DATA TABLE

SOLUTION COLOR pH BASE ACID NEUTRAL

1. Vinegar Orange 3 ✓
2. Pineapple juice Light orange 4 ✓
3. Calamansi Dark orange 2 ✓
4. Antacid (Kremil S) Turquoise 9 ✓
5. Lotion (NIVEA) Yellow 5 ✓
6. Tap water Green 7 ✓
7. Rainwater Yellow 5 ✓
8. Coffee (Black Light green 6 ✓
NESCAFE)
9. Mineral water (Le Turquoise 9 ✓
Minerale)
10. Shampoo (Dove) Green 6 ✓
11. Toothpaste Turquoise 9 ✓
(Colgate)
12. House cleaner Violet 12 ✓
(Clorox bleach)

ANALYSIS
1. Which of the liquids had the lowest pH?
Among all the liquids, calamansi has the lowest pH as it has a pH value of 2
hence, it is highly acidic compared to the other samples.
2. Which of the liquids had the highest pH?
Clorox bleach got the highest pH as it got 12. It is, therefore, a strong base which
can cause damage to skin when became in direct contact with it.
3. Which of the liquids were closest to being neutral?
As expected, tap water has a neutral pH value. However, among the acids in the
sample, coffee and shampoo are the closest to being neutral as they have a pH value of
6. On the other hand, antacid, mineral water, and toothpaste are the closest to being
neutral as they all have a pH value of 9.
4. If the pH of a sample was 3, how MANY MORE TIMES acidic is it than a
solution with a pH of 6?
We may calculate the difference in acidity by taking 10 to the third power
because a pH of 3 is three numbers higher than a pH of 6, and vice versa. Meaning, a
pH of 3 solution is 1,000 times more acidic than a pH of 6 solution.
5. If the pH of a sample were 6, how MANY MORE TIMES acidic is it than a
solution with a pH of 13?
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6. How might one correct the pH of a lake with a reading of 3?
It will correct the pH of the lake, by adding clean water to ordinary lake waters
and placing a base PH 11 in order to create neutralization reactions. Also, one of the
most common solutions to compensate for a declining pH is adding limecalcium
carbonate into acid lakes. But that's only an interim and costly solution.
7. What is the pH of human skin? Why might this be?
The optimal pH of human skin is 5,5 and can measure it with a piece of litmus
paper. pH is measured from one upwards, with one being highly acidic and 14 eight
being highly alkaline, and a pH of 7 is neutral. A pH between 1 and 6,9 is acidic and
between 7,1 and 14 is alkaline. Our sweat with the sebum on our skin to form
something called an acid mantle, which has a pH of 4 to 5.5. Using astringent soap
removes the acid mantle and can leave the skin vulnerable to fungal or bacterial
infections. Our skin is fairly acidic, which helps it ward off the advances of harmful
bacteria and fungi.
8. What is the pH of rainwater? (Use prior study)
When rain falls through the air, some carbon dioxide from the air becomes dissolved in
the water. Since carbon dioxide is an acid, the rainwater will become slightly acidic, with
a pH of just less than 7 and, according to our data, the pH value of rainwater is 5. It is a
very dilute solution of carbonic acid. However, other factors can increase the degree of
acidity of our rainwater. When fuels are burned, they release acidic gases that drift op
into the air The gases dissolve in water in clouds. When it rains, the acids are brought
back down to earth and can damage some buildings and trees. In many parts of the
USA and Europe, forests, lakes, and even water supplies have been damaged by acid
rain.