Margarita Díaz Torres

31 BB

Guide:
Types of cells:
Eukaryotic:
They are divided into multiple linear chromosomes. Organized with proteins into a
complex structure.

Pant Cell (chloroplast, cell wall central vacuole) and Animal Cell (Contains
cytoskeleton, the plasma membrane that encases the cell)

Differences:
 The eukaryotic cells have nucleus and organelles
 Cell wall
 They are more complex
 They are bigger because they can mi multi-cellular organisms.

Prokaryotic:
Do not have a nucleus, mitochondria, or any other membrane-bound organelles. In
other words, all their intracellular water-soluble components (proteins, DNA and
metabolites) are located together in the same area enclosed by cell membrane

Achaea (lack of peptidoglycan) and Bacteria (cell wall composed of peptidoglycan)

Differences:
 Don’t have nucleus.
 They are small.
 All of them have cell wall (made of peptiduglicane).
 No organelles.
 They can have a flagellum.
 Plasmatic membrane more resistance.

Transcription: DNA to RNA

Translation: RNA to protein
Margarita Díaz Torres
31 BB

Organelles:

Plasma membrane: Regulate what passes into and out of

cell, cell-to-cell recognition, connection and adhesion, cell
communication.

Nucleus: Instructions for proteins synthesis and cell

reproduction, contains genetic information.

Ribosome: Sites of proteins synthesis.

Endoplasmic Reticulum: Intracellular compartment forms
transport vesicles; participates in lipid synthesis of membrane or
secreted proteins.

Golgi apparatus: Packages proteins for export from cell;

forms secretory vesicles.

Lysosomes: Digest the trash.

Mitochondria: Transform carbohydrates to energy.

Chloroplasts: Synthesize carbohydrates (photosynthesis)

Cell Wall: Protection and support.

Margarita Díaz Torres
31 BB

The Cell Theory:

Cells are the basic unit of structure of all living things. (Possible by advances in
microscopy) New cells are formed from other existing cells and the cell is a
fundamental unit of structure, physiology, and organization in a living organisms.