Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Hotel
Hotel
ters
Chapters.
1 Accommodation p. 03
2 Reservation p. 21
3 Check-in p. 41
4 Hotel Policies p. 65
5 Hotel Staff p. 84
8 Checkout p. 147
Part 1.
Video Script Traveling is great! But before actually leaving, finding a place to stay is an
important part of your travel plans. There are many options, as you know.
That’s why it is very important to know exactly what you need and explore the
possibilities. In this new chapter, we will show you how to choose the best option
for you. As usual, you will also learn some language topics that will help you
improve your English.
Now, look at the script of Accommodation.
ACCOMMODATION
But when I’m traveling on the road and maybe going from city to city, I
like to maybe stay in an inn or a motel. Because it’s kind of cozy, and it has
that home feeling, you know? And it’s just easier, so I’ll show you some of
those, OK?
So, guys, this is your typical inn. It’s like a cozy little bed and breakfast. And
it’s usually centrally located. In terms of price, though, if you were going to
stay here for six nights, you would probably be paying over six hundred
dollars for the six nights, which, to me, is a lot of money.
But if I really wanted to find something that was going to be my style, you
know? I would probably look into short-term vacation rentals. Because
then you can get a whole house for yourself. And usually they’re either
located in a nice residential area or somewhere close to the beach. And
you’ve got shops, drugstores, supermarkets, everything close by. So you
have all the amenities that you would need. Oh, look at this! Wow! I just
can’t wait! It’s going to be awesome!
ACOMODAÇÕES
Part 2.
Vocabulary
Planning a trip involves considering all the necessary details to ensure a pleasant stay and avoid
headaches. First of all, you have to choose a destination. After that, it is time to think about the
kind of accommodation you would like. In order to choose wisely, you should think about the
purpose of your trip:
In addition to these expressions you have just seen, the word travel can also be used as a verb.
Let’s take a look at some examples:
As you can see, in these examples we used the verb to travel in the -ING form.
There are many options and things to consider when choosing an accommodation.
The three first things to consider are:
The purpose of the trip combined with those three items play a
significant role when it comes to looking for types of accommodation
or types of lodging, which is another way to say accommodation.
Now let’s analyze some different kinds of lodging.
Take a look at these examples with some information you should know about hostels:
Dorms are usually divided into female and male, with up to twelve people.
Os dormitórios geralmente são divididos entre feminino e masculino, com até doze pessoas.
But if you value both comfort and privacy and are willing to pay more for that,
then you should look for 3-star hotels and above. You will find a wide variety of
rooms, views, and bed sizes, which you will choose among the following:
B E D S I Z ES
Here is some other information you should know about hotels and their rates:
Hotel rates also vary according to the type of room, view, and bed size.
As diárias de hotéis também variam de acordo com o tipo de quarto, a vista e o
tamanho da cama.
Now you know the types of accommodation and their characteristics, as well as how to choose
the most appropriate accommodation for your trip.
Part 3.
Vocabulary
A. Number the columns according to the translation of the words.
Activities
c) Is it a tourism ?
d. Hostels
b. on business e. Dorms
Part 4.
Grammar
After learning some important vocabulary about the different kinds of
accommodation, it is the moment to explore some of the grammar topics that
have appeared in this chapter. In this section, we are going to explore some uses
of the verb verb to be.
We have already talked about the importance of thinking about the purpose of
your trip before choosing the best accommodation for you. This is the question
we ask when we want to know this type of information. Take a look:
Let’s pay special attention to the verb is. As you probably know, this is one of the
conjugations of the verb to be in the present. And we can use to be to refer to a
permanent or temporary state.
The verb to be is very frequent in English, and it has several functions. Both its
conjugation and the sentence structure are unique when compared to other verbs
in English; that’s why it is so important to understand it well.
Let’s start by talking about some uses of the verb to be. Take a look at the
examples:
CHARACTERISTICS
Características
We can use this verb to talk about characteristics. In the example, popular is a
characteristic of hostels.
OCCUPATION
Profissão
I am a teacher
Albergues são populares entre pessoas que viajam sozinhas.
LOCATION
Localização
AGE
Idade
There are three variations of the verb in the present: am, is, and are. What determines
the one you will use is the subject of the sentence. Take a look:
As you can see, each person will determine the variation of the verb to be that is
supposed to be used.
In the negative form, we just add not right after the verb to be. So, the general
structure is:
I am not a student.
Eu não sou aluno(a).
In the previous examples, the verb does not form a contraction with the particle not.
When that happens, there is emphasis on the negative idea.
In everyday English, the contracted form of the verb + not is quite common. For example:
The contracted form is not commonly used for the first person singular. We normally use
the full form instead.
The general structure of the interrogative form is:
As you can see, the interrogative form is very simple. We simply swap the subject
with the verb to be in the sentence. The complement remains in the same position.
Take a look at some examples:
Is it a family trip?
É uma viagem em família?
This sentence does not refer to a characteristic, an occupation, location, or age. The
main action in this sentence is studying. Nonetheless, the verb to be (are) is placed
right before the main verb.
This structure is called present continuous, and it indicates an action in progress in
the present. Have a look at its basic structure in the affirmative form:
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
In this structure, the verb to be works as an auxiliary verb, and the main verb,
the one that indicates the action in progress, is in the -ING form.
Have a look at the basic structure for the negative form:
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
NEGATIVE FORM Subject + Verb To Be + + NOT + Main Verb in the -ING Form
Sujeito + Verbo To Be + NOT + Verbo Principal na Forma -ING
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
Negative Form
In this case, we have the subject we, then the verb to be (are + not,
or aren’t), followed by the main verb study in the -ING form, and
the complement.
The interrogative form follows the same structure of the verb to
be in the present, that is, we swap the verb to be with the subject:
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
For example:
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
Negative Form
As you can see, the verb to be starts the question, followed by the
subject and the main verb in the -ING form.
To sum up, in this lesson you have learned that when the verb to be is the main verb, we are
usually talking about occupation, location, characteristics, or age, and that its use may indicate
either a temporary or permanent state.
But when we use it in the present continuous, the verb to be is just an auxiliary verb. The main
verb is the one that carries meaning, and it will always come with the suffix -ING to describe an
action in progress, that is, something that is happening in the present.
For more details on this topic, check the Grammar Guide section at the end of your book.
GRAMMAR GUIDE
Part 5.
Grammar
A. Match the sentences with the idea they convey.
Activities
( 2 ) Occupation ( 4 ) Age
b) ( ) I am a teacher.
Eu sou professor.
c) ( )W
e are studying English.
Nós estamos estudando inglês.
B. Fill in the blanks with the correct word(s) according to the translation.
b) We English.
Nós estamos estudando inglês.
c) We Japanese.
d. Is
Activity B – Answers
e) T hey on a business trip.
re not studying /
aren’t studying
Eles não estão em uma viagem de negócios.
b. are studying
f) a student.
a. is
c. a
Eu não sou aluno(a)
Activity A –
a. 3 / b. 2 /
c. 5 / d. 4 /
Answers
e. 1 / f. 3
Notes
Part 1.
Video Script You already know the purpose of your trip, and now you can start looking for
the best accommodation for you. You should think about comfort, privacy, and,
of course, your budget. Making reservations online is usually a nice idea, but it
is important that you know how to use the platform to filter your options and
make your search easier. In this chapter, we will give you some tips on how
you can do that. And you will also learn some useful structures to help you
improve your English.
Now look at the script of Reservation.
RESERVATION
So, let’s see what they have to say about the Suites Valencia. Oh,
this looks like a good review! “Very pleased with this hotel, would
recommend it to everyone.” OK, so “very pleased” means they were
super happy with everything about the hotel, and they got upgraded!
Oh my God! An upgrade is the best! When you go to a hotel and they
offer you an upgrade, that means they’re giving you a better room than
what you reserved! So I like that!
They’ve got fast wi-fi; that’s important. So you can stay in touch with
your friends and family. Oh, but the breakfast menu was small. So, that
means that there wasn’t a lot of options to choose from for breakfast.
But, that’s OK, because they’re in a great location, so you could just go
out for a meal. You know, I think I’m going to reserve the Suites Valencia.
So, our next step is to make reservations!
Another thing that’s really important to think about is where your room
is located. So, do you want a view of the pool maybe? Or maybe the
mountains? Or do you want to be facing the street? All those things are
pretty important to think about when you’re making a hotel reservation.
So, you can see here: for 6 nights, it’s going to cost me US$1,224.00.
But there are taxes! And, in the U.S., taxes are always separate from
the price that you’re going to pay for something. So, when you pay for
a meal, perhaps, or even when you’re booking a hotel, the price that
you see is only the price for that particular thing. So, in this case, this is
just the price for the room. When you check out, then you get to see all
the extra taxes that you have to pay. So, there are things like city tax,
tourism tax, service tax, and that all adds up. With that in mind, I’m
going to go ahead and reserve this hotel room.
RESERVAS
Part 2.
Vocabulary
In the last chapter, we talked about the importance of defining the purpose of your
trip before choosing the most appropriate type of lodging. If you go to a tourist
destination, like LA, NY, or Miami, there will be way too many options. Let’s take a
look at a list of questions that may help you decide:
How many people are staying in the room? How long are you staying at the hotel?
Quantas pessoas vão ficar no quarto? Por quanto tempo você vai ficar hospedado?
What are the facilities and amenities you would like the hotel to have?
Quais instalações e comodidades você gostaria que o hotel tivesse?
With the answers to these questions, you can use a search filter and narrow down your
options. When doing your research, use the filters for location, number of people per room,
check-in and checkout dates, and the facilities and amenities you would like the hotel to have.
Parking
Serviço de estacionamento
If you intend to rent a car, you will want to find a hotel that offers parking services. In
some cities like Orlando, Miami, and Atlanta, hotels usually offer free parking to their
guests. And you can filter your search using these exact words: free parking.
Here’s another amenity you may want to consider:
O PT I O N S FO R C H I L D R E N
Babysitter
Babá
After choosing the main features, location, and facilities, analyzing prices,
and reading reviews, it is time for you to make up your mind and proceed
with the reservation.
This is what you will be asked to inform:
I N FO R M AT I O N R E Q U I R E D FO R R ES E RVAT I O N S
Number of nights
Número de diárias
The number of adults and children will probably be in different fields, since many
hotels don’t charge for children up to a certain age. They are just placed in the same
room as their parents.
After that, you will decide on the type of room, the bed size, and the view. As we
have already seen, a room usually considers the number of occupants or the size of
the bed. In this case, these could be your options:
T Y P ES O F RO O M S
Some hotels use the names queen room and king room, because they are usually bigger than
standard rooms, and this already indicates the bed size.
Concerning bed sizes, besides single, double, queen-size, and king-size beds, you can also
find these options:
T YPES OF BEDS
Finally, you will choose the view that best fits your budget, since it also affects the
price of the room. Here are some of the most popular options:
T Y P ES O F V I E WS
Now you’re ready to narrow down the hotel options based on the purpose of your
trip. You also know how to evaluate ratings and make an online reservation.
Part 3.
Vocabulary
A. Number the columns according to the translation of the words.
Activities
B. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate word according to the translation.
b) Close to .
Perto do centro da cidade.
c) Near .
d. amenities
d) W hat are the facilities and you would like the hotel
to have?
b. downtown
a. breakfast
9/1/8/6/2/3
Part 4.
Grammar
In this chapter, we are going to talk about adjectives, the comparative form, and the
superlative form.
Adjectives are used to describe or qualify things, people, places, animals, etc. Therefore,
they refer to nouns or to pronouns, which are used to replace nouns in a sentence.
Let’s see some examples.
When we say as beautiful as, we convey the idea that both cities
are equally beautiful. That is, we express an idea of equality. Notice
that we use the verb to be to help express that opinion. The basic
structure to express equality is:
EXPRESSING E QUALIT Y
AS + ADJECTIVE + AS
Here we use the structure we have just seen to say that both rooms are
comfortable, and that they are both the same when it comes to comfort too.
Observe that to be is once again the main verb of the sentence.
One more example:
Here we are comparing two hotels considering cleanliness and saying that both
are equally clean.
So far, all the comparisons have been about equality. But when we want to say
that one thing is superior when compared to something else, we will have to use
the comparative of superiority.
The structure is different from that of the comparative of equality, and it will
depend on the type of adjective that we are working with. So, in order to
understand that, we need to separate the adjectives into two groups: short and
long adjectives.
Let’s consider the group of short adjectives first. They are adjectives
with one syllable or adjectives with two syllables ending in Y.
Take a look at some examples:
S H O RT A DJ E CT I V ES
Dirty Busy
Sujo(a) Ocupado(a)
For this group of adjectives, the comparative of superiority works like this:
COMPARATIVE OF SUPERIORIT Y
As you can see, we add -er at the end of short adjectives. In the case the short
adjective ends in Y, we drop the Y and add -ier. The complete structure ends
when we add the word than, which is followed by the second element that we
are using to compare with the first. For instance, in the previous example, we are
comparing motels to hotels. So we use than when we name the second object
of comparison.
The structure is going to be different with the group of long adjectives. They can be adjectives
with two syllables not ending in Y, and with three or more syllables. Let’s see some examples:
LO N G A DJ E CT I V ES
Comfortable Spacious
Confortável Espaçoso(a)
Sophisticated Appropriate
Sofisticado(a) Apropriado(a)
As you can see, comfortable is considered a long adjective. We do not add any
syllables to it. Instead, we use more before the adjective, and keep the word than
right after it, for we are naming the second room to which we are referring.
Let’s see another example:
Since the adjective spacious is a long one, we used the structure more spacious
than to compare the king room to the queen room.
So, you have learned that we use the comparative form whenever we want to
compare two elements. But if we want to compare one thing to all of the others in
the same category, then we will need to use a different structure: the superlative
form.
To understand how the superlative form works, let’s continue dealing with two
groups of adjectives: short and long ones. For the short ones, the superlative form
will have the following structure:
As you can see, we must add a suffix to short adjectives as well, but this time
we will add -est or -iest, and the definite article the before the adjective. Let’s
see the examples:
Notice that the cheapest means that no other hostel in town costs less than
the Greenleaf. And in the sentence, there’s in town, which tells us that we are
comparing this hostel to all of the others in the same city.
Take a look at this next example:
Here we’ve used pretty, a short adjective ending in Y. So, in the superlative form,
we drop the y and add iest to form the superlative.
Now, with long adjectives, we do not add a suffix. Look at the structure:
As you can see, we just use the most before long adjectives to form
the superlative. Check out some examples:
As you can see, sophisticated and appropriate are long adjectives, so all we
have to do to form the superlative is use the most before them
So far, we have seen the structures of the comparative of superiority and the
superlative of short and long adjectives. But some adjectives do not follow the
same pattern—they have irregular comparative and superlative forms. There are
only a few cases, and, among the most frequent ones, we will highlight three.
Take a look:
From my point of view, the Blue Lake is the best hotel in town.
No meu ponto de vista, o Blue Lake é o melhor hotel da cidade.
So, in this lesson we have talked about adjectives and the structures we use in the
comparative and superlative forms. For more about these topics, go to the Grammar
Guide section at the end of your book.
GRAMMAR GUIDE
Part 5.
Grammar
A. Mark the options that best explain the function of the structures in bold.
Activities
e) The king room is more spacious than the queen room. ( 1 ) comparative of superiority
O quarto com a cama king é mais espaçoso do que o quarto com
( 2 ) comparative of equality
a cama queen.
B. Fill in the blanks with the correct word(s) according to the translation.
e. the cheapest
f. as clean as
d. the best
d) From my point of view, the Blue Lake is hotel in
town.
No meu ponto de vista, o Blue Lake é o melhor hotel da cidade.
Activity B – Answers
c. more comfortable
e) T he Greenleaf Hostel is in town.
a. cheaper
b. busier
O Albergue Greenleaf é o mais barato da cidade.
Activity A – Answers
f) T he Hills Inn is the Beverly Hotel.
d. 1 / e. 1 / f. 2
a. 1 / b. 2 / c. 2 /
O Hills Inn é tão limpo quanto o Beverly Hotel.
Notes
Part 1.
Video Script So you have picked your hotel, made your reservation, and now it is time for you to check in.
There are still a few things you should know before you get to the front desk, though. In this
chapter, we will give you some useful tips, so you can easily go through this process, from
arriving at your hotel to getting to your room. Besides that, as usual, you will also learn some
important structures that will help you improve your skills.
Now look at the script of Check-in.
CHE CK-IN
[Voice over]
Carla:
And here I am! I’ve just landed in Los Angeles, and I’m on my way to the
hotel! I did my research, read some reviews, chose the most appropriate
hotel according to my travel plans, made my reservation, and now it’s
time to check-in! Let’s go for it!
Carla:
Hi, I’m Carla Sanchez, I have a reservation.
Carla:
Yeah!
Carla:
I have a reservation code if you need it.
Carla:
I am.
Carla:
Oh, yeah! I love that picture!
Carla:
Well, I’ve already paid everything in advance.
Carla:
Well, what are incidentals?
Carla:
Oh, OK. Here you go.
Carla:
I trust you!
Carla:
No, I’m okay.
Carla:
But you want me to leave my luggage here?
Carla:
Okay, alright.
Carla:
Okay, I trust you, Katie!
Carla:
Thank you!
Carla:
Bye-bye!
[Voice over]
Carla:
Having a reservation really makes things easier and faster at the check-
in. I had my reservation code with me, which we should always keep
at hand. But since it was under my name, I didn’t even have to use the
code! I confess that the incidentals took me a little bit by surprise. I was
not fully aware that the hotel would ask for an authorization to hold on
to my credit card at the check-in. Procedures...Let’s take a look at the
bedroom now!
CHE CK-IN
[Em off]
Carla:
E aqui estou! Acabei de pousar em Los Angeles, e estou a caminho do
hotel! Eu fiz minha pesquisa, li algumas resenhas, escolhi o hotel mais
apropriado para meus planos de viagem, fiz minha reserva, e agora é a
hora de fazer o check-in! Vamos lá!
Carla:
Olá, meu nome é Carla Sanchez, e eu tenho uma reserva.
Carla:
Sim!
Carla:
Eu tenho o código da reserva, caso você precise.
Carla:
Sim.
Carla:
Sim! Eu amo essa foto!
Carla:
Mas eu já paguei tudo adiantado.
Carla:
Bem, o que seriam essas despesas extras?
Carla:
Ah, OK. Aqui está.
Carla:
Eu confio em você!
Carla:
Perfeito!
Carla:
Não, não preciso.
Carla:
Mas você quer que eu deixe minhas malas aqui?
Carla:
OK, muito bem.
Carla:
OK, estou confiando em você, Katie!
Carla:
Muito obrigada!
Carla:
Tchau, tchau!
[Em off]
Carla:
Ter uma reserva facilita as coisas no check-in! Eu tinha meu código de
reserva comigo, que devemos sempre ter à mão! Mas, como a reserva
estava em meu nome, eu nem tive que usar o código! Eu confesso que
as despesas extras me pegaram um pouco de surpresa. Eu não estava
completamente ciente de que o hotel iria pedir uma caução no meu
cartão de crédito durante o check-in. Faz parte...
Part 2.
Vocabulary
Once you get to the hotel, you should proceed to the reception or front desk; that is
where you will check-in. In general, here is what happens then:
G R E E T I N G S / C U M P R I M E N TO S
Tell the front-desk clerk your reservation code and/or name and present your documents.
Dê o código da sua reserva ou seu nome ao(à) recepcionista e mostre seus documentos.
Good evening.
Boa-noite.
Remember that Good night and Good evening are both used at night, but Good
night is only used as a farewell. For example, if you are going to bed and you are
saying goodbye, then you say: Good night or Have a good night.
The person working at the front desk is usually called front-desk clerk, and here is
what you will probably hear from them:
If you wish, you can inform your name right afterwards. So you could say:
If you don’t inform the name on the reservation right away, the clerk
will probably ask you:
The name might be a little different from what Americans are used to
hearing, so they may ask you:
As soon as the clerk finds your reservation, either by your name or by the reservation
code, they will check the information and confirm it with you.
They will say something like this:
Mr. Lopes, you have a reservation for an executive suite for five nights. Is that correct?
Senhor Lopes, o senhor tem uma reserva para uma suíte executiva por cinco noites. Está correto?
In some hotel chains in the U.S. and around the world, the clerk will
ask for a credit card number upon check-in for incidentals.
Incidentals are just additional expenses you might have during your stay, like
pay-per-view movies or room service—it works as a guarantee to cover extra
services or even damage to the property. Even if you have already paid for your
reservation, this is a standard check-in procedure, and the clerk will probably tell
you something like this:
They will tell you which network you should use, then the username, and finally, the
password. For example:
The username is your last name, and the password is your room number.
O nome de usuário é o seu último sobrenome, e a senha é o número do quarto.
You can access the internet with your room number and your last name.
Você pode acessar a internet com seu número de quarto e seu último sobrenome.
Another topic that might come up during check-in concerns the use of the parking
lot. If you plan to rent a car, you will need parking services. Some hotels offer free
parking to their guests; others don’t. So, it’s advisable to check it while making your
reservation. You can also ask during the check-in. You can say:
The question could also come from the clerk. Take a look:
You should also ask about breakfast. If you are not sure, ask about the time and
place where breakfast is served. Concerning the time, you can ask:
Depending on the facilities available at the hotel, there are all kinds
of questions you could ask the clerk during the check-in, or at any
other moment, such as:
If you are lucky, you could also get some upgrades for your stay. Upgrades are
a benefit sometimes offered by hotel-chain reward or loyalty programs or even
through credit-card reward programs. It is something you can request upon
check-in.
First, you should check the hotel website for the possible upgrades.
Then you can ask the clerk:
Upgrades won’t always be possible, so be ready to get a negative answer such as:
Can you repeat that, please? I’m sorry, I didn’t understand what you said.
Você pode repetir, por favor? Desculpe, eu não entendi o que você disse.
Finally, after getting all the information you need, this is what you might
hear if the hotel has a bellboy or bellhop service:
Now you know step by step how to proceed during the check-in at the hotel, as well as common
interactions that may happen throughout this process.
Part 3.
Vocabulary
A. Number the columns according to the translation of the words.
Activities
( 5 ) Farewells ( 11 ) Key ( )Á
rea de ( ) Cartão de crédito
estacionamento
( 6 ) Incidentals ( 12 ) Credit card ( ) Chave
( ) Cumprimentos
B. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate word according to the translation.
caução.
Activity A –
Answers
Part 4.
Grammar
In this chapter, we are going to talk about the simple present, see some spelling
rules related to this verb form, and the modal verbs can and could.
Let’s start with the simple present. We have already seen the verb to be in
the simple present. It is the most irregular verb in English, with a very specific
conjugation. Now we will study other verbs in the simple present.
The basic structure with other verbs in the affirmative form is the following:
For example:
There’s the subject I, the main verb have, and the complement, which is the rest
of the sentence. Notice that the verb conjugation is pretty simple: we use have,
just like the base form of the verb.
Take a look at this next sentence:
Now the subject is we, then we have the main verb serve followed by the
complement. There is the idea of routine here, for the hotel always serves breakfast
from 6 to 11 a.m. Remember that the simple present is used to talk about routine,
habits, and facts.
When we use the third person singular, he, she or it, there is a slight change in the
conjugation of the main verb: depending on the ending of the verb,
we add -s, -es or -ies. Take a look:
The housekeeper is who we are talking about, which is equivalent to the pronouns
he or she, the third person singular. So we add -s to the main verb: cleans.
Let’s look at another example:
Here the subject is the hotel, which will be replaced by it, since we use he or she
only for people. It is also the third person singular, so we must add -s to the verb: it
becomes offers.
Note that even though the verb conjugation changes, the sentence structure remains
the same: subject + main verb + complement.
Let’s see the verb conjugation in the simple present in the affirmative form using the verb
clean as an example:
S I M P L E P R ES E N T / V E R B CO N J U G AT I O N
SINGULAR PLURAL
I clean We clean
You clean You clean
He / She / It cleans They clean
So, we have clean, the base form of the verb, for every person, except for the third
person singular: he, she, it. For them, the inflection is cleans.
For the negative form, we need to add an auxiliary verb and not. Let’s take a look at
the basic structure of the negative form in the simple present:
As you can see, both sentences have the same kind of structure. We can use the full form do not
or the contracted form don’t. In general, we use the contracted form unless we want to emphasize
the sentence.
Now, when the subject of the sentence can be replaced by either he, she, or it,
we have to use the conjugation of the third person singular. In such cases, we
conjugate the auxiliary verb, so we will use does, and the main verb remains in
its base form. Look:
In both sentences, we can see that the subjects are in the third person singular. In
the first case, the swimming pool can be replaced by it. In the second case, the
receptionist can be replaced either by he or she.
The auxiliary verb must be conjugated, so we have does + not or doesn’t. The main
verbs are in their base form, without the -s. Note that all of the previous examples
in the negative form share the same sentence structure. The only difference is the
conjugation of the auxiliary verb.
Now let’s check out the interrogative form of the simple present:
So, in the interrogative form, the basic structure starts with the
auxiliary verb, which can be Do or Does, depending on the subject.
Then, there’s the main verb in its base form, and finally the
complement. For example:
As you can see, in the first example the subject is you, so the auxiliary
verb must be do. In the second example, however, the subject is the
hotel, which is equivalent to it. So the auxiliary verb must be does.
The verb do does not have any meaning when it’s used as an
auxiliary. But that changes when it is the main verb. Take a look at the
examples:
DO (MAIN VERB)
Here, do is the main verb and it is the action in the sentence. So, in this case, it
carries a meaning.
Now, to make the negative and the interrogative forms in the simple present
when the main verb is do, it will be necessary to use do as an auxiliary verb. Look:
Do appears twice in these sentences, and that is okay. As an auxiliary verb, it only
helps to form the structure and it has no meaning of its own, but as the main verb, it
adds meaning to the sentence.
Unlike the auxiliary verb do in the simple present, there is another kind of auxiliary
verb that when combined with the main verb will actually add a new meaning to the
structure: the modal verbs.
Can and could, for example, are modal verbs that can add to the sentence the
idea of possibility. That’s why they are used to make requests, that is, to ask if
something is possible.
This is the general structure of questions with modal verbs:
Here we are asking if it is possible for the person to perform the action.
It is a polite way to make a request. Note that we also use please
Now check out this example with could:
The modal verb could also expresses the idea of possibility, but it is slightly more
formal than can. Note that the sentence structure does not change, as we only
replace can with could.
Can and could are good options when we want to make requests. It is also
important to highlight that when we use modals as auxiliary verbs it doesn’t
matter whether the subject is singular or plural. The sentence structure and the
conjugation will always be the same.
But pay attention. When making requests, either asking for permission or favors,
we will usually ask questions in the first or second person, that is, with the
subjects I or you. Take a look:
M A K I N G R E Q U ESTS
In this chapter, you have learned that the simple present can be used to talk about
routine, habits, and facts. And if you want to make requests, use can or could.
For more details on this topic, go to the Grammar Guide section at the end of your book.
GRAMMAR GUIDE
Part 5.
Grammar
A. Choose the option that best describes the function of the sentence.
Activities
B. Fill in the blanks with the correct word(s) according to the translation.
f. cleans
d. do
Os funcionários fazem o seu melhor.
a. 2 / b. 2 / c. 1 /
d. 1 / e. 1
Notes
Part 1.
Video Script You already know many things about hotels. But there is still one very important aspect you
should consider: the hotel policies. They may vary from place to place, but the most relevant
ones are usually the same wherever you go, especially in the U.S. So, in this chapter, we will
show you the most important ones, and you will also learn some nice structures to help you
improve your English.
Now look at the script of Hotel Policies.
HOTEL POLICIES
Bellboy:
I work for the front desk, they told me to bring your luggage to your
room, ma’am.
Carla:
Oh, right! The bellboy, yeah!
So, hotels have this service where they have someone bring your
luggage to your room, and they’re called bellboys!
Bellboy:
Where should I place your luggage, ma’am?
Carla:
Anywhere?
Bellboy:
Here’s fine?
Carla:
Yeah, sure! Oh, tip! Right? Sorry, I’m new to this. Never stayed in a hotel
before. Here you go!
Bellboy:
Have a great day!
Carla:
Thank you, thanks so much.
Carla:
Yeah, so tipping is a really important thing when you’re staying in a
hotel, because there are lots of people who do little things like that.
Bring your luggage to the room, make your bed, clean your room. So, it’s
always important to leave them something a little extra special like a tip!
Once you have your bag and you’re all set, a good hint is to take a look
at the hotel policies, which is usually in a binder on a desk or in a drawer
in your room. You might have asked about some of the policies at the
check-in, or even when you were making the reservation.
Let’s say you were traveling with kids. Well, in this case, you’ll have
checked the hotel child policy before your check-in date. These policies
vary from one hotel to another. In this hotel for example, children aged
12 and under stay free with 1 paying adult. But each hotel will have its
own child, pet, deposit, cancellation, and no-show policies. It’s important
to check some of them previously according to your travel plans.
Let me point out some policies that every guest should know. For
example, the check-in and checkout time, which may vary widely in
American hotels. Also check the lost and found procedures: you should
learn how to find your belongings in case you forget them at the hotel.
POLÍTICAS DO HOTEL
Carregador:
Eu sou da recepção, eles me pediram para trazer suas malas até o seu
quarto, senhora.
Carla:
Ah, claro! O carregador, sim!
Os hotéis têm esse serviço: alguém traz suas malas até seu quarto, e
eles são chamados de carregadores!
Carregador:
Onde devo deixar suas malas, senhora?
Carla:
Em qualquer lugar?
Carregador:
Aqui está bom?
Carla:
Sim, claro! Ah, a gorjeta! Certo? Me desculpe, eu sou nova nisso. Nunca
me hospedei em um hotel antes. Aqui está!
Carregador:
Tenha um ótimo dia!
Carla:
Obrigada! Muito, muito obrigada!
Digamos que você esteja viajando com crianças. Bem, nesse caso, você
terá checado a política com relação a crianças antes do seu check-in.
Essa política varia de um hotel para o outro. Neste hotel, por exemplo,
crianças com menos de 12 anos ficam de graça com 1 adulto pagante.
Mas cada hotel terá uma regra diferente para crianças, animais de
estimação, depósitos, cancelamentos e não comparecimento. É muito
importante conferir algumas delas antes, dependendo dos seus planos
de viagem.
Part 2.
Vocabulary When traveling abroad, it is important to bear in mind that there will be cultural
aspects that must be observed and respected. Cultural aspects are defined as
follows:
C U LT U RA L AS P E CTS
Aspectos culturais
So, cultural aspects are not like laws or rules, but they are part of common
knowledge shared by people from a certain place. That’s why they vary from one
country to another. If we fail to observe, respect, and educate ourselves about the
cultural aspects of the places we are visiting, there is a chance our behavior will
be regarded as impolite or even rude. Tipping, for example, is an American cultural
habit.
Now, when it comes to hotel rules, then it is important to observe the hotel policies,
which can be defined as follows:
H OT E L PO L I C I ES
Políticas/Normas/Regras do Hotel
Where can I find the hotel policies? Can I have a copy of the hotel policies?
Onde posso encontrar as políticas do hotel? Posso ter uma cópia das políticas do hotel?
It is a good idea to take a look at some specific points of the policy when making
your reservation. For example, the cancellation policy or no-show policy is
available online at the moment of the reservation, so it is advisable to read it
before you finish the reservation process.
Nonrefundable reservation policy: you must pay for the entire stay at
the time of booking, and it is nonrefundable.
Política de reserva sem reembolso: você tem que pagar pela sua estadia
completa no momento da reserva, e essa quantia não é reembolsável
The no-show policy is usually charged just like a cancellation policy, one-night penalty, or
nonrefundable policy.
There might be some others, but, in general, these are the most common cancellation policies.
Now there is one specific detail to which we should also pay attention during the reservation.
Many hotels require the following:
For credit-card reservations, the same card must be presented upon check-in.
Para reservas com cartão de crédito, o mesmo cartão deve ser apresentado no check-in.
So, if you arrive at the hotel without the same card you have used to make the
reservation, you might have problems confirming your stay.
Another noteworthy point is the non-smoking policy. Nowadays, most hotels
and buildings in the U.S. are smoke-free zones, including balconies and outside
facilities. That means you cannot smoke in the hotel premises whatsoever. In this
case, you might read some sentences like:
And then they will tell you about the fees you are supposed to pay if you don’t follow
the policy. For example:
Smoking in the rooms or on the balcony will result in a US$300 cleaning fee.
Fumar nos quartos ou na varanda resultará numa taxa de limpeza de 300 dólares.
It is also wise to take a look at the food and beverage policy, especially if you enjoy having
meals at the hotel restaurant.
If you buy an excellent bottle of wine during the trip and you would like to drink it at dinner
at the hotel restaurant, it is very likely that there will be a corkage fee - the fee you pay for
bringing your own alcoholic beverage. And that will also be mentioned in the hotel policy. You
will read something like:
A corkage fee will be charged for each bottle brought into the hotel restaurant.
Uma taxa de rolha será cobrada por cada garrafa levada para o restaurante do hotel.
If you can’t find anything about it in the hotel policy, you can just ask them.
You could say:
You can also use these questions to ask about any other existing fee. For
example, some hotels have a package-receiving policy, which means that if you
want to have any package delivered to you in the hotel, you should pay for it.
So you can use the same questions just changing the kind of fee. For example:
Another important policy you will find in the document is the lost
and found policy. Some hotels will ask you to simply contact the
front desk. Others might require you to fill out a form with your
personal information, some details about your stay, and a brief
description of the lost item.
You should do that as soon as possible, since some hotels keep their lost and
found items for a maximum period of three months. So, you will probably read
some information like this in the hotel policies:
And don’t forget to get informed about the luggage-storage policy. In general, you will
find this information:
If you get to the hotel before the check-in time, or if your flight is way beyond the
checkout time, you can ask:
Now you are aware of the most frequent and important hotel policies, and you know
how to ask questions about them.
Part 3.
Vocabulary
A. Number the columns according to the translation of the words.
Activities
( 1 ) Policy (7)S
moking-free zones ( )P
olítica de não ( ) Áreas comuns
comparecimento
( 2 ) Cultural aspect ( 8 ) Balcony ( ) Achados e perdidos
( ) Zonas antifumo
( 3 ) Fee ( 9 ) Common areas ( ) Custos de envio
( ) Varanda
( 4 ) No-show policy ( 10 ) Corkage fee ( ) Aspecto cultural
( ) Política antifumo
( 5 ) Cancellation policy ( 11 ) Lost and found ( ) Taxa de rolha
( ) Taxa
( 6 ) No-smoking policy ( 12 ) Shipping costs ( )P
olítica de
( ) Norma/Regra/Política cancelamento
B. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate word according to the translation.
c) T he entire hotel is a .
e. corkage fee
e) Is there a ?
b. fee
Part 4.
Grammar
In this chapter, we are going to talk about the modal verb must, the structure there + be, and
the question word how. Let’s begin with there + be, which is used to express existence.
Take a look at the example:
So, we used the structure there + be to express the idea that the building we are
talking about has a fitness center on the second floor. And we used there is in
the singular form, because we are talking about just one fitness center.
Let’s see another example:
Once again, we use there is to express existence. But this time it is in the
contracted form, so the verb to be is represented by the apostrophe + S.
Now look at this next sentence so we can compare them:
In this case, we used the verb to be in the present, “It’s great.” Even though the
verb to be is once more being represented by the apostrophe + S, here it is
used to talk about a feature. In other words, it has nothing to do with existence
because we are not using there + be.
Now, check this out:
The word there, in this context, indicates a location. We are not using the complete expression
there + be, only the adverb there. As you can see, there is no verb to be after this word.
We must not forget that there + be expresses existence. And we can use it to talk about
objects, people, animals, and places, both in the singular and plural forms.
As we have already seen, when we talk about something in the singular, we are going to
conjugate the verb accordingly: there is. When we wish to refer to existence in the plural, we
will use there are. For example:
AFFIRMATIVE: THERE + BE
SINGULAR
There is a swimming pool available for guests at the hotel.
Existe/Tem/Há uma piscina disponível para os hóspedes no hotel.
PLURAL
There are extra towels available for guests at the pool.
Existem/Tem/Há toalhas extras disponíveis para os hóspedes na piscina.
In the first sentence, we are talking about a swimming pool, which is singular, so
we use there is. But in the second one, we have towels, a plural word, so we use
there are.
If we want to say that something does not exist, we just add not to the there
+ be structure. Then we can use the contracted forms, which are isn’t in the
singular and aren’t in the plural. Take a look:
NE GATIVE: THERE + BE
SINGULAR
There isn’t a corkage fee at the hotel restaurant.
Não tem/há taxa de rolha no restaurante do hotel.
PLURAL
There aren’t package-receiving policies at this hotel.
Não tem/há políticas de recebimento de encomendas neste hotel.
INTERROGATIVE: THERE + BE
SINGULAR
Is there a package-receiving fee?
Há uma taxa de recebimento de encomenda?
PLURAL
Are there washing machines available for guests?
Há máquinas de lavar disponíveis para os hóspedes?
MUST / OBLIGATION
Obrigação
Must conveys the idea that you have to do something; you have no other choice.
The structure is as follows:
As you can see, must follows the rules of the structure of modal verbs
– subject followed by must, which is the modal verb, then the main
verb, and then the complement.
However, we may also find some policies about things you cannot do.
Then they are likely to use must not, or the contracted form mustn’t,
to refer to prohibition. So, as for the structure, just add not right after
the modal verb. It goes like this:
For example:
MUST / PROHIBITION
Proibição
Mustn’t means that you are prohibited from smoking in the rooms. It is not
simply something that is not possible, but something that is not allowed.
By asking How much you can get information on the price of things.
Now you know how to use the modal verb must, the structure there + be, and the
question word how much to understand hotel policies and ask for clarification on
some points. For more about this topic, go to the Grammar Guide section at the end
of your book.
GRAMMAR GUIDE
Part 5.
Grammar
A. Match the sentences with their function.
Activities
B. Fill in the blanks with the correct word(s) according to the translation.
a) a package-receiving fee?
Há/Tem/Existe uma taxa de recebimento de encomenda?
cannot / can’t
f. How much
Você está proibido de fumar nos quartos.
Activity B – Answers
b. There are
a. Is there
a. 1 / b. 2 / c. 1 /
Activity A –
d. 3 / e. 2
Answers
Notes
Part 1.
Video Script At the hotel, if you need any help or need to get a service done, you will have
to talk to the people who work there: the hotel staff. They are the ones you will
talk to in case you need housekeeping or some help finding tickets for a concert.
In this chapter, we will show you how to do it, and you will also learn some
important vocabulary and grammar that will help you improve your English skills.
Now, look at the script of Hotel staff.
HOTEL STAFF
But if you’re not sure about who could help you in other requests during
your stay, the answer is the lobby front desk! These are the people who
will assist you during check-in and checkout. But they can also help
you if you need information or have a request. Even if they cannot help
directly, they will certainly be able to tell you how to proceed.
And there’s also the concierge, whose job is to make sure you have
everything you need during your stay, from transportation to the
airport, to tickets to concerts and matches, or reservations at the finest
restaurants in town. Anything you need, just let the hotel concierge
know. So, guys, I think I’m going to head down to the concierge and get
some tickets for the amusement park!
Carla:
Really?
Lee (concierge):
Yes! We were able to find you tickets for the amusement park!
Carla:
Oh, that’s awesome!
Lee (concierge):
Yeah! If you would like, I think Friday is the best day that...
Carla:
That’s great, because Friday is my day off work!
Lee (concierge):
Well, great! If you’d like, you can pick up the tickets tomorrow morning
or at your earliest convenience!
Carla:
Thank you so much, Lee!
Lee (concierge):
You’re welcome!
Carla:
You’re the best!
Lee (concierge):
Thanks!
E QUIPE DO HOTEL
[Ao telefone]
Oi! Aqui é a Carla do quarto 547, seria possível alguém vir limpar meu
quarto? OK, ótimo! Obrigada! Nossa, que fácil!
Aliás, dar gorjeta é algo cultural nos EUA, e você deve fazer isso em
várias situações. Você deve dar gorjeta para o carregador, que te ajudou
com a bagagem, por exemplo. E, nos restaurantes do hotel, a equipe é
normalmente composta por garçons, cozinheiros e um chef. Eles são
encarregados da comida servida no hotel. Você sempre pode falar com
os garçons, caso precise de serviço de quarto ou de ajuda com alguma
restrição alimentar. Você deve deixar uma gorjeta no restaurante, ou
para o garçom que levar a comida até o seu quarto.
Mas caso você não saiba a quem recorrer com relação a outras
solicitações durante sua estadia, a resposta é a recepção! Eles são as
pessoas que podem te ajudar durante o check-in e o checkout. Mas
eles também podem ajudar caso você precise de informações ou tenha
algum pedido a fazer. Mesmo que eles não possam ajudar diretamente,
com certeza vão saber te dizer como prosseguir.
Também temos o concierge, cuja função é garantir que você tenha tudo
de que precisa durante sua estadia, desde transporte ao aeroporto até
ingressos para shows e jogos, ou reservas nos melhores restaurantes
da cidade. Qualquer coisa que você precisar, é só avisar ao concierge.
Então, pessoal, acho que vou descer até o concierge e conseguir alguns
ingressos para o parque de diversões!
Carla:
É mesmo?
Lee (concierge):
Sim! Conseguimos as entradas do parque de diversões para a senhora!
Carla:
Ah, que ótimo!
Lee (concierge):
Sim! Se a senhora quiser, acho que sexta-feira é o melhor dia...
Carla:
Que ótimo, porque sexta-feira é meu dia de folga!
Lee (concierge):
Olha, que bom! Caso a senhora queira, pode pegá-los amanhã de
manhã ou assim que preferir!
Carla:
Muito obrigado, Lee!
Lee (concierge):
De nada!
Carla:
Você é o cara!
Lee (concierge):
Obrigado!
Part 2.
Vocabulary The staff in each hotel may vary a little bit according to the hotel rating, because there might
be different services available. There are also some cultural aspects that should be considered.
One of them is the tip, which is a behavior expected from hotel guests in the U.S. This is so
much part of American culture that they even have a verb to refer to it: to tip.
Let’s check some sentences out concerning this cultural aspect:
When we talk about things that are expected from us, we can either use the structure be
expected to or be supposed to. They both mean the same thing. So, instead of saying
You are expected to tip the housekeeper, you could also say:
It is customary to leave from 2 to 5 dollars per night. Since there might be different
housekeepers cleaning your room, it would be best to leave a tip every day instead of
just leaving it all by the end of your stay.
Many hotels have a tip envelope in the rooms. In case you can’t find it, just leave the
tip on a desk or on the bedside table. And if you want to make it clear, you can write
a note saying, “Housekeeper tip” or simply “Housekeeping” and leave it together
with the sum.
You can also write notes with specific requests to the housekeeper, such as:
Could you please change the bedsheets? Could you please leave an extra pillow?
Você poderia trocar a roupa de cama? Você poderia deixar um travesseiro a mais?
In case you don’t need maintenance, the housekeeper may ask if you
need to replace something. For example:
If you want the housekeeper to return later, you just need to call the
front desk and ask for the service whenever you are ready for it.
You can call and say:
If you just need an extra item or need them to replace something, you can say:
In any of these cases, you will need to talk to the front-desk staff. They are the ones
who can help you the most when it comes to hotel services. For example, if you
need laundry service, you can call them and ask one of the following questions:
The front desk will be able to inform you of every possible service in the hotel, as well as its prices. But if
you want something from outside the hotel, like a ticket to a concert or a play, or sports games, or even a
reservation at a restaurant, then you should look for the concierge.
You can ask one of these questions:
Other than going to bars, restaurants, theaters, games, and museums, when we travel, we
also like to go for a little shopping. In such cases, the bellhop (or bellboy or porter) will probably
offer you some help when they see you arriving with shopping bags. The same happens when
you are in the lobby carrying too many bags. Take a look at some of the things they may say:
And don’t forget to tip them in case you use their services. Remember:
You are supposed to tip the bellhop when he/she helps you.
É esperado que você dê gorjeta ao carregador quando ele/ela te ajuda.
Now you know how to ask the hotel staff for help and the cultural aspects related to that.
Part 3.
Vocabulary
A. Number the columns according to the translation of the words.
Activities
f. laundry service
b) In the U.S., you are expected to tip the . e. bedsheets
Nos Estados Unidos, é esperado que você dê uma gorjeta para o(a)
d. blanket
camareiro(a).
c) Y
ou are supposed to tip the when he helps you.
c. bellhop/bellboy/porter
Activity B – Answers
d) C
ould someone bring me an extra , please?
Alguém poderia me trazer mais um cobertor, por favor?
a. tip
e) C
ould you please change the ?
5 / 6 / 10 / 3 / 8 / 7 / 9 /
Activity A – Answers
Part 4.
Grammar In this chapter, we will talk about the structure be supposed to and the modal verbs can, could,
and would.
You have seen how important cultural aspects are when we are in a different country, since
some of the attitudes and behavior expected from us will be determined by the local culture.
Here is an example of an important cultural aspect in the U.S.:
BE + SUPPOSED TO – AFFIRMATIVE
There’s the subject, then the verb to be commonly in the present form, followed by
supposed to, the main verb, and a complement. Let’s see an example:
Here, we are talking about one hotel policy, meaning that guests are expected to
follow this rule. Note that the verb to be is used in the simple present, and the
main verb is in its base form.
In this case, the housekeeper is the subject (he or she in this context). Therefore,
we say is supposed to. That means the housekeeper is expected to do that, because
it is part of his or her duties at the hotel.
Now, if we want to use the interrogative or negative forms, we just have to follow
the same sentence structure used with the verb to be. That is, we invert the subject
with the verb to be. Have a look at an example:
Notice that all we did was to invert the position of the verb to be, are, and the subject, guests.
Now look at how we can answer this question in the negative form:
No. And they are not (aren’t) supposed to take the pool towels to the room.
Não. E não é esperado deles que levem as toalhas da piscina para o quarto.
Não. E eles não devem levar as toalhas da piscina para o quarto.
As you can see, we just included not after the verb to be. It can be
used either in the complete or in the contracted forms.
Verb To Hope
Verbo esperar (ter esperança)
Here, we are talking about a desire, something that I hope you will achieve or
feel. It is another idea of expectation; it is no longer something that is expected
from you, but something that I wish will happen to you.
To express this idea, as you have seen, we do not use the structure be supposed
to. In this case, we use the verb hope in the simple present.
Let’s see another example.
Here again there is the idea of a positive expectation for the future.
Speaking of expectations, when we want to express the idea of
staying somewhere until somebody or something arrives, like a bus,
for example, then we will use yet another verb. It is the verb wait.
Check it out:
Verb To Wai t
Verbo esperar/aguardar
As much as we do our research before traveling abroad, we might still have some
questions or maybe need someone’s help when we get there.
We have already seen how to make requests using the modal verbs can and could.
Let’s review the structure used with them:
So we use the modal verb, then the subject, followed by the main verb in its base
form, and then the complement.
Let’s see some examples:
Using can and could in the interrogative form adds an idea of possibility to the
main verb, as if we were saying: Is it possible for you to help me?
And the only difference between can and could in this case is the level of formality.
Could is more formal than can.
In the affirmative form, can follows the general structure of the modal verbs, which
is the following:
POSSIBILIT Y
Possibilidade
Here the meaning is that it is possible for her to clean the room in a few minutes.
But we can also use it to emphasize the idea of permission. Look:
PERMISSION
Permissão
The idea now is that the subject – the housekeeper – is allowed to clean the room.
Depending on the context, we may also emphasize the idea of ability. Check it out:
ABILIT Y
Habilidade
Now we are indicating that the person is able to clean the room in a few minutes.
So, the modal verb can expresses the idea of possibility, ability, or even
permission to do something. And to understand which function is being
highlighted, we will have to analyze the context.
The same thing happens with could in the affirmative form: its meaning will
depend on the context as well. Since could is a modal verb, the sentence
structure is the same as the one used for can:
So, let’s see some examples with could and analyze the ideas it can convey:
POSSIBILIT Y
Possibilidade
We are talking about possibility here. We are saying that there is a remote
or weak possibility that the handyman would be able to fix the AC.
But depending on the context, could can express the idea of ability in the
past. We may say that could works like the past of can, but only when we
are referring to the idea of ability. Take a look at the example:
The idea here is that the handyman was able to do the job. He managed to fix the
AC some time in the past.
And you can express those same ideas using the negative forms of can and could.
Since they are modal verbs, all we have to do is put not after the modal verb:
Note that can’t, which is more usual in the spoken language, is the contracted form
of cannot. And by saying this, we indicate that he or she cannot or does not have
permission or the possibility, or even that he or she has no ability to perform that
action.
Now look at what happens when we use could in the negative form:
Here we can understand that he didn’t have the ability to fix the AC or that he had no chance
to do it. Note that we used couldn’t, the contraction of could not, which is more frequently used
in the spoken language.
There is still another modal verb used to make requests. It is the modal verb may,
which also follows the same structure as the other modal verbs. Check it out:
M AY
AFFIRMATIVE FORM
Forma Afirmativa
NEGATIVE FORM
Forma Negativa
INTERROGATIVE FORM
Forma Interrogativa
May is used to ask for and give permission. But it can only be used to ask
permission for ourselves. That means that we can only use may in the interrogative
form with the subject pronouns I and we, that is, the first person singular or plural.
PERMISSION
Permissão
In that question, they are asking permission to pick up your luggage. And they chose
to use may to sound more formal and to emphasize the meaning of permission.
This is a typical question you would hear from a bellhop at the hotel, for example.
We could answer this question using the affirmative form to give permission, or the
negative form to deny permission. Let’s take a look:
M AY
Permission / Permissão
Note that while using may in the interrogative form, we can only
use I or we to ask for permission; but to grant or deny permission,
though, we are going to use you. As you can see, it is not possible
to contract may + not in the negative form.
Depending on the context, may can convey an idea of probability. Check it out:
Here, may is not expressing permission. We are actually wondering if the concierge
is likely to get tickets or not. Now let’s see an example in the negative form:
Once again, this sentence is not related to permission. We are talking about the
likelihood of getting an upgrade, which in this case, is small.
So, in this chapter you’ve learned how to use the structure be supposed to, the verbs
hope and wait, as well as the modal verbs can, could, and may. For more details about
these topics, go to the Grammar Guide section at the end of your book.
GRAMMAR GUIDE
Part 5.
Grammar
A. Mark the alternative that best explains the functions used in the sentences.
Activities
B. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate word according to the translation.
e. are supposed to
O funcionário da manutenção conseguiu consertar o ar-condicionado quebrado?
d. cannot/can’t
f. may not
d) The housekeeper your room now.
A camareira não tem permissão de limpar o quarto agora.
Activity B – Answers
e) You tip the bellhop when he helps you.
a. Can/Could
b. May/Can
É esperado que você dê gorjeta ao carregador quando ele te ajuda.
c. could
f) The receptionist grant us an upgrade
Activity A – Answers
a. 1 / b. 2 / c. 2 /
A recepcionista pode não nos conceder um upgrade.
d. 1 / e. 1 / f. 2
Notes
Part 1.
Video Script What if you are in your room and decide to have your breakfast there? Or what
would you do if you realized the TV or the air-conditioner is not working? Well,
in these cases, as well as in many others, you can ask for room service. In this
chapter, we will show you how to do that, and you will also learn some important
vocabulary and grammar that will help you improve your English.
Now look at the script of Room Service.
ROOM SERVICE
Carla:
Come on in! You can just put it on the bed over here. Right here is good.
Oh, tip! Of course! I keep forgetting! Here you go! Don’t spend it all at
once!
Waiter:
Thank you, have a wonderful day.
Carla:
You too. Take care!
There will probably be an exclusive line at the hotel if you want to order
room service. But in case you can’t find the number, remember that the
front desk is your best friend. Any kind of request you might have, the
front desk staff will certainly know how to help you.
And I’m not only talking about room service or food delivery. If
something in your room is not functioning properly, you can turn to the
front desk as well. Yes, there might be an exclusive line for maintenance,
but you don’t have to learn all the line numbers. And if they’re not at
hand, just call the front desk and they will take care of it for you. Let’s
say the AC in your room is not working properly, or you have a clogged
toilet: just call the front desk, report the problem, and ask them to send
someone to help you. You can say, “Would it be possible for someone to
come up and take a look at the AC?” Or “Could you send someone over
to take a look at the toilet?”
SERVIÇO DE QUARTO
[Ao telefone]
Carla:
Serviço de quarto? Ótimo. Eu gostaria de pedir um omelete de queijo e
um suco de cranberry. Sim, quarto 547. Ótimo, obrigada!
Mas você pode pedir comida de outros restaurantes. Aliás, alguns hotéis
oferecem para seus hóspedes panfletos de restaurantes que fazem
entrega. Logo, não importa onde você estiver, sempre haverá alguma
opção de restaurante com serviço de entrega.
Carla:
Entre! Você pode colocar isso ali na cama. Aí está bom. Ah, a gorjeta! É
claro! Eu vivo esquecendo! Aqui está! Não gaste tudo de uma só vez!
Garçom:
Muito obrigado, tenha um ótimo dia.
Carla:
Você também. Cuide-se!
Provavelmente o hotel terá uma linha exclusiva caso você queira pedir
serviço de quarto. Mas caso você não consiga achar o número, lembre-
se que a recepção é sua melhor amiga. Qualquer tipo de pedido que
você queira fazer, a equipe da recepção certamente saberá como te
ajudar.
Part 2.
Vocabulary When room service is offered, you will find a menu in your room with the available options.
They are usually organized like this:
MENU OPTIONS
After choosing what you want, you just have to call and order. When you call, you may hear
something like:
And then you will say you want to place an order or simply order something. Let’s look at some
possibilities. You could say, for example:
Good morning. I’d like to place Good morning. I’d like to order
an order for breakfast, please. breakfast, please.
Bom-dia. Eu gostaria de fazer um pedido Bom-dia. Eu gostaria pedir o
de café da manhã, por favor. café da manhã, por favor.
Hi. I’d like to order a turkey Good afternoon. I’d like to order a
sandwich. It’s room 302. Greek salad to room 208.
Oi. Eu gostaria de pedir um sanduíche Boa-tarde. Eu gostaria de pedir uma
de peru. É o quarto 302. salada grega para o quarto 208.
We only use the verb to order when we want something that needs to be prepared or
processed in some way, like food at a restaurant or an online product, for example. If you are
requesting something more general, you should use the verb to ask.
Let’s see some examples:
Clerk:
Room service. How may I help you?
Serviço de quarto. Como posso ajudar?
Guest:
Hi, I’d like to order a chicken salad and an orange juice to room 409.
But can I ask you to send the mayo on the side, please?
Oi, eu gostaria de pedir uma salada de frango e um suco de laranja para o quarto 409.
Mas posso te pedir para mandar a maionese à parte, por favor?
Notice that we used order for the food and ask to make
a general request. And the clerk may answer:
Clerk:
Sure. We’ll be right there with your order.
Claro. Em breve estaremos aí com o seu pedido.
When we request mayo on the side, it means the mayo won’t be on the food; it will
come separately. To say that, you could use on the side or a side of. For example:
You can ask for changes in your dish whenever possible. If you want an ingredient to
be added or removed, you can use with or without. Check it out:
After placing your order, just wait for it to be delivered to your room. When the
time comes, you will open the door, and the waiter may say:
And finally, they will ask you to sign the receipt. It will be like this:
The housekeeper and the waiter aren’t the only staff members who may come
to your room. You might have to call the front desk to ask for a handyman if you
need anything fixed in your room.
Let’s check out some situations in which you might need to ask for maintenance. Look:
The TV won’t turn on. Can someone come here and take a look?
A televisão não liga. Alguém pode vir aqui e dar uma olhada?
The AC is not working properly. Can someone come here to help me?
O ar-condicionado não está funcionando direito. Alguém pode vir aqui me ajudar?
The bathroom door is jammed. Could someone come up here to fix it?
A porta do banheiro está emperrada. Alguém poderia vir aqui em cima consertar?
No matter what problem you might have, the clerk will probably
say something like:
Now you know how to ask for room service, how to report a problem in the room that needs
maintenance, and how to interact with the hotel staff.
Part 3.
Vocabulary
A. Number the columns according to the translation of the words.
Activities
/ 2 / 8 / 1 / 3 / 11
Part 4.
Grammar In this lesson we will talk about future events using will. We are also going to learn about the
modal verb would, as well as cardinal and ordinal numbers.
A very common, natural way to refer to the future in English is by using will. Check the
structure in the affirmative form:
WILL
Future events / Eventos futuros
AFFIRMATIVE FORM
For example:
Maintenance here is the third person singular, that is, it is equivalent to it—the
structure of the sentence is just the same: the subject, then will followed by the main
verb in its base form, be, that is, without conjugation, and then the complement.
In the negative form, we just have to add not right after will. And the contracted
form – won’t – is more commonly used.
Look at the structure:
Let’s suppose you have a problem with the AC and you ask the front-desk clerk if
you will need to change rooms. They can answer you:
It will not (won’t) be necessary. We’ll send a handyman to fix the AC.
Isso não será necessário. Vamos mandar um funcionário da manutenção
para consertar o ar.
In this case, the subject is it, followed by will not or won’t, which is the
contracted form, plus the verb to be in the base form, and the complement. The
idea here is that a future event will not occur. In this case, changing rooms will not
be necessary.
There is another use of won’t that doesn’t specifically indicate an action not
happening in the future. We can use won’t to convey the idea that something
“refuses” to happen, or that someone refuses to do something. Take a look:
In this case, won’t implies that the person has already tried to turn
on the TV several times and nothing happened. It is almost as saying
that the TV “refuses to turn on”, even though this is just a figure of
speech. Notice that the structure is the same. The difference here is
the context.
Look at an example:
So, in this case, we start with will, then add the subject the receptionist,
then the verb send in its base form, and finally the complement someone
to unclog the sink.
You already know that will is used to talk about future events. You have also seen
that won’t can be used in another context to indicate that someone is refusing to do
something, or an object, such as a TV, refuses to respond to your command.
There is yet another situation in which will can be used. It’s when we use the
expression I’ll have to place an order, especially in bars and restaurants.
Check it out:
By saying so, you indicate that you want to order something; in this case, a
burger with extra bacon.
There is another expression often used in the same situation: I’d like. We could,
for example, order something by saying:
I’d like is the contracted form of I would like. It may sound a bit more formal than
I’ll have, even though both are commonly used to place orders.
We can also combine would with other verbs, such as, would eat, would
stay, would drink to talk about hypothesis, which expresses a very different
perspective when compared to the future. Compare:
WILL
Future events / Evento futuro
WOULD
Hypothesis / Hipótese
In the first example, we are talking about an action that I decided to perform in
the future. But in the second one, it is a hypothetical situation: I would eat it if I
weren’t on a diet, but since I am, I won’t actually eat it.
WOULD
Hypothesis / Hipótese
Would drink refers to something I would like to do if it were possible, but it isn’t.
Now check this next one here:
WOULD
Hypothesis / Hipótese
Now, when we order room service or online food, it is very important to understand
prices and know how to inform the room number or the address so that we can get
things delivered to the right place. To do that, we need to learn the numbers.
In English, there are cardinal and ordinal numbers. Let’s take a look at the cardinal
numbers first:
CARDINAL NUMBERS
Numerais cardinais
1-O
ne 11 - Eleven 21 - Twenty-one
2-T
wo 12 - Twelve 22 - Twenty-two
5-F
ive 15 - F ifteen 50 - Fifty
6-S
ix 16 - Sixteen 60 - Sixty
7-S
even 17- Seventeen 70 - Seventy
8-E
ight 18 - Eighteen 80 - Eighty
9-N
ine 19 - Nineteen 90 - Ninety
HUNDREDS
Centenas
Dollars and cents in English are separated by a dot, not a comma, as in other
languages. And when you hear a price, it is probably going to be all together, as
in fourteen ninety-eight, for example.
Let’s see another example:
As you can see, we can also use the words dollars and cents to refer
to price. Notice that we don’t use and to say the hyphen.
Now take a look at this one:
ORDINAL NUMBERS
Numerais ordinais
Notice that the first three ordinal numbers have a different form. And their terminations will be
repeated whenever they appear after twentieth. That is, we say twenty-first, twenty-second,
twenty-third, and so on. For all the other ones we will use th at the end of the number. And when
we have a number like twenty-one, for example, only the second number is made ordinal; so we
say twenty-fourth (24th), thirty-eighth (38th), fifty-third (53th) and so on.
In this chapter, you have seen how to use will, the modal verb would, and cardinal and
ordinal numbers. If you want to get more information on these go to the Grammar
Guide section at the end of your book.
GRAMMAR GUIDE
Part 5.
Grammar Activities
A. Number the columns according to the function of the structures used in the sentences
a) ( ) W
e will order room service tonight
Nós vamos pedir serviço de quarto esta noite.
b) ( ) T
he TV won’t turn on. Can you send someone here?
A televisão não liga. Vocês podem mandar alguém aqui?
B. Fill in the blanks with the correct word(s) according to the translation:
c. will be
Nós vamos pedir serviço de quarto esta noite.
Activity B – Answers
a. I would like / I’d like
b. will not turn on /
e) I’ll have a tuna salad and an orange juice. I’m at the business center, on the
won’t turn on
floor.
Eu vou querer uma salada de atum e um suco de laranja. Eu estou no business
center, no terceiro andar
Activity A – Answers
f) I a sandwich, but I’m on a diet.
a. 1 / b. 4 / c. 2 /
d. 3 / e. 1 / f. 2
Eu comeria um sanduíche, mas eu estou de dieta.
Notes
Part 1.
Video Script In this chapter, we will talk about hotel facilities and amenities. As you know,
these features will vary according to the hotel rating. Less luxurious and
expensive hotels won’t offer the same facilities and amenities that a five-star
hotel would. But it doesn’t necessarily mean that one hotel is better than the
other. The important thing is to know what is ideal for you. In this chapter, you
will see what facilities and amenities hotels usually offer. We will also show you
some important vocabulary and grammar to help you improve your English.
Now look at the script of Hotel facilities.
HOTEL FACILITIES
Carla:
Oh, lovely!
Lee (concierge):
And right in front of us is our golf course.
Carla:
Oh, that’s gorgeous! Thank you, Lee!
Lee (concierge):
We like to call this our zen zone.
Carla:
It feels very zen!
Lee (concierge):
Right inside we can go check out the fitness facility, and the business
center.
Carla:
Yes, OK! Great! So Lee, remind me again: where is the fitness center?
Lee (concierge):
Now, our fitness center is on the second floor. Again, there are
treadmills and free weights for any type of workout you can think of.
Carla:
And so, if I’m kind of hungry, where can I go?
Lee (concierge):
Now, the restaurant, that’s on our first floor. It’s kind of close to the
lobby area as well, but if you only wanted a snack, there are vending
machines throughout the entire hotel.
Carla:
Oh, where are the vending machines located?
Lee (concierge):
They’re by the elevators.
Carla:
OK, so like, on each floor they’ve got...
Lee (concierge):
On each floor, yeah.
Carla:
Oh, that’s great! Now, I know you told me there was a business center
too.
Lee (concierge):
Yes, our business center is located right next to our main desk on the 1st
floor.
Carla:
So, you know, the other thing is: if I may need some extra cash, can I get
that here at the hotel?
Lee (concierge):
Yes, our ATM is located at the front door.
Carla:
Oh, perfect! You guys are a great staff, thank you so much, Lee. I don’t
know how I would live without you guys.
Lee (concierge):
Not a problem!
Carla:
You, and Sebastian, and Sanna. You guys have been so much help for
me!
Lee (concierge):
You’re so welcome Ms. Sanchez!
Carla:
I really like your hotel!
Lee (concierge):
Well, thank you!
DEPENDÊNCIAS DO HOTEL
Carla:
Que agradável!
Lee (concierge):
E à nossa frente, está o campo de golfe.
Carla:
Que lindo! Obrigada, Lee!
Lee (concierge):
Nós gostamos de chamá-lo de espaço zen.
Carla:
Realmente parece bem zen!
Lee (concierge):
Aqui dentro podemos conferir a academia e o espaço business.
Carla:
OK, ótimo! Lee, me lembra onde fica a academia?
Lee (concierge):
A academia fica no segundo andar; lá você encontra esteiras e halteres
para qualquer tipo de exercício que você possa imaginar.
Carla:
E caso eu fique com fome, aonde posso ir?
Lee (concierge):
O restaurante fica no primeiro andar. Ele fica próximo ao saguão,
mas caso você só queira um lanchinho, temos máquinas de venda
automática por todo o hotel.
Carla:
E onde elas estão localizadas?
Lee (concierge):
Ao lado dos elevadores.
Carla:
OK, então tem uma em cada andar...
Lee (concierge):
Em cada andar, sim.
Carla:
OK, ótimo! Você me disse que havia um business center.
Lee (concierge):
Sim, nosso espaço business fica ao lado da recepção, no primeiro andar.
Carla:
Outra coisa: se eu precisar de mais dinheiro, consigo sacar aqui no
hotel?
Lee (concierge):
Sim, nosso caixa eletrônico fica na entrada.
Carla:
Perfeito. Vocês têm uma ótima equipe, muito obrigada, Lee. Eu não sei o
que faria sem vocês!
Lee (concierge):
Sem problemas!
Carla:
Você, o Sebastian e a Sanna. Vocês têm me ajudado tanto!
Lee (concierge):
De nada, Senhora Sanchez!
Carla:
Eu gosto muito do seu hotel!
Lee (concierge):
Muito obrigado!
Part 2.
Vocabulary There are many types of hotels in the U.S., and the quality of their service will vary according
to their ratings. The higher the hotel rating, the more amenities and conveniences will be made
available. There are some amenities that are commonly offered by most hotels. They are:
AMENITIES
Washing machines for self-service use will probably be more common at two or
three-star hotels. Luxury hotels will offer laundry service, and they will charge you
for each piece of laundry.
You may find the facilities and amenities listed separately, under the title indoor
facilities and outdoor facilities.
Let’s go through the ones that are commonly indoors:
Business Center
Espaço Business / Espaço de Trabalho
And if you want to know any information about the hotel facilities, you can
always ask the clerk at the front desk. Let’s say you want information about
opening hours, for example. You can ask:
If you need specific information, such as asking for a printer, or if you want to know
where a specific facility is located, you can ask:
Since we are talking about indoor facilities, here are some possible answers
concerning location. Check it out:
The fitness center is on the second floor, first door on your right.
A academia fica no segundo andar, primeira porta à sua direita.
When it comes to outdoor facilities, some of them are very popular, such as:
And you can ask for more information about the amenities you can find in these facilities:
Are there pool towels available for guests? Are there pool floats available for guests?
Tem/Há toalhas de piscina Tem/Há boias de piscina disponíveis
disponíveis para os hóspedes? para os hóspedes?
Now you are familiar with the most important facilities and amenities. You also know how
to ask about their existence and location.
Part 3.
Vocabulary
A. Number the columns according to the translation of the words.
Activities
(2)A
menities ( 9 ) Indoor facilities ( ) Máquina de gelo ( ) Instalações nas áreas
externas
( 3 ) Swimming pool ( 10 ) Outdoor facilities ( ) Campo de futebol
( )A
cademia
( 4 ) F itness center ( 11 ) Soccer field ( )M
áquinas de lavar
( ) Quadra de tênis
( 5 ) Vending machine ( 12 ) Tennis court ( ) Instalações
( )S
erviços de
( 6 ) ATM ( )M
áquina de venda
conveniência
automática
( 7 ) Ice machine
( ) Instalações nas áreas
internas
B. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate word according to the translation.
a) W
hat are the restaurant ?
Quais são os horários de funcionamento do restaurante?
d. business center
c) W here is the ?
Activity B – Answers
c. fitness center
e) A
re there pool available for guests?
Activity A – Answers
f) A
re there pool available for guests?
Tem boias de piscina disponíveis para os hóspedes?
Part 4.
Grammar In this chapter, we will talk about the structure there + Be, which is used in English to indicate
existence, and the question word what.
To talk about existence in the present, there are two possibilities: in the singular we use there
is, and in the plural we use there are. That is, for this structure, we use the verb to be in the
present, is and are. Let’s see some examples:
THERE + BE – PRESENT
SINGULAR
THERE + BE – PRESENT
PLURAL
As you can see, to make the negative and interrogative forms, we just
follow the rules of the verb to be. In the negative form, we add not
after to be, and we may use the contracted forms. In the interrogative
form, we just invert to be and the word there, so we have is there or
are there.
Note that we start the sentence with what and then use the
interrogative form in the singular: is there. So when we want to
know about existence in the present, it will always be what is there,
plus the complement of the sentence.
In this context, the complement will usually indicate a place. Here we
have at the hotel. Have a look at another example:
So far, we have been using this structure to talk about existence in the present.
Now let’s take a look at how we can talk about existence in the future, that is,
things that will exist.
To express existence in the future we are going to use will. And just as we
conjugate the verb to be in the present – there is and there are –, we will
conjugate the verb to be in the future. Let’s take a look at this structure:
THERE + BE – FUTURE
Note that when we talk about existence in the future, we use there will be for
both singular and plural.
Let’s take a look at an example in the affirmative form:
THERE + BE – FUTURE
Aff irmative Form
SINGULAR
Here we are talking about a party, that is, we are talking about a singular noun
in this sentence. And the structure is there will be.
Check this other example out:
PLURAL
In this case, we are using nouns in the plural form: snacks and
drinks, so we are referring to plural nouns. Still, we keep on using
there will be.
THERE + BE – FUTURE
Negative Form
THERE + BE – FUTURE
Interrogative Form
So, the structure in the interrogative form will be the same regardless of the
quantity of items we are referring to: will there be + singular or plural nouns.
THERE + BE – FUTURE
Note that we are using certainly before will as a modal verb to express a high
level of certainty.
Just like when we used will, it won’t matter if we are talking about singular or plural nouns.
Take a look at this example with the modal verb can:
THERE CAN BE
Possibility - Possibilidade
THERE COULD BE
Remote Possibility - Possibilidade remota
THERE MAY BE
Probability - Probabilidade
THERE MUST BE
Assumption - Suposição
Here, must is used to make an assumption about something, which means that, even though
you haven’t looked it up yourself, based on your previous information, you are pretty sure there
will be reviews online.
We can also use the expression there + be with modal verbs in the negative and interrogative
forms. The structures are pretty simple. Let’s take a look at them. First, the negative form:
As you can see, all we have to do is put not after the modal verb.
And the interrogative form:
So, we only invert the position of the modal verb and there in the sentence. The idea conveyed
in both negative and interrogative forms will depend on the modal verb and the context.
In this chapter, we talked about the expression there + be and the question word what.
If you want to learn more details about these topics, go to the Grammar Guide section
at the end of your book
GRAMMAR GUIDE
Part 5.
Grammar
A. Number the columns according to what they express in the sentences.
Activities
( 2 ) Possibility (4)W
eak/Remote possibility ( 6 ) Existence in the future
( ) here must be a lot of guest reviews online where you’ll find this information
T
Deve haver muitas avaliações online de hóspedes onde você vai achar essa informação
( ) here will certainly be more people sharing common areas, which means less privacy.
T
Com certeza vai ter mais gente dividindo áreas comuns, o que significa menos.privacidade
( ) he Green Hostel is very popular. There may be affordable private room options.
T
O Green Hostel é muito popular. É provável que haja quartos privados com preços acessíveis
B. F
ill in the blanks with the appropriate form of the expression there + be according to the
translation.
e. There must be
d. T here can be /
There may be
f. Will there be
d) some disadvantages if you stay at a hostel.
Pode haver algumas desvantagens em se hospedar em um albergue.
Activity B – Answers
a. Are there
b. Is there
Deve ter/haver muitas avaliações online de hóspedes onde você vai achar essa
informação
2 / 5/ 6 / 1 / 3/ 4
f) a welcome party for guests in the hotel lobby?
Activity A –
Answers
Vai ter/Haverá uma festa de boas-vindas para os hóspedes no saguão do hotel? .
Notes
Part 1.
Video Script Now it is time to leave the hotel. You will get your bill and check out. But there are
some things you should know about this moment. For example, what could you
do if you realize they have charged you for something you didn’t ask or order? Or
what could you say if you need to stay in your room a little bit longer? Well, in this
chapter, we will help you with that, besides going through some vocabulary and
grammar that will take your English skills up a notch.
Now, look at the script of Checkout.
CHE CKOUT
Early check-in and late checkout policies vary according to the hotel, but
if you need a little extra time in the room, contact the front desk. Staff
will very likely offer you a complimentary late checkout. At this hotel,
checkout is at noon. I was given a complimentary late checkout until 2
p.m. After that, from 2 to 4 p.m., I’ll have to pay US$25 per hour, and
after 4 p.m., I’ll be charged for 1 daily rate.
Carla:
Hi, Katie! What time is it?
Carla:
Yes! Complimentary late checkout!
Carla:
It was amazing!
Carla:
Why do you have my credit card?
Carla:
That’s right!
Carla:
How much are the incidentals?
Carla:
Oh, well...Room service, massage, movie...Yeah, that sounds about right!
You can go ahead and charge it.
Carla:
Yeah, you can do that?
Carla:
Yeah, great!
Carla:
No, I’ve got that all arranged.
Carla:
Right, yeah. I guess this is it, huh?
Carla:
Thank you, Katie.
Carla:
Bye!
Carla:
Yeah, bye!
CHE CKOUT
Carla:
Oi, Katie! Que horas são?
Katie ( recepcionista):
São duas horas em ponto!
Carla:
Sim! Checkout tardio de cortesia!
Katie ( recepcionista):
Gostou da sua estadia?
Carla:
Foi incrível!
Katie ( recepcionista):
Que bom!
Carla:
Foi tudo maravilhoso!
Katie ( recepcionista):
Ótimo, bom ouvir isso! E posso cobrar as despesas extras no seu cartão
de crédito?
Carla:
Por que você tem meu cartão de crédito?
Katie ( recepcionista):
A senhora me deu ele no check-in, lembra?
Carla:
É mesmo!
Katie ( recepcionista):
Sim!
Carla:
Quanto ficou o total?
Katie ( recepcionista):
US$65. Oh, perdão! São US$165.
Carla:
Vejamos... Serviço de quarto, massagem, filme... Parece que está tudo
certo! Pode continuar e fazer a cobrança.
Katie ( recepcionista):
OK! Eu posso enviar a nota para o seu e-mail, OK?
Carla:
Você pode fazer isso?
Katie ( recepcionista):
Posso sim. Mando para o e-mail que temos em seu cadastro?
Carla:
Sim, ótimo!
Katie ( recepcionista):
OK, é enviado direto para a senhora. Posso chamar um táxi ou algo do
tipo?
Carla:
Não, já tenho isso combinado.
Katie ( recepcionista):
OK, ótimo! Eu só preciso da chave do seu quarto assim que a
senhora puder devolvê-la.
Carla:
OK, sim. Acho que é só isso, não?
Katie ( recepcionista):
Exatamente. Obrigada!
Carla:
Obrigada, Katie.
Katie ( recepcionista):
De nada! Obrigada por se hospedar conosco!
Carla:
Tchau!
Katie ( recepcionista):
Tchau! Tudo de bom!
Carla:
Sim, tchau!
Katie ( recepcionista):
Tchau!
Carla:
OK, pessoal. Nós passamos por todo o processo de como é ficar
em um bom hotel. Como fazer o check-in, o checkout, as reservas,
pedir serviço de quarto, explorar as instalações... Espero que tenha
sido uma boa experiência para vocês; para mim, com certeza foi!
Uma última selfie para as meninas!
Part 2.
Vocabulary Checking out of a hotel is pretty much the same anywhere. However, there are some checkout
procedures that are quite common in the U.S., such as receiving the hotel invoice in your room
on the day you will leave or the night before that. They will probably slip it under your room
door. And it will probably be organized like this. Look:
HOTEL INVOICE
Fees Taxes
Taxas Impostos
The checkout time can vary in hotels in the U.S., so you should
check it at the hotel where you are staying and plan ahead. But if
you need more time, you can always ask for a late checkout.
Late checkouts are usually complimentary, that is, hotels won’t
typically charge you if you need an extra hour or two in the room.
All you have to do is go to the front desk and ask:
There are probably two possible answers for that. One of them will
be to grant you your request:
If you really need more time even though the hotel cannot give you a complimentary late
checkout, you will probably be charged for that. Hotels usually have some policy establishing
certain conditions and time frames. So you might hear something like:
When you get all set, just go to the front desk to checkout.
You can start by saying this:
There are some incidentals. Can I charge them to your credit card?
Há algumas despesas extras. Posso cobrá-las no seu cartão de crédito?
Then the receptionist will probably ask you this: Or they can say:
How did you like your stay? Did you enjoy staying here with us? /
Como foi a sua estadia? / Did you like staying here with us?
O que você achou da sua estadia? Você gostou da sua estadia conosco?
Then the receptionist is going to give you a copy of your bill, even though you have
already received the invoice. You should check or double-check everything. If you
find any excessive charges, talk to the receptionist. You can say, for example:
I’m sorry, the bill is not correct. I didn’t order room service.
Desculpe, mas a conta não está certa. Eu não pedi serviço de quarto.
Or you can just ask them to double-check your whole bill. Here is what you can say:
Excuse me, I’m afraid the bill is not correct. Can you check it, please?
Com licença, mas receio que a conta não esteja certa.
Pode verificá-la, por favor?
If your flight isn’t leaving anytime soon and you want to enjoy the city a bit more, you
can ask the receptionist to store your luggage for you. You may say, for example:
Do you have luggage storage service? Can you store my luggage for a few hours?
Vocês têm serviço de armazenamento de Você pode guardar minha bagagem por
bagagem? algumas horas?
After that, you should hand the receptionist the room key and bid them farewell.
You may hear the following:
After that, you should hand the receptionist the room key and bid them farewell.
You may hear the following:
Now you can understand the hotel bill and you know how to proceed during checkout.
Part 3.
Vocabulary
A. Number the columns according to the translation of the words.
Activities
(2)B
ill ( 8 ) Complimentary ( ) Taxas ( )T
raslado / Transporte
B. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate word according to the translation.
a) C
an I have a ?
Eu poderia fazer o checkout mais tarde?
d) T
here are some .
b. complimentary
a. late checkout
c. full capacity
Part 4.
Grammar In this chapter, we are going to focus on some grammar topics concerning
checking out.
Something very important when we talk about the checkout is to be aware of
the time you should leave your room and hand over the keys to the front desk.
Typically, hotels have the checkout time displayed at the front desk or even in a
document containing the hotel policies, which will be available in the room. But if
you have questions, just ask:
Notice that we used the question word what combined with the word
time to ask about the time we are supposed to check out.
And the answer will probably be the following:
Checkout is at 12 p.m.
O checkout é ao meio-dia.
Here we used a preposition of time, at, because we are referring to scheduled time.
If we ask for the time it is right now, the question word will be the same, what time,
but the answer will not include at. Look at the example:
As you can see, we didn’t use at in the answer because it is not scheduled time.
We also used o’clock, because we are referring to time on the hour, that is, from
1 to 12, with no extra minutes.
Here we are talking about a scheduled time for a shuttle. That’s why we used at.
When it comes to time, there is also the possibility of referring to a period of time. If
we want to ask the duration of an event, we should use how long. Check it out:
Here we asked about the period of time necessary to arrive at the airport, so we
used how long. In this case, we can’t use What time.
A possible answer to this question could be the following:
So, we use the prepositions from and to to establish that the duration of the trip may
vary within those minutes.
Imagine another common checkout situation: You are running late and decide to
request a complimentary late checkout. You may wonder how long you can stay in
the room. So you say:
Again, you will use How long to know the period of time you are still allowed to
stay in the room.
And the answer could be like this:
Here, we used until to express a period of time that lasts from the
time we speak up to that particular time, in this case, 3 p.m.
So far, we have seen some very common prepositions to talk
about time or duration. Let’s recap:
PREPOSITIONS OF TIME
To talk about the night, we will no longer use in, but at. Moreover, we
won’t use the definite article the, but simply say at night.
So we have in the morning, in the afternoon, and at night. Note
that the preposition varies according to the word with which it is
combined.
When we want to ask about the moment of the day, year, or month
in which a situation occurs, we have to use another question word:
when.
When does not refer to scheduled time or period of time, but to a
broader moment in which something happens, happened, or will
happen. Let’s take a look at an example:
It opens at night.
Ele abre à noite.
GRAMMAR GUIDE
Part 5.
Grammar
A. Match the columns according to the functions of the question words.
Activities
( ) here must be a lot of guest reviews online where you’ll find this information
T
Deve haver muitas avaliações online de hóspedes onde você vai achar essa informação
B. F
ill in the blanks with the appropriate preposition.
e. from – to
d. until
f. at
d) You can stay 3 p.m.
Activity B – Answers
Você pode ficar até 3h da tarde.
b. in
c. at
a. in
Ele leva de 40 a 50 minutos.
2/1/3/1/2
f) T he shuttle to the airport leaves 1 p.m.
Activity A –
Answers
O traslado para o aeroporto sai à 1h da tarde.
Notes
Guide
Grammar
GuideAdjectives
Adjectives are used to describe ADJE CTIVES
things. We can use adjectives to Subject + Verb + Adjective
describe objects, people, places,
the weather, and food, for example.
Mary is smart.
Adjectives don’t have singular Mary é esperta.
or plural forms or feminine and (subject: Mary + verb: is + adjective: smart)
masculine, and they always refer
to nouns or pronouns. John is smart.
Adjectives are used mainly in two John é esperto.
positions. In the first one, a noun or a (subject: John + verb: is + adjective: smart)
pronoun is the subject of the sentence,
followed by the verb and the adjective. Mary and John are smart.
Mary e John são espertos.
(subject: Mary and John + verb: are + adjective: smart)
The other position for adjectives is right before the noun to which they refer.
In this case, we’ll have a determiner (if necessary), the adjective and the noun.
Take a look:
ADJE CTIVES
(Determiner) + Adjective + Noun
DE TERMINERS
Article: the/a/an
Artigo: o(a) / um(a)
Let’s see some examples with determiners before the adjective and the noun.
ADJE CTIVES
(Determiner) + Adjective + Noun
ADJE CTIVES
When you use more than one adjective in a sentence, there is an order to be followed. Check it out:
It’s not common to use many adjectives for the same noun, but it’s possible.
BE + SUPPOSED + INFINITIVE
Take a look at its structure in the affirmative form and some examples:
BE SUPPOSED + INFINITIVE
Affirmative
Subject + Be Supposed + Verb on the infinitive + Complement
Sujeito + Be Supposed + Verbo no Infinitivo + Complemento
In its negative form, Be Supposed + Infinitive can refer to something that people are expected
not to do or maybe to something that is prohibited:
B E SUPPOSED + INFINITIVE
Negative
Subject + Be + NOT + Supposed + Verb on the Infinitive + Complement
Sujeito + Be + NOT + Supposed + Verbo no Infinitivo + Complemento
In the interrogative form, we can use it to ask questions about what is expected from people.
BE SUPPOSED + INFINITIVE
Interrogative
Subject + Be + NOT + Supposed + Verb on the Infinitive + Complement
Be + Sujeito + Supposed + Verbo no Infinitivo + Complemento
BE SUPPOSED + INFINITIVE
Past
Subject + Verb to Be in the Past + Supposed + Verb on the Infinitive + Complement
Sujeito + Verbo to Be no Passado + Verbo no Infinitivo + Complemento
Peter was not supposed to leave without my permission. Why did he?
O Peter não deveria sair sem a minha permissão. Por que ele saiu?
Esperava-se que o Peter não saísse sem a minha permissão. Por que ele saiu?
Use: To express what should have happened, but did not happen.
Uso: Para expressar o que deveria ter acontecido, mas não aconteceu.
CARDINAL NUMBERS
CARDINAL NUMBERS
CARDINAL NUMBERS
Hundreds Thousands/Millions/Billions
100 – One hundred 1,000 – one thousand
A hundred
1,500 – one thousand five hundred
200 – Two hundred fifteen hundred
300 – Three hundred 1,800 – one thousand eight hundred
400 – Four hundred eighteen hundred
Notice that in English, the thousands, millions, and billions are usually separated by commas.
Round numbers between 1,100 and 1,900 can be spoken in two different ways. For example, the
number 1,500 can be pronounced as fifteen hundred or one thousand five hundred. It’s common
in informal contexts.
We generally use a instead of one to say a hundred, a thousand, and a million. We will use one
hundred, one thousand, or one million when we want to give emphasis to the exact quantity.
Compare:
CARDINAL NUMBERS
A or One
The next gas station is about a hundred miles from here. (Neutral)
O próximo posto de gasolina fica a mais ou menos cem milhas daqui. (Neutro)
Do we really have to drive one hundred miles up to the next gas station? (Emphasizing)
A gente tem mesmo que dirigir cem milhas até o próximo posto de gasolina? (Enfático)
CARDINAL NUMBERS
Prices and Values
I bought an airline ticket from New York to Sydney for twelve hundred dollars (U$ 1,200).
Eu comprei uma passagem de Nova York a Sydney por mil e duzentos dólares.
We went to a store where everything was three dollars ninety-nine cents (U$ 3.99).
Fomos a uma loja em que tudo custava três dólares e noventa e nove centavos.
We will also use cardinal numbers to talk about years and decades.
When we talk about years, there are some variations in the spoken language. Years are usually pronounced
in two blocks. For instance, 1776 is pronounced as seventeen (17) seventy-six (76).
But years can also be pronounced as one block, especially the years after the year two thousand, 2000.
For instance, the year 2016 is commonly pronounced as two thousand sixteen, but you may hear people
saying twenty (20) sixteen (16).
CARDINAL NUMBERS
Years
The United States declaration of independence was in July 1776 (seventeen seventy-six).
A declaração de independência dos Estados Unidos foi em julho de 1776.
The Summer Olympic Games in Rio were in 2016 (two thousand sixteen / twenty sixteen).
Os Jogos Olímpicos de verão no Rio foram em 2016.
In 2018 (two thousand eighteen / twenty eighteen), the World Cup was in Russia.
Em 2018, a Copa do Mundo foi na Rússia.
CARDINAL NUMBERS
Decades
And now you know how to read and use cardinal numbers.
ORDINAL NUMBERS
Order of things or events
There are basically two structures to use the comparative form of adjectives and
adverbs. One is when we have a short adverb or adjective. In these cases, we’ll
add -ER at the end of the adjective or adverb.
When we mention the two elements, we also use than right after the
comparative form.
The other structure is for long adverbs or adjectives. In that case, we’ll use more
before it. The rule for using the word than is the same. If we mention the element
of comparison, we’ll use it.
Short adjectives are the ones that have one syllable, and they have some spelling rules that
must be observed. In most cases, we simply add -ER.
young younger
jovem mais jovem
strong stronger
forte mais forte
high higher
alto mais alto
COMPARATIVES
One-syllable Adjectives and Adverbs – Special Cases
Ending in E: Add -R
Terminação em E: Adicionar -R
nice nicer
legal mais legal
wise wiser
sábio mais sábio
COMPARATIVES
One-syllable Adjectives and Adverbs – Special Cases
dry drier
seco mais seco
shy shier
tímido mais tímido
COMPARATIVES
One-syllable Adjectives and Adverbs – Special Cases
hot hotter
quente mais quente
big bigger
grande maior
COMPARATIVES
Two-syllable Adjectives and Adverbs – Special Cases
shallow shallower
raso mais raso
COMPARATIVES
Long Adjectives and Adverbs
There are also some irregular comparative forms that do not fit the rules.
COMPARATIVES
Irregular Adjectives and Adverbs
And now you know how to make comparisons in English using adjectives and adverbs.
INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES
Structures
INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES
Verb forms with the verb to be as the main verb (simple present and simple past)
Is she a lawyer?
Ela é advogada?
However, in the case of verb forms in which the main verb is not
the verb to be, one auxiliary verb or a modal verb is required.
INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES
Verb forms with other verbs as the main verb
Are you studying for the test? ( main verb: study in the -ING form)
Você está estudando para a prova?
(The verb to be works as an auxiliary, and the sentence is in the present continuous)
INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES
Verbs forms with more than one auxiliary verb
Have you been studying for the test? ( main verb: study in the -ING form)
Você tem estudado para a prova?
(The verb to have works as the first auxiliary, and the verb to be in the past participle, as the second)
Have you been waiting for a long time? ( main verb: wait in the -ING form)
Você está esperando há muito tempo?
(The verb to have works as the first auxiliary, and the verb to be in the past participle, as the second)
Notice that in English when someone asks a question using auxiliaries, we can give a long or a short
answer, and to give a short answer we need to use the auxiliary verb.
INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES
Long and short answers
Do you like chocolate? Yes, I like chocolate. Yes, I do. Yes, I like.
Você gosta de chocolate? Sim, eu gosto de chocolate. Sim, eu gosto.
MODAL VERBS
Affirmative Form
I can drive.
Eu posso dirigir.
(subject: I + modal verb: can + main verb: drive)
In negative sentences, we keep the same pattern, but include NOT after the
modal verb. We generally use the contracted form can’t.
MODAL VERBS
Negative Form
I can’t drive.
Eu não posso dirigir.
(subject: I + modal verb: can + not (can’t) + main verb: drive)
MODAL VERBS
Interrogative Form
The modal verb can in its affirmative form typically expresses possibility, present ability,
and permission. In the negative form, it expresses lack of possibility, lack of ability, and lack
of permission.
MODAL VERBS
Uses
Affirmative Negative
Interrogative
Asking a Favor
Can you help me?
Eu não posso te encontrar mais tarde.
It’s important to acknowledge that these uses are usually easily noticed within the context, since the same
sentence in different contexts may have different meanings.
You can speak English. You have the ability to speak English.
Você pode/sabe falar inglês. Você tem habilidade para falar inglês.
MODAL VERBS
Affirmative
In negative sentences, we’ll include the word not after the modal verb.
When we use the negative form, we generally use the contracted form couldn’t.
MODAL VERBS
Negative
Subject + Modal Verb + Not + Main Verb in the Base Form + Complement
MODAL VERBS
Interrogative
It’s important to notice that modal verbs in general should be associated with their functions in the context,
and not with time ( past, present or future). This is particularly important when analyzing the modal verb
could, since the time reference may change drastically according to its function in the context.
The modal verb could in its affirmative and negative forms can be used to express probability or lack of
probability, either of a present or a future event. It can also refer to abilities, but in such case, could refers to
past abilities.
Mary is not home right now. She’s usually at her parents’ in the morning. She could be there.
Mary não está em casa agora. Ela geralmente está na casa de seus pais de manhã. Ela pode estar lá.
(She could be there = It’s possible that she is there)
We can also use the modal verb could to talk about probability in the future, that is, the chances for
something to happen.
Brian is just as good. But he couldn’t be the new manager; he has no management skills.
Brian é tão bom quanto ela. Mas ele não poderia ser o novo gerente; ele não tem habilidades gerenciais.
(He couldn’t be the new manager = It’s not likely to happen)
Kevin won a lot of football tournaments back in our school days. Boy, he could run!
Kevin ganhou muitos torneios de futebol americano na época de escola. Cara, como ele
sabia/podia correr!
The modal verb could in the interrogative form is used to ask about possibilities
or abilities in the past.
In the interrogative, the modal verb could is also very frequently used to make
requests in a polite way, either asking for a favor or for permission.
And now you know how to use the modal verb could.
MODAL VERBS
Sentence Structure
Affirmative Form
Subject + Modal Verb + Main Verb in the Base Form + Complement (if necessary)
Sujeito + Modal Verb + Verbo Principal na Forma Base + Complemento (se necessário)
Negative Form
Subject + Modal Verb + Not + Main Verb in the Base Form + Complement (if necessary)
Sujeito + Modal Verb + Not + Verbo Principal na Forma Base + Complemento (se necessário)
Interrogative Form
Modal Verb + Subject + Main Verb in the Base Form + Complement (if necessary)
Modal Verb + Sujeito + Verbo Principal na Forma Base + Complemento (se necessário)
It may rain.
Pode chover. / Pode ser que chova.
(There is a reasonable chance that it will rain).
The modal verb may can also be used to say that there
is a chance that something does not happen.
In this case, we use it in the negative form. Take a look:
I may not be the best student in class, but I’m very dedicated.
Eu posso não ser o melhor aluno da turma, mas eu sou muito dedicado.
Be careful with the pieces of news you read on social media. They may not be true.
Tenha cuidado com notícias que você lê nas redes sociais. Elas podem não ser verdadeiras.
When we ask for permission, the interrogative form can only be used in the first person.
However, when we answer these permission requests, that is, when we give permission or not, we will use
the affirmative or the negative forms in the second person. Have a look:
Asking for permission: Excuse me, Ms. Sullivan. May I come in?
Com licença, senhora Sullivan. Eu posso entrar?
Giving permission, or not: Yes, you may come in. / No, you may not come in.
Sim, você pode entrar. / Não, você não pode entrar.
And now you know how to use the modal verb may.
MODAL VERBS
Sentence Structure
Affirmative Form
Subject + Modal Verb + Main Verb in the Base Form + Complement (if necessary)
Sujeito + Modal Verb + Verbo Principal na Forma Base + Complemento (se necessário)
Negative Form
Subject + Modal Verb + Not + Main Verb in the Base Form + Complement (if necessary)
Sujeito + Modal Verb + Not + Verbo Principal na Forma Base + Complemento (se necessário)
Interrogative Form
Modal Verb + Subject + Main Verb in the Base Form + Complement (if necessary)
Modal Verb + Sujeito + Verbo Principal na Forma Base + Complemento (se necessário)
John’s son was born. He must be very happy. It must be nice to be rich.
O filho do John nasceu. Ele deve estar muito feliz. Deve ser legal ser rico.
Visitors must not ( mustn’t) cross this line. This is a restricted area.
Os visitantes não podem cruzar esta linha. Esta é uma área restrita.
Must is rarely used in the interrogative form, but it can be used to confirm or to
double-check duties and obligations. For instance:
MODAL VERBS
Sentence Structure
Affirmative Form
Subject + Modal Verb + Main Verb in the Base Form + Complement (if necessary)
Sujeito + Modal Verb + Verbo Principal na Forma Base + Complemento (se necessário)
Negative Form
Subject + Modal Verb + Not + Main Verb in the Base Form + Complement (if necessary)
Sujeito + Modal Verb + Not + Verbo Principal na Forma Base + Complemento (se necessário)
Interrogative Form
Modal Verb + Subject + Main Verb in the Base Form + Complement (if necessary)
Modal Verb + Sujeito + Verbo Principal na Forma Base + Complemento (se necessário)
In some cases, the modal verb would is used as a softer and less definitive form of the modal will,
or as the past of will when we are reporting sentences.
Expressing hypothesis is one of the most common uses of the modal verb would. And since it is
used to express hypothetical situations, you’ll see that it is used in many conditional sentences.
In such cases, we’ll use a clause with would to refer to unreal or uncertain situations together with
an if-clause.
We can also use would to make polite requests. If we observe it carefully, we’ll see that it’s still
a request made from a hypothetical perspective, but now you are actually asking something
from someone.
Would you help me with my project? Would you like some coffee?
Você me ajudaria com o meu projeto? Você aceitaria um café?
Would you go to the grocery store for me? Would you like me to drive you home?
Você iria ao supermercado para mim? Você gostaria que eu te levasse para casa?
I asked her what was going on, but she wouldn’t tell me.
Perguntei o que estava acontecendo, mas ela não quis me dizer.
(I asked her in the past and she refused to tell me.)
When I was younger, I would argue with my brother all the time.
Quando eu era mais novo, eu discutia com meu irmão o tempo todo.
(It was a typical behavior in the past.)
We can use would in expressions too. Would rather is used to say we prefer
one thing to another. Most of the times, we use the contracted form, which is
“I’d rather.”
Another commonly used expression with would is “would mind.” We use it to ask for favors or permission.
But the structure is a bit different. Check it out in the following box.
Would you mind opening the window? Would you mind if I opened the window?
Você se importaria de abrir a janela? Você se importaria se eu abrisse a janela?
(Would you mind + verb in the -ING form) (Would you mind if + subject + verb in the past)
ORDINAL NUMBERS
FIRST = 1st
SECOND = 2nd
THIRD = 3rd
Other ordinal numbers that do not end in one, two, or three will be written with
a final th. For example: fourth, seventh, eleventh, and twentieth. So this is also
how we will write the numbers—followed by “th.”
Concerning ordinal numbers that end in a unit, only the unit is read as an
ordinal number. For example: we’ll say twenty-first (21st ), twenty-second
(22nd ), and so on. Check more examples in the following table.
ORDINAL NUMBERS
Order of things or events
One of the tallest rooftops in Europe is on the ninety-fifth floor of the Federation Tower in Moscow.
O terraço mais alto da Europa fica no nonagésimo quinto andar da Federation Tower, em Moscou.
The first modern Olympic Games were held in Athens, Greece, in 1896.
Os primeiros Jogos Olímpicos modernos foram realizados em Atenas, Grécia, em 1896.
In English, ordinal numbers are also used in dates. And in such case, we may or may not use the article
before the ordinal number in spoken language.
ORDINAL NUMBERS
Days of the Month
CARDINAL NUMBERS
Centuries
Ordinal numbers are also used to read titles of queens and kings. They will be spelled in Roman
numerals but read as ordinal numbers proceeded by the article the.
ORDINAL NUMBERS
Queens and Kings’ Titles
Henry VIII was the King of England from 1509 until his death in 1547.
(Henry the eighth was the King of England from 1509 until his death in 1547.)
Henrique VIII foi o rei da Inglaterra de 1509 até a sua morte em 1547.
PREPOSITIONS OF TIME
Now, we’ll go over each of these prepositions separately. We’ll start with the preposition IN referring to time.
PREPOSITIONS OF TIME - IN
PREPOSITIONS OF TIME - ON
We use AT for scheduled time, holidays, and before some parts of the day as well.
PREPOSITIONS OF TIME - AT
PREPOSITIONS OF TIME
Since, During, and For
Other common prepositions are before and after. Before means earlier in time,
and after means later than something.
PREPOSITIONS OF TIME
Before and After
The use of these two prepositions might be confusing. Until focuses on a process
that happens up to a certain point in time, and by means before or not later than
a particular time, and it’s commonly used for deadlines. So, let’s compare some
sentences so we can understand them better.
PREPOSITIONS OF TIME
Until and By
Now
Nowyou
youknow
knowwhat
whatprepositions
the present continuous
are and you’ve
is allseen
about:
someyou’ve
examples
seen its
on
structure,
howsome
to useexamples,
common and
prepositions
how to properly
of time. use it.
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
Structure
Affirmative
Subject + To Be + Verb in the -ING Form + Complement
I am watching a movie.
Eu estou assistindo a um filme.
Negative
Subject + To Be + Not + Verb in the -ING Form + Complement
Interrogative
To Be + Subject + Verb in the -ING Form + Complement
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
Repeated Temporary Actions and Events
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
Gradual Change
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
Future
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
Non-progressive Verbs in Continuous Forms: Different Meaning
I am seeing someone.
Eu estou saindo com alguém.
Now you know what the present continuous is all about: you’ve seen its
structure, some examples, and how to properly use it.
The structure for direct questions is the question word followed by the
interrogative form, and it can be used with different verb forms.
In the simple present, we can use how with the verb to be or with other verbs.
The difference is that when the verb to be is the main verb, we do not use an
auxiliary verb. For all the other verbs, an auxiliary must be used to create the
questions.
Check out some examples:
Structure: How + Auxiliary Verb + Subject + Main Verb in the Base Form
+ Complement (if necessary)
How can also be used in the simple past, and the structure will follow the same
pattern of the simple present. The difference is that the verb to be or the auxiliary
verb will be conjugated in the past.
Structure: How + Auxiliary Verb + Subject + Main Verb in the Base Form +
Complement (if necessary)
The question word how can also be used with continuous forms such as the
present and the past continuous. In this case, we’ll use how followed by the
interrogative form of these structures.
For the interrogative form of the present and past continuous, the verb to be
works as an auxiliary verb, followed by the subject, the main verb in the -ING
form, and a complement, if necessary.
It is also possible to use how with perfect forms such as the present perfect and
the present perfect continuous.
If you want to ask more specific questions using how, you can use an
adjective or an adverb after it. Check out the examples.
How much is this T-shirt? How many people were there at the concert?
Quanto custa esta camiseta? Quantas pessoas havia no show?
(How + Much = Amount or Price) (How + Many = Quantity)
How long does it take to get there? How tall is your brother?
Qual tempo demora para chegar lá? Qual é a altura do seu irmão?
(How + Long = Duration) (How + Tall = Height for People)
HOW ABOUT
Offers and Suggestions
HOW ABOUT
Reason and Surprise (Informal)
How + Adjective
How beautiful!
Que bonito!
(How + Adjective “beautiful”)
And now you know different ways to use the question word how, it’s meaning, structures in
different verb forms, as well as how to use it in exclamations.
But when we ask direct questions with the question word what, there are three
possible structures.
It is important to notice that the structure what + interrogative form will never be used for
questions about the subject of the sentence. When we follow this structure, it means that the
subject is included in the given question.
Let’s take a closer look:
(The question is not about who performs the action, but about what the person
wants. The subject “she” is part of the question. The core answer is “eggs and toast.”)
(Não tem relação com o sujeito, mas com o que o sujeito quer fazer.
O sujeito “ela” é parte da pergunta. A resposta central é “ovos e torradas”.)
I was traveling.
Eu estava viajando.
(It’s not about who was performing the action, but what the person was doing.
The subject “you,” which is part of the question, becomes “I” in the answer.
And the core answer is “traveling.”)
(Não tem relação com quem estava fazendo a ação, mas com o que a pessoa estava
fazendo. O sujeito “você”, que é parte da pergunta, vira “eu” na resposta.
A resposta central é “viajando”.)
What makes you happy? Spending time with my family makes me happy.
O que deixa você feliz? Passar tempo com a minha família me deixa feliz.
(The core answer is “spending time with my family,” which is the subject of the answer and is not
part of the question. That is why the verb in question is in the third person singular “makes.”)
(A resposta central é “passar tempo com a minha família”, que é o sujeito da resposta e não faz parte da
pergunta. Por isso o verbo da pergunta está na terceira pessoa do singular “makes”, deixa.)
(The core answer is “a music festival,” which is the subject of the answer and is not part
of the question. That is why the verb in question is in the third person singular “is.”)
(A resposta central é “um festival de música”, que é o sujeito da resposta e não faz parte
da pergunta. Por isso o verbo da pergunta está na terceira pessoa do singular “is”, está.)
(The core answer is “not having money to pay their bills,” which is the subject of the answer and is
not part of the question. That is why the verb in question is in the third person singular “is.”)
(A resposta central é “não ter dinheiro para pagar suas contas”, que é o sujeito da resposta e não faz
parte da pergunta. Por isso o verbo da pergunta está na terceira pessoa do singular “is”, está.)
(1) (2)
What’s happening?
If you want to ask a more specific question using what, place a noun right after
the question word.
Great idea.
Ótima ideia.
What’s up?
E aí?
What now?
O que agora?
What a song!
Que música!
(What + Article “a” + Noun “song”)
Now you know different ways in which you can use the question word what, the structure used
with different verb forms, as well as how to use it in exclamations and expressions.
When
Quando
Check out some examples of when used in direct and indirect questions:
Structure: When + Auxiliary Verb + Subject + Main Verb in the Base Form +
Complement (if necessary)
We can use when with continuous forms such as the present continuous to
indicate actions in the future.
PRESENT PERFECT
Structure: When + Verb To Have + Subject +
Main Verb in the Past Participle + Complement (if necessary)
QUESTION WORDS
Specific Time
And now you know what a question word is and how to use the question
word when with different verb forms.
SIMPLE PRESENT
The basic structure for the affirmative form is the SVC structure, that is, subject,
main verb, and complement. And the verb conjugation works like this: we’ll use the
base form of the verb for all persons, except for the third person singular. In this
case, we’ll add –S, –ES, or –IES to the end of the verb, depending on how it’s spelled.
SIMPLE PRESENT
Affirmative Form
Singular Plural
He works here.
Ele trabalha aqui.
Notice that we do not use the auxiliary verb in the affirmative form. But it’s possible to use it to
add emphasis to a statement. In that case, the auxiliary verb is placed before the main verb.
SIMPLE PRESENT
Affirmative Form: Adding Emphasis
(The verb “do” is used as an auxiliary. So it does not have a meaning, but a function).
(O verbo “do” é usado como auxiliar. Portanto, não tem um significado, mas uma função).
SIMPLE PRESENT
Negative Form
Singular Plural
The basic interrogative form structure in the simple present is the auxiliary verb do conjugated according to
the subject, the subject, the main verb in its base form, and the complement, if necessary.
So the position of the auxiliary verb and the subject is inverted, and, once again, in the third person singular,
the main verb goes back to its base form, and the auxiliary verb is conjugated.
Check out the following table:
SIMPLE PRESENT
Interrogative Form
Singular Plural
SIMPLE PRESENT
Other Verbs – Uses
First you read the questions, then you have to mark the correct statement.
Primeiro você lê as perguntas, depois você tem que marcar a afirmação correta.
The simple present can convey the idea of immediacy and drama, and that’s why it’s commonly
used in stories or novels, in sports broadcasting, and in newspaper headlines, even when
reporting past events.
SIMPLE PRESENT
Other Verbs – Uses
She crosses the street toward him, looks back, and decides to let it go.
Ela atravessa a rua em direção a ele, olha para trás e decide deixar para lá.
He gets the ball, passes through the defense and shoots, but the goalkeeper saves it.
Ele pega a bola, passa pela defesa e chuta, mas o goleiro agarra.
SIMPLE PRESENT
Non-progressive Verbs
And now you know the structure and the most common uses of the simple present.
SIMPLE PRESENT
SIMPLE PRESENT
Verb To Be
Singular Plural
First person I am We are
Second person You are You are
Third person He/She/It is They are
SIMPLE PRESENT
Verb To Be
Affirmative
Subject + Verb To Be + Complement
I’m a writer.
Eu sou escritor.
Negative
Subject + Verb To Be + NOT + Complement
I am not a writer.
Eu não sou escritor.
Interrogative
Verb To Be + Subject + Complement
SIMPLE PRESENT
Verb To Be – Uses
Name
I am Sophie. My name is Sophie.
Eu sou Sophie. O meu nome é Sophie.
Profession Age
I am an architect. I am 36 years old.
Eu sou arquiteta. Eu tenho 36 anos.
SIMPLE PRESENT
Verb To Be – Uses
I am thirsty.
Eu estou com sede.
(It’s a state. Something I am experiencing now.)
I am skinny.
Eu sou magro(a).
(It refers to a physical characteristic.)
SIMPLE PRESENT
Verb To Be – Uses
The verb to be in the simple present is also used to talk about time and dates.
SIMPLE PRESENT
Verb To Be – Uses
We can use the verb to be in the simple present to refer to places and locations as well.
SIMPLE PRESENT
Verb To Be – Uses
And now you know when and why we use the verb to be in the simple present.
watch watching
assistir assitindo
do doing
fazer fazendo
There are also some special cases. If the verb ends in an E, drop the
E and add -ING.
take taking
pegar; levar pegando; levando
make making
fazer fazendo
run running
correr correndo
get getting
pegar pegando
swim swimming
nadar nadando
enjoy enjoying
gostar; aproveitar gostando; aproveitando
show showing
mostrar mostrando
fix fixing
consertar consertando
commit committing
(se comprometer) (se comprometendo)
whisper whispering
(sussurrar) (sussurrando)
For the verbs ending in IE, we replace IE with Y and add -ING.
die dying
morrer morrendo
lie lying
mentir mentindo
tie tying
amarrar amarrando
Now you know the spelling rules for the -ING forms.
work works
trabalhar trabalha
like likes
gostar gosta
go goes
ir vai
kiss kisses
beijar beija
watch watches
assistir assiste
crash crashes
bater bate
buzz buzzes
vibrar vibra
When the verb ends in Y and it is preceded by a consonant, drop the Y and add -IES.
carry carries
carregar carrega
study studies
estudar estuda
try tries
tentar tenta
The verb to have is an exception: in the third person singular, we’ll drop VE and add -S.
have has
ter tem
And now you know the spelling rules for the verbs inflected in the third person singular
in affirmative sentences in the simple present.
SUPERL ATIVES
Short Adjectives and Adverbs
And the following table shows the structure for long adjectives or adverbs.
SUPERL ATIVES
Long Adjectives and Adverbs
It is important to pay attention to some spelling rules as well. For the short
adjectives or adverbs, the general rule is to add -EST to the end.
There are other spelling cases. For the short adjectives or adverbs finishing in E,
we add -ST.
For the short adjectives that finish in Y, we change Y to I and add -EST.
There’s also a spelling rule for the short adjectives or adverbs that end in CVC:
consonant, vowel, consonant. In this case, we double the last consonant and
add -EST.
SUPERL ATIVES
Two-syllable Adjectives – Exceptions
There are also irregular adjectives, which may change their form completely.
I am in my best shape.
Estou na minha melhor forma.
And now you know how to use the superlative form in English.
THERE + BE
Structures
Affirmative
There + Be
Interrogative
Be + There
Negative
There + Be + Not
THERE + BE
Singular and Plural
When we talk about singular or plural forms, there are some things to which we should pay
attention. If you are talking about a list of things, use there is when the noun that follows is
also in the singular.
If there are one or more nouns in the plural, use there are and place the nouns in the plural
before the ones in the singular, if there are any.
THERE + BE
Singular and Plural
There are some apples, two bananas, and a pineapple in the fruit basket.
Tem algumas maçãs, duas bananas e um abacaxi na fruteira.
(There are One or more nouns in the plural)
THERE + BE
Informal Spoken Language
We have seen some uses of there + be in the present. However, it is important to highlight that
this structure can also be used in the past and in the future.
So we will conjugate the verb to be accordingly. If we are referring to the past, we use there
was for the singular and there were for the plural.
THERE + BE
Past: There Was / There Were
To use there + be in the future, we’ll use there will be with singular or plural nouns.
THERE + BE
Future: There Will Be
THERE + BE
Modal Verbs
We can also use there with verbs such as seem and tend before to be. In these
cases, we’ll use the infinitive form to be.
SUPERL ATIVES
Two-syllable Adjectives – Exceptions
And now you know what there + be means, its structures, and how to use it.
WILL
Structure
Affirmative
Negative
Interrogative
It won’t rain.
Não vai chover.
WILL
Uses
WILL
Uses
Promises
WILL
Uses
Refusal
WILL
Inevitability