11111

Division of Negros Occidental

Mathematics
QUARTER 1 – MODULE 1d:
SOLVING QUADRATIC EQUATIONS BY COMPLETING THE SQUARE
M9AL-Ia-b-1

Development Team of the Module

Writer: JESSA P GALIMBA

Editors: Jenny G. Ruales and Irwin V. Singson

Reviewers: Ma. Teresa F. Mijares, EPS and Mitchelle A. Casiple

MATH 9
QUARTER 1 - WEEK 1

QUADRATIC EQUATION BY COMPLETING THE SQUARE

TASK ANALYSIS
Solve quadratic equation by (c) completing the square M9AL-Ia-b-1
First, let us recall what is
a quadratic equation
Quadratic Equation
A Quadratic Equation in one variable is a
mathematical sentence of degree 2 that can be written
in the following form:

𝒂𝒙𝟐 + 𝒃𝒙 + 𝒄 = 𝟎
Where 𝑎, 𝑏 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑐 are real numbers and 𝑎 ≠ 0

Example:
2x2 + 5x + 3 = 0

x2 + 2x – 3 = 0

Since we already discuss what is quadratic

equation.

Let us now proceed in identifying equation if it

is quadratic or not.

Activity 1

Determine the given expression as quadratic or not. Write Q if it

is quadratic and NQ if is not

________1. x + 5 = -2

________2. 𝑥 2 – 5 = x

______ __3. -2𝑥 2 = 0

________4. x – 10 = 3x

________5. 𝑥 3 + 𝑥 2 = -1
 In your previous year, I know you
discuss about Perfect square
trinomial. So let us review about it.

Perfect Square Trinomial

 First and last term are perfect square
 Middle term is twice the product of the square root of the first
and last terms

Example:
Middle Term
2
x + 4x + 4 𝟒𝒙 = √𝒙𝟐 • √𝟒

first term last term

(perfect squares)

Let’s try some exercises .

Activity 2
Determine each of the following whether it is a perfect square
trinomial or not. Write PST if it is a perfect square trinomial
and NSPT if it is not.

_______1. x2 + 2x – 2

_______2. x2 + 4x + 4

_______3. 4x2 – 8x + 2

_______4. x2 – 6x + 9

_______5. 2x2 – 4x + 4
 How to transform a perfect square Simply get the square root of the first
trinomial to a square of a binomial? term, copy the sign of the middle term..
.

Very good.. so here

is the example And.. get the square root of
the third term. Then square the
given binomial.
 Let us proceed on how to solve How?
quadratic equation by
completing the square.

To solve each equation,

there are steps to be
followed.

Another method of solving quadratic equation is by completing the

square. This method involves transforming the quadratic equation
ax2+ bx + c = 0 into the form (x-h)2 = k, where k 0

≥
STEPS IN SOLVING QUADRATIC EQUATION BY
COMPLETING THE SQUARE

1. Divide both sides of the equation by a then simplify.

2. Write the equation such that terms with variables are on the left
side of the equation and the constant term is on the right side.
3. Add the square one half of the coefficient of x on both sides of
the resulting equation.
The left side of the equation becomes a perfect square trinomial.
4. Express the perfect square trinomial on the left side of the
equation as a square of binomial.
5. Solve the resulting quadratic equation by extracting the square
root.
6. Solve the resulting linear equation
7. Check the solutions obtained against the original equation.
Both values of x satisfy the given equation. So the equation 2x 2 + 8x – 10 = 0 is true
when x = 1 or when x = -5

The equation 2x 2 + 8x – 10 = 0 has two solutions: x = 1 or x = -5

6. Check the solutions obtained against the equation x 2 + 3x – 18 = 0

For x = 3 For x = -6

x2 + 3x – 18 = 0 x2 + 3x – 18 = 0

(3)2 + 3(3) – 18 = (-6)2 + 3(-6) – 18 =

0 0

9 + 9 – 18 = 0 36- 18 – 18 = 0

0=0 0=0

Both values x satisfy the given equation. So the equation x 2 + 3x – 18 = 0 is true

when x=3 or when x = - 6

Let’s try this activity.

ACTIVITY 3

Direction: Solve the following equation by completing

the square

1. 2𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 − 5 = 0

2. 2𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 − 5 = 0
Answer Card
 ACTIVITY 1 ACTIVITY 2
1. 1. NPST
NQ
2. PST
2.
Q
3. NPST
3. 4. NPST
Q
5. NPST
4.
NQ

5.
NQ

ACTIVITY 3

1. 2.
1. 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟕𝒙 + 𝟏𝟐 = 𝟎
2. . 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟔𝒙 + 𝟓 = 𝟎

4 7 1 . 𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 = −5
ASSESSMENT
𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 + 9 = −5 + 9
3. . 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟖𝒙 + 𝟏𝟓 = 𝟎
2
(𝑥 + 3) = ±4 𝑥 2 + 8𝑥 = −15
𝑥 2 + 8𝑥 + 16 = −15 + 16
𝑥 + 3 = ±2 (𝑥 + 4)2 = 1
𝑥 + 4 = ±1
𝑥+3=2
𝑥 = 2−3 𝑥+4=1
𝑥 = −1 𝑥 = 1−4
𝑥+ ±
𝑥 = −3
𝑥 + 3 = −2
𝑥 = −2 − 3
𝑥 = −5 𝑥 + 4 = −1
𝑥 = −1 − 4
Therefore the solutions
𝑥 = −5 are
−𝟏 𝒂𝒏𝒅 − 𝟓

Therefore the solutions are

−𝟑 and −𝟓

7 1 7 1
𝑥+ 2
= 2
𝑥+ 2
= −2

1 7 1 7
𝑥= 2
− 2
𝑥=− 2
− 2

𝑥 = −3 𝑥=
−4
Therefore the solutions are
−𝟑 𝒂𝒏𝒅 − 𝟒
4. 𝟒𝒙𝟐 − 𝟑𝟐𝒙 = −𝟐𝟖
5. 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟏𝟐𝒙 + 𝟑𝟐 = 𝟎
4𝑥2 − 32𝑥 −28
𝑥 2 + 12𝑥 = −32
𝑥 2 + 12𝑥 + 36 = −32 + 36
2
(𝑥 + 6) = 4
𝑥 + 6 = ±√ 4
𝑥 + 6 = ±2
4 4
𝑥+6=2
2
𝑥 − 8𝑥 = −7 𝑥 = 2−6
𝑥 = −4
𝑥 2 − 8𝑥 + 16 = −7 + 16
(𝑥 − 4)2 = 9 𝑥 + 6 = −2
𝑥 − 4 = ±√ 9 𝑥 = −2 − 6
𝑥 − 4 = ±3 𝑥 = −8

𝑥−4= 3 𝑥 − 4 = −3 Therefore the solutions are −4 𝑎𝑛𝑑 − 8

𝑥 =3+4 𝑥 = −3 + 4

𝑥= 𝑥=1
7
Therefore
the
solutions
are 7 and
1
 ENRICHMENT

Let x be the length of a side of the square piece of metal. The box will have a height of of 1 foot
and its square base will have 𝑥 − 2 as the length of a side. The volume of the box is therefore

𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑥 𝑤𝑖𝑑𝑡ℎ 𝑥 ℎ𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 = 1(𝑥 − 2)(𝑥 − 2) = (𝑥 − 2)2

since the volume of the box is to be 4 cubic feet,

(𝑥 − 2)2 = 4
𝑥 − 2 = ±2
𝑥−2=2 𝑥 − 2 = −2
𝑥=4 𝑥=0

Discard the solution 𝑥 = 0 because the length cannot be zero. Therefore, the sheet should be

4 by 4 feet

REFERENCE

Mathematics Learners Material 9 pp. 35-43

Intermediate Algebra pp. 48-50

http://www.mathisfun.com./algebra/completing square.html

http://www.purplemath.com/modules/sqrquad.htm

Prepared by:
 ALTHEA B. GALIMBA
HINIGARAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL