Contents

Introduction vi

CHAPTER 1 Algebra 1

Sequences and rules 1

Finding missing terms 2

Finding the general term (nth term) 4

Functions and mappings 6

Using letter symbols to represent functions 8

A function investigation 11

National Test questions 12

Functional Maths – Valencia Planetarium 14

CHAPTER 2 Number 1

Decimals 16

Ordering decimals 18

Directed numbers 20

Estimates 22

Column method for addition, subtraction and

multiplication 24

Solving problems 26

National Test questions 28

CHAPTER 3 Geometry and Measures 1

Length, perimeter and area 30

Areas of some 2-D shapes 35

3-D shapes 38

Surface area and volume of cuboids 41

National Test questions 44

Functional Maths – Design a bedroom 46

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CHAPTER 4 Number 2

Fractions 48
Fractions and decimals 50
Adding and subtracting fractions 52
Calculations and equivalences 53
Solving problems 56
National Test questions 58

CHAPTER 5 Statistics 1

Mode, median and range 60

The mean 63
Statistical diagrams 66
Probability 68
Experimental probability 71
National Test questions 73
Functional Maths – School sports day 76

CHAPTER 6 Algebra 2

Algebraic terms and expressions 78

Rules of algebra 80
Expanding and simplifying expressions 81
Formulae 83
Equations 84
National Test questions 86
Functional Maths – Skiing trip 88

CHAPTER 7 Geometry and Measures 2

Lines and angles 90

Calculating angles 92
Coordinates 96
National Test questions 98

CHAPTER 8 Statistics 2

Using a tally chart 101

Using the correct data 102
Grouped frequencies 104
Data collection 106
National Test questions 108
Functional Maths – Be a school chef for a day 110

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 CHAPTER 9 Numbers and Measures 3

Rounding 112
The four operations 115
BODMAS 116
Long multiplication and long division 118
Efficient calculations 120
Calculating with measurements 122
Solving problems 125
National Test questions 126
Functional Maths – What’s your carbon footprint 128

CHAPTER 10 Algebra 3

Square numbers and square roots 130

Triangle numbers 132
From mappings to graphs 133
More about graphs 134
Questions about graphs 136
National Test questions 138

CHAPTER 11 Geometry and Measures 3

Measuring and drawing angles 140

Constructions 142
Solving geometrical problems 145
National Test questions 148

CHAPTER 12 Number 4

Percentages 150
Ratio and proportion 152
Calculating ratios and proportions 154
Solving problems 156
National Test questions 158
Functional Maths – Smoothie bar 160

CHAPTER 13 Algebra 4

Solving ‘brick wall’ problems 162

Square-and-circle problems 163
Triangle-and-circle problems 166
National Test questions 168
Functional Maths – Child trust fund 170

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CHAPTER 14 Geometry and Measures 4

Line symmetry and rotational symmetry 172

Reflections 175
Rotations 177
Translations 179
Enlargements 181
National Test questions 184
Functional Maths – Landmark spotting 186

CHAPTER 15 Statistics 3

Pie charts 188

Comparing data 190
Statistical surveys 192
Comparing experimental and theoretical probabilities 194
National Test questions 197

CHAPTER 16 Number 5

Multiplying decimals 200

Dividing decimals 201
Using a calculator 203
Fractions of quantities 205
Percentages of quantities 206
Solving problems 208
National Test questions 209
Functional Maths – Running a small business 212

CHAPTER 17 Algebra 5

Solving equations 214

Formulae 216
Dotty investigations 217
Graphs from the real world 219
Other types of problem 221
National Test questions 224

CHAPTER 18 Geometry and Measures 5

Polygons 225
Tessellations 228
Constructing 3-D shapes 229
National Test questions 232