10% pascal- see, respectively. (10 Marks) b) Predict the thermal conductivity CCly at 20°C and 1 atm. The isothermal compressibility, (WpSp/p)r is 90.7 x 10% atm! and the density is 1.595 g/cm? given that K =1.03805 x 10°" ,N = 6.023 x 10? and “% =1 QUESTION FOUR a) (5 Marks) ‘The viscosity of isobutane at 23°C and atmospheric pressure is 7.6 x 10* pascal-sec Compare this value to that calculated by Chapman-Enskog approach (5 Marks) b) i) Compute the thermal conductivity of CH: at I atm and 27°C. ii) Use this value to estimate the thermal conductivity of methane at 160°F and 200 atm by Lenoir-Junk Comings chart. Take Crews = 8.5 (10 Marks) QUESTION FIVE a). With the aid of volume element diagram for flow in rectangular coordinates. Derived the continuity equation for conservation of mass b). A property is being transported by diffusion through a fluid at steady state. Ata given point | the concentration is 1.40 « 10* amount of property/ms and 0.71 « 107 at point 2 ata distance z2 = 0.40 m. The diffusivity 6 = 0.013 m?/s and cross-sectional area is constant. (i) Calculate the flux Derive the equation for [as a function of distance Calculate Pat the midpoint of the path. (i (15 Marks) QUESTION SIX a) An incompressible fluid flows in laminar flow past a flat plate. Assume that the plate is ‘ble to transfer heat and mass as well as momentum to the fluid. Find the non-zero terms in the appropriate balance equations. Figure | shows the geometry of system TEM case ot ances tee Fee eam ep Figure 1, Boundary layer flow past a flat plate. b) A flow in rectangular coordinates is given by U = i(x’y) + j(2yx?2). Is this flow compressible? (1S Marks)TECHNOLOGY CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT FIRST SEMESTER, 300 LEVEL B.ENG DEGREE EXAMINATION 2017/2018 SESSION COURSE CODE & TITLE: CHE 311 (Applied Mathematics for Chemical Engineers 1) CREDIT UNITS: 3 DATE: 02 May, 2018 Time Allowed: 2 hours INSTRUCTIONS: Answer four questions in alt with at least, one question from each section SECTION A ue (a) What do you understand by the following? (i) Differential Equations (Mark) (i) Order of an ordinary differential equation (ODE) (Mark) (ii)Degree of an order of OD! (Mark) (iv)Homogeneous ODE (2 Marks) (b) State the order of the differential €quation stated below and the Solve the equation 0 Marks) Question? Solve the following differential Equations (@ S2-s2+6y=2sinax (7 Marks) () fh 4 44 aay = de (eMarks) SECTION B Question ~ ‘A box contains 74 brass washers, 86 steel washers and 40 aluminium washers. Three washers fare drawn at random from the box. Determine the probability that: ‘a. All three are stee! washers, without replacement b. There are no aluminium washers drawn, when thiee washers are drawn at random from the box without replacement c. There are two brass washers and either a steel or an aluminium washer when three are drawn at random, without replacement. (15 Marks) eeereneeny.5 FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY MINNA \CHOOL OF INFRASTRUCTURE, PROCESS ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT FIRST SEMESTER 300 LEVEL B.ENG DEGREE EXAMINATION 2017/2018 SESSION COURSE CODE & TITLE: CHE 315 (Transport Phenomena I) DATE: 30/04/2018 Time Allowed:2 hours 30 minutes CREDIT UNITS: 2 INSTRUCTIONS: Answer all questions in Section A and any other two in Sec nB “Do not write on the Tables & Charts provided. Return back with the Examination Booklet SECTION A QUESTION ONE a) Calculate the steady-state mass flux jay of helium for the diffusion of helium through fused silica at $00°C, The partial pressure of helium is 1 atm at y = 0 and zero at the upper surface of the plate, The thickness Y of the pyrex plate is 10mm, and its density is 2.6 wlcm?. The solubility and diffusivity of helium in pyrex glass are reported as 0.0084 volumes of gaseous helium per volume of glass, and §o4y= 0.2x107em*/s, respectively. (5 Marks) Estimate the viscosity of CO> at 60°C and 750 atm. Using these values as the basis, predict the viscosity at 440 atm. (5 Marks) ©) Predict cDay for an equimolar mixture of Ne and C2He at 288.2K and 40 alm. Use the value of Day at | atm from Table 17.1-1, alongside with the charts, (5 Marks) ») QUESTION TWO a. State Buckingham pi theorem b. Consider a steady flow of an incompressible Newtonian fluid through a long smooth walled, horizontal circular pipe. it is required to measure the pressure drop per unit length of the pipe and find the number of ‘non-dimensional parameters involved in the problem. Also, it is desired to know the functional relation among these dimensionless parameters. (j) Express all the pertinent variables involved in the experimentation (ii) Express all the variable in terms of the basic unit (ii) Apply Buckingham theorem to decide the number of pi terms required Determine the pi terms (15 Marks):VQ4 (a) A reaction has the stoichiome * molecularity of the reaction? (b) Given the reaction INO» + 0.50: y equation A+B R. Wha is the order and \ ‘ 0 8205, what is the relation between the rates of formation and disappearance of the tree components of th reaction ‘\ gas phase reaction was opesated at 400 K with arate reported as ae Se = 3 860°F tinea . (1) State in which wnil is the rate constant expressed? Sho Gi’ hat is the value wf the rate Constant for this reaction ithe rate equation is expressed us mr, = CP, molten (15 marks) } The formation anit desomnpos'tion of phos nie Juss been Found te proceed as follows: as CO+Cl, = Coct, Forward reaction: regci, = ki [Ch ]*/?[ CO} Reverse reaction: ~r¢9¢i,= ka[Cla)}/*(COCl2] . (i) Is these rate expressions thermodynamically consistent? (ii) Determine which of mechanisms | or/and UJ is consistent with the experimentally found rates Meehanism I Cy S_ 2€l’ fast at equilibrium CE 4 ED COT fast at equilibviom COC + Cle SE COCL, + CU slow and sate eoutrali Mechanism fast at eqeihibrvany ly SH Cj fist at equal Cy + C0 F_ COC, + C1 stow and rave controling i (13) The conv 14S 10% s son of A to B ithe gas phase ig a Hisiewrder reaction swith a rate 60 + ay 300°C. {i) IE the ania! eoneentnation of * was 0.615 M, what isthe vy afcy one day? (a) Hoss Fung Qn he's take for the eoneea ve ire 0 6V2 NL 0.125 AA Cini Tews Tong ti p esateria? int ol maf Ato ney will ib take 1 convert 83% of the 7SbiS3 + 3Fe + 25b + 3F eS ke of iron turning are heated together to give 0.200 ke Suppose that 0.600 kg of Stibnite and 0. of Sb metal. Calculate (a) The limiting reactant (b) The percentage of excess reactant (c) The degree of completion (fraction) (d) The percent conversion (e) The yield (Hint: Take molecular weight of Fe, Sb to be 55.85 and 121.8 respectively) (20 mks) Question 4. If 300 Ib of air and 24 fb of carbon are fed into a reactor at 600°F and afier complete combustion no material remains in the reactor. If the equation of reaction is written as: C+0, 7 C0, (a) How many pounds of carbon will have been removed? (b) How many pounds of Oxygen will have been removed? (c) How many moles of carbon and oxygen enter? How many Ieave the reactor? (4) How many total moles enter the reactor and how many leave the reactor? (20 mks) Question 5. (a) An autoclave contains 1000 cans of pea soup It is heated to an overall temperature of 100 °C. If the cans are to be cooled to 4U °C: before leaving the autoclave, how much cooling water is required if it enters at 15°C and leaves at 35 °C? The specific heats ofthe pea soup and the can metal are respectively 4.1 kJ/kg °C and 0.50 kJ/kg "C. The weight of each can is 60g and it contains 0.45 kg of pea soup. Assume that the heat content of the autoclave walls above 40 °C is 1.6 x 104 kJ and that there is no heat loss through the walls. Let w = the weight of cooling water reyuired; and the datum temperature be 40 °C, the temperature of the cans leaving the autoclave. is found to consume 4 m3 /hr of natural gas with a calorific value of 800 (b) A textile dryer kJ/mole. If the throughput of the dryer is 60 kg of wet cloth per hour, drying it from 55% moisture to 10% moisture, estimate the overall thermal efficiency of the dryer taking into account the latent heat of evaporation only. Latent heat of evaporation = 2257 kJ/K. (20 marks)FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, MINI E uA INNA SCHOOL OF INFRASTRUCTURE, PROCESS AND ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING FIRST SEMESTER EXAMINATION 2017/2017 SESSION NEERING COURSE CODE: = MEE 312 COURSE TITLE: ENGINEERING ECONOM COURSE CREDIT: 3UNITS ue TIME ALLOWED: 2H0URS, INSTRUCTIONS: Answer questions 1 and 2 with any other two questions ). F y overheads cost Fixed selling overhead co: Variable manufacturing cost per unit_ Variable selling cost per unit { Selling price per unit — Using the above information to calculate a). break-even point in terms of sales and in units b). number of units that must be sold to eam a profit of #90,000. (20mks) ). An investment A cost #20,000 today and pays back #23,000 two years from now. Investment B cost #16,000 today and pays back #9,000 each year for two years. If an interest rate 5% is used, which alternative is superior? (20mks) 3). A deposit of #1500 was made into an account every 3months at an interest rate ~ of 6% per year compounding continuously, how much will be in the account at the end of years? (10mks) 4). A depreciable construction truck has a first cost of #8.5 million with #700,000 salvage value after 10years. Find a). depreciation ). book value after 3years using double decline balance (DDB) depreciation. (10mks) 5). A deposits of #20,000 at the interest rate 18% compounding annually for 10 * years. Find the maturity value after 10 years. (10mks) 6a). What is the equivalent effective interest of a payment plan whose annual interest is 12% compounded semiannually? ok b). What is the real effective annual interest rates per yearly, if an interest rate of 1.8% per month? (10mks)EDINA TINA. % ! NEERING DEPARTMENT RST S00 LEVEL B.ED 1G DEGREE EXAMINATION 2014/2015 § ‘SION | COURSE CODE & TITLE: CHE 319 (Chumicut Renetion Kinetics) | CREDIT UNITS: 3 DATE: 27/04/2015. + i INSTRUCTION: Answer any FOUR (4) questions ‘Time Allowed: 2'% bh Y QL. a) The reaction 24 + 3B — out in a reactor, Lata particular point the | rate of disappearance of A is 1 0 mol/dm’s, what are the rates of Band C? 2) {te rate of decomposition of azomethane (C2H,Na) was studied by partial pressure of the reactant as a function of time action and calculate the rate ct monitoring the Determine if the data below support a constant of the jo 200 250 [284 lw [30 Obicin an expression for the reaction half life for the first » Mow ean you use the halflife investigation to det incl and! third order termine the reaction order? 5 marks) ” \ Q2. a). ‘The reaction of nitvic oxice with hydrogen at {200°C is \ 2NO + 2Hy — Ny + 2H,0 (all components ave in gaseous stale) | From the following data, deter nine the rate kaw and rate constant? RUN | [NO], (M) [Ho}o (M) ! 0.0100 0.0100 0.0200 Taatial Rate (Minin) | 0.00600 0.0300 +} 0.144 [0.0100 ~~ Te200 0.0120 | | 1b) Distinguish between the kinetics of elementar 1 \ ¥ and non-elementary reactions. What basic Brineiple is applied in the study of the kinetics of non-elementary teacrion? ‘The irreversible reaction AF BAB has been Formation of product has been found t0 be well corel ae = KCG; use the following two-step reversible se actually seen and thought to be present only in small ud kinetically, w followin and the ra te of rae equation { me involving an iniermecdiate B3 not : ated by Amount 19 test the correspondence ‘ tnetween th ed and the predicted kinetie expression, ; Were A+B] 2 AB+E (OS marks) £22 fay Senko an eetaily the principles af gas alssonption solids and its i chropatdaraphy { i pplication to gost | (by Mth specific examples, cflerenbate heen alsviption andl athorpiian y Ce} Host and explain che lintons effect ‘i— . deetonmoulding process thea a (15mks) '@ ing the @)Ascuming that a ighdensity polyethylene (ADPE) plate of 10 mm 30°C. How lone ni 22 is cooled in a mould and the mould serface is at we sey One Ni it take for the temperature to reach 90°C at mid-plane (Mid-plaie x,, = / 9. Thermal conductivity (K) = 0.25, } Wim°C, Melt Density (p) = 780 Kg/m?, Heat capacity (C,) = 220042400 J . 1 * : 2300-75 Mid-plane xq = 10/) = smm = 0,005m Therefore, xq? (0.005)'m and for 0.3, the corresponding Fourie i = 0.58 (5 mks). | »)Gn an injection moulding machine 20 Kg of low-density polyethytene (LDPE) are moulded per hour. The melt temperature entering the mould ie 180°C and the mould temperature is maintained at 40°C by a cooling water System, Determine the amount of water reqitired to coo! the plastic and keep the mould at 400C, if the difference in input-output teruperatures of the water did not exceed to 5°C. Givens: C y= heat capacity of LDPE/specific heat of LDPE = 2300)/Kg°C: Number (Fo),thatis, Fi Cy of water = 4182 /Kg°C, AT = change in temperature; AlLf = heat of solidification (the heat of solidification for LDPE 200,000:1/K y which solidifies around 106°C) (5 mks) x ©Briefly explain viscous dissipation? Expli tly discuss how you would improve thermal conductivity of polymers? What is the units of'the thermal conductivity? (5 mis). a Qs (a) Béiefly explain any four physical (mechanical) properties of pdlymers you kaow? (2 ml). State-two major factors thst determines mechanical and thermal properties of polymers? eat —(b)Mention three important parameters that determines polymer properties? (3 niks). State the factor that is responsible for the extensive application and rapid growth of polymess?(1 mk: je —ae-p © OF the many steps’ involved in the production of polymer products. State the step that plays a pivotal roleén detsnnjaing the quality ofthe final produets (Lmk). / / e, ‘ sify hea * and viscous. dissipation in 1 d)In a Tabulsi "rm briefly classify‘heat transfer and viscous a e pears polyrs'es (3 mk), By tHe aid of a well labelled schematic diagram, | | il a at exists among the reactor variables, describe the intimate /‘elationships that exists among 1) 2 var rheological rvoperties, ‘processing variables, and physical/mcchanical properties of polymer products (3 mks). Soeich da edb pe ee ee (CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT. FIRST SEMESTER 300 LEVEL B.ENG DEGREE EXAMINATION 20162017 AMT session COURSE CODE & TITLE: CHE 319 (Chemical Engineering Kinetics | CREDIT UNITS: DATE: 24 042017 INSTRUCTIONS | | Time Allowed: 2") Hours Number of Questions: Auempt Four Questions | Pleomisrnes asta ccaa 4a | [Time niesy 230 [saa Pao TA], [oO ole) (b) (i) The table pete z Tntegrated ate fa Tate ea | eer hel Kd Jag = THA (b) Ata certain elevated temperature, amnonia decomposes on the surige oft wt SF SP z f The kins P (ambigy ~ J — Ie a ne re . 0c nical Uceomposition of I bscfptlons of UY High (D) reactions whieh proceed eECTION B ’ QUESTION THREE, 4) Estimate the viscosity of a gas mixture made up of CO: () 1.133); O2 (y=0.039); Ne (y $828) at | atm and 293K with pure component viscosities of 1462, 2031, and 1754 x 108 pascal- seo, respectively (10 Marks) +) Predict the thermal conductivity CCl, at 20°C and 1 atm. The isothermal compressibility, (Vp\Gp!Sp)r is 90.7 x 10% at! and the density is 1.595 g/cm? given that K =1.03805%10"" N= 6.023 x 10 and © 1 (5 Marks) QUESTION FOUR 4) The viscosity of isobutane at 23°C and atmospheric pressure is 7.6 x 10% pascal-sec. Compare this value to that calculated by Chapman-Enskog approac! (5 Marks) b) i) Compute the thermal conductivity of CHy at 1 atm and 27% ii) Use this value to estimate the thermal conductivity of methane at 160°F and 200 atm by Lenoir-Junk Comings chart, Take C (10 Marks) QUESTION FIVE. a). With the aid of volume element diagram for flow in rectangular coordinates. Derived the continuity equation for conservation of mass. b). A property is being transported by diffusion through a fluid at steady state, Ata given point | the concentration is 140 » 10? amount of propertyms and 0.71 » 107 at point 2 at a distance z2~ 0.40 m. The diffusivity 6 = 0.013 més and cross-sectional area is constant, (i) Catcutaiesne ts (ii) Derive the equation for F as a function of distance (iii) Calculate Pat the midpoint of the path. (15 Marks) QUESTION SIX. + a) An incompressible fluid flows in laminar flow past a flat plate. Assume that the plate is able to transfer heat and mass as well as momentum to the fluid. Find the non-zero terms in the appropriate balance equations. Figure 1 shows the geometry of system Figure 1, Boundary layer flow past a fat plate Saytimate the viscosity of the following gas mstuce at | atmos ‘0n the pure components at the same pressure and temperature Violecsar weght NM] Taso [3.00 oF Mole fraction D133 0039 0.8289 Species 1. COs 2.03 BNE ven that; Consider narvral convection involving mass wansler from a vertical plane wall to an adjacent Plaid. Use the Buekin, method to determine t variables significant io this problem {int The impor ath, ity, buoyant force, mass diffusivity, and mass tansfer coefficient) {8 Marks] 3 groups formed from the variables are. characteristic length, fuid density, Muid vise Jance cn ar .pvard viscous flow through a cylindrical annulus | sie element, derive the mass rate of Now of an incompressible liquid ins annular reg ' Hi) Storing with a momentum ber en two coaxial cylinders of radii xR and R (BOA sar“ KR y= 0, BC2 ar R= 0} [12 Marks} | QUESTION FOUR x a) {Compare the thermal conductivity K of CHa at! atm and 278C, [7 Marks} {Gi) Use the walt in to estimate the thermal conductivity ot mettione at 160°F (344 $4) ani 200 am [7 Marks} Given that, ‘ SRR , as).u le , en Ge OH Estimate joe for CO»-CO at 273K and 1am, Using Chapman Eekong (with deai Ssssurptions) Given thet, is Mar posi Ir oraseiir’ >cece rg ee em SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT FIRST SEMESTER 300 LEVEL B.ENG DEGREE EXAMINATION 2017/2018 SESSION COURSE CODE & TITLE: CHE 319 (Cher CREDIT UNITS: 3 INSTRUCTIONS: al Engineering Reaction Kinetics) DATE: 27/04/2018 ime Allowed: 2'4 hr Number of Questions: Atiemp!. ANY Four (4) Questions ONLY Qla. Derive and express graphically the imegrated equation of zero and first orde reactions (6 marks) QIb. The conversion of cyelopropane to propene in the gas phase is a first order reaction with a rate constant of 6.7 x 10-4 S-1 at S00" CH, CH, cyclopropane propeny 0.25 M, what is the concentration (. Af the initial concentration of eyclopropane way 0.25 M, what after 88 min? (3 marks) neg (id in 7 for the concentration of cyclopropane to decrease di), How long (in minutes) will i ) fom 025 M0018 (3 marks) (iii). How long (in minutes) will it take to of the starting materials? (3 marks) 1 the aid of a suitable diagram. explain exothermic and endothermic profile of Qza. With the aid of ple 3 reaction the activation energy of a Q2b. Derive the Arshenius equation that ean be used to determine 2: reaction by measuring the rate constant at 1wo temperatures, (6 marks) he activation energy of a first order reaction is $0.2 kifmol at 25 °C. At what 2c, The activation energy 2 a ° temperature will the rate constant double t tes S marks, Q3a. List and briefly explain five factors which influence reaction ra re ) aldehyde given as he rate of decomposition of acetal fe wm CH,CHO(g) + CH4(9) + CO(9) . at five different temperatures, and the data is summarized in the Table Seer 1) for the reaction by plotting the data, Note that the Determine the activation (in kJ/mol 43/2" order in CH3CI the new oluman in the tabl in nite the new unit of K of the first co tion is “3/2" of f 12 es 9(Co.) jo, Consider benzene liquid flowing in a reactor, determine the heat of vaporization af benzene at \ itsnormal baiting point by the ication ol the Clapeyron Fiquation (2.3) to the given Vapour- pressure Equation (2.1), In PS4€ (kPa) = 13.8594 ~ 472 F(K)=53.00 AM, = TMV Given the following data and cor: ations o26 [a 0 [03641316 13.8594 14,0045 | 59.95 14,0098 | 3103.01 | 53.36 (h-Heptane it Vata Vezsetenaes7 4) Be = 0.083 ~ 0.422 /T.'¢ 25) 139=-0.172/ 74? 06) | + BOS + were en questo P= ZO bow (15 marks) {Question 3] a. Consider Equation (3.1) . (oH) op Gr lar), dit =CpdT + Under what conditions does’the final term of Equation (3.1) becomes zer9? bb. Given the following reaction 4HCI (g) + O> (g) > 2Hz0 (g) + 2Ch (its expected we that you eValuate the standard heat of formation. Given that the standard heat of t AC (1-fe) formation 298.15 K ofits constituent composition are: HCI () is 92.307 kd, HrO(8) f e is -241.818 kJ, £ =F. What isthe standatd heat of combustion? Give an example Whats the standard heat of formation? Give an example ) ©. Whats the latent heat of pure substance? Give an example.ee a ae eS SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY _ CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT “ast SEMESTER 300 LEVEL B.ENG DEGREE EXAMINATION 2016/2017 SESSION “course copr & TITLE: CHE 115 ‘TRANSPORT PHENOMENA I CREDIT UNITS: 2 DATE: 27/04/2017 INSTRUCTIONS: Section B ‘Time Allowed: 2 hours 30 minutes ‘Answer question number ONE (1) under Section A and any other THIRESE (3) SECTION A QUESTION ONE A 8) Use the Buckingham’s-x method to transfer of forced convection in a tube determine the dimensionless group formed in the hea (1 Marks] en Poiseuille b) Derivé the Ha equation from a cylindrical shell of thickness Jr and length Fens Hr 0 ane) BC 2 ~ Ogos AGA ate Ry wend) | Sime so (©) Estimate the viscosity of COz at 60°C snd 350 atm [5 Marks} ef SECTION B Liars GI" 455 4 UESTION TWO é (@) Consider the steady state, incompressible flow of a Newtonian fuid (with eon: between two fat plates as shown in Figure 2a. The bottom plate moves, Of in the x-direction stant viscosity) with a linear velocity Vv re 1A: Velocity distribution in a steady state i. What are the appropriate no-slip conditions for this situation? UL. What isthe appropr {b) Start rom basic definitions of mass tansport, showy that yy sxyly =F20°C? Given th Gia. State the i Ext State ane pectively. Cale What would be the final temper el er ee, ng pairs of term: Luon represented belo i First law of thermodynas Joulate 48°, SH? and AG’ pontancous ar not. [Assuming that CaCOso) 7 CaO @ + CO; h 128-4 fi 3a. (i) Define the raté-af chemi (b). Consider a first order kinetic 1 ven that th products afte met x moldmn + Product Ais “a” moldm”, the co and the remaining at time “t Qa, We short notes on the following term: Gi Hh Gui) C ration of A that wa is (a-x) moldm”. Derive th 2 marks) (2 marks) 2 marks) the tran: kl (marks) mark (22 Mar 6 mark kine ks 6 marks)@ pagar ete be oe ae ffzctene notes OEP OE ee Wee OH 1 ee See OY ean a Pane “fore 1 apispoie Problems involving amounts with PP > CP, what are the two restrictions ~ when working out compounding accounts? (©) 9,000 is deposited in an account for 5 years at an interest rate of 1% per month, how ‘much money will be in the account if the interest rate Is compounded per quarter? Ei {a) The manufacturing process of a firm is stated as, Clx) = mx +b —_-for Total Cost and Rix) = mp —__. for Revenue Cost Determine the product number to make profit? {b) When the production graphs of C(x) and R(x) were plotted, the quantities m = 200; 1p =600; and b = 800 were obtained in thousand units, how many items will be sold to make profit? Q3 (2) When interest period is infinitely small and PP > CP, what must the limit be and the compounding continuously for 5 years, how much will be in the account? 26[@) What are Annual Interest Rates, Bonds, Compounding Interest and Simple Interest? . \ {b) An amount of N12,000 deposited earned simple interest for 8 months, yielding a total balance of N13,000. Determine the interest rate? | 25 (a) How is a nominal interest rate converted into an effective interest rate? (b) 10,00 ts deposited for 5 years at an interest rate of 1% per month. How much money | will be in the account if interest rate Is ‘compounded (i) monthly and (Ii) yearly? x ave .. ~y |een (1) Write a general balance equation on a conserved quantity (total ma: Particular species, energy, and momentum) in a-system (ii) Using the general (material) balance equation, write a balance on the population of a city given the following information: each year 80,000 people mave into a city, 75,000 people move out, 22000 are bom, and 19000 die, (2 mks) Gil) Give to advantages each ofthe following features in process uni(s): (a) Recycle stream (b) Bypass stream (c) Purge stream, " G mks) "Bo In a given data, 30% of a component A is converted to B ona single piss through the reactor. Calculate the value of recyc}e R on the basis of 100 moles of fresh feed, P. Fresh feed 6 Reactor (A —+8} > Product, » 100% a 100% 8 Recycle R/20086 & (8 mks) Q4 The flowchart of steady —state stream process to recover crystalline potassium chromate (KC104) from an aquedus solution of this salt is shown below: (K= KaCrO., W= water, MiG= 1...,6) = mass flow rates) stor set san sa oleh “en Evaporator * 7} Ceystatizer ban | xno ‘pa | 5 5.7 %W (an) tig fed 354% x|s0bton) inate (recycle) 2:35.44 4, 6 BW ee0.789 (S marks) Q3e. Consider the following set of reactions: Reaction | 4NIly + 6NO ~ SNz + GIO iwolNHs|[NO]?S Reaction2 — 2NO + Ny + 0, x, {NO}? Reaction3 Nz + 20, + 2NO, =o, = Kyo,|NyIlOz)? Write the rate law for each species in tion and then write the net rates of formation ‘of NO, Op and N: (S marks) Q4a. State and explain the laws of photochemistry Write the rate expression for the formation of OCP) in a photolysis reaction given below NO; +hy ——*NO+00P) Qa, Mention THREE types of photochemical reactions and site equations forthe photolysis of hydrogen bromide. Compare and contrast phe thermochemical reactions Q4e. State the advantages and the disadvant of using # gas chromatography (GC) Using illustrations show how the type of column used during GC analysis will affect fhe separation of the analyte ino various components (Smarks) Q5a._ Explain the concept of liquid absorption? With the aid of suitable diagrams. describe the absorption process in. Gas Chromatogr phy (GC) and explain how gas absorption principles on solids are utilized in gas ch matography operations. Qs. In GC operations, what isan FID and how does it work? What pes of analytes does the FID respond to? And why do capillary columns predominate in analyteal GC Se. A scientist is tying to optimize a new method to derivatize fatty asids 1 Fay acid mmathy| esters (AMES) which occurs in a methanol solvent, Since an unoptitmized vnethod will result in some fraction ofthe faty acids not being derivatized, itis important to remove unreacted faty acids from the FAMEs. IP using liquid liquid aevpnatign to remove FAMES to a hexane solvent, deseribe whether you would want ‘ound water or methanol as the polar solvent and buffered (0 what pH. Fast acids have pk values of around 5 and FAMES are fairly ron-polar but more pola than save, Hexane is immiseible with both water and methanol, Explain your answer a arks)