Active And Passive Voice Rules For Conversion

I. The object of the active verb becomes the subject of the passive verb.
II. The active sentence’s subject becomes the object of the passive sentence (or
is dropped). The finite form of the verb is changed to past participle or V3
form.
III. The preposition “by” is used before the passive object.

Active and Passive Voice Rules Charts:

Tense Active voice Passive voice

Present Indefinite Does/Do (Verb 1st +e/es) Is/Are/Am + Verb 3rd form

Is/Am/Are + Verb + Ing Is/Am/Are + Being +Verb 3rd

Present Continuous
form form

Has been / Have been + Verb

Present Perfect Has / Have + Verb 3rd form
3rd form
Present Perfect Has / Have been + Verb Ing Has / Have been + Being+
Continuous form Verb 3rd form

Past Indefinite Did (Verb 2nd form) Was / Were + Verb 3rd form

was/ were + being +Verb 3rd

Past Continuous was/were + Verb Ing form
form

Past Perfect Had +Verb 3rd form had been + Verb 3rd form

Past Perfect had been + being + Verb 3rd

had been +Verb Ing form
Continuous form

Future Indefinite Will/Shall + Verb 1st form Will/Shall be + Verb 3rd form

Will/Shall be +Verb Ing

Future Continuous No Passive
form

Will/Shall have+ Verb 3rd Will/Shall have been+ Verb

Future Perfect
form 3rd form

Model Verb Model + Verb 1st form Model + Be +Verb 3rd form

Future Perfect Will/Shall have been + Verb Will have been + being +Verb
Continuous Ing form 3rd form

1. Interrogative Sentences

Structure1:
Active: Do/does/did + subject + V1 + object….?
Passive: Is/are/am/was/were + object + V3 + by + subject….?

Structure2:
Active: Is/are/am/was/were + subject + verb (ing) + object…?
Passive: Is/are/am/was/were + object + being + verb (III from) + by + subject…?
 Structure3:
Active: Has/have/had + subject + verb (IIIrd form) + object…
Passive: Has/have/had + object + been + verb (IIIrd form) + by + subject…

Structure4:
Active: Who + verb (s or es)/verb (IInd form) + object…?
Passive: By whom + is/are/am/was/were + object (be) + verb (IIIrd form)?
Or

Passive: Who + is/are/am/was/were + object (be) + verb (IIIrd form) + by?

Structures5:
Active: Wh-question word + do/does/did + subject + verb (I form) + object…?
Passive: Wh-question word + Is/are/am/was/were + object + verb (III from) + by
+ subject…?

Structure6:
Active: Did + subject + verb 1st form + object…?
Passive: Was/Were + object + verb (IIIrd form) + by + subject…?

Structure7:
Active: Model + subject + verb 1st form + object…?
Passive: Model + object + be + verb (IIIrd form) + by + subject…?

Structure8:
Active: Whom + is/are/am/was/were + subject + Main Verb + object…?
Passive: Who + is/are/am/was/were + be + verb (IIIrd form) + by + subject…?

2. Imperative Sentences (Advise + Order + Request)

Positive:
Active: Verb+object
Passive:
(i) Let + object + be + past participle
(ii) You are requested/ordered/suggested + to + verb (Ist form) + object

Order
With Object
Active:- Verb 1st form + Object
Passive 1:- Let +Subject + be + Verb 3rd form
Passive 2:- You are ordered to+ Verb 1st form

Without Object
Active:- Verb 1st
Passive :- You are ordered to+ Verb 1st form
Advise
With Object
Active:- Verb 1st form + Object
Passive 1:- Subject+ Should be + Verb 3rd form
Passive 2:- You are Advised to + Verb 1st Form

Without Object
Active:- Verb 1st
Passive:- You are Advised to + Verb 1st Forms

Request
Passive :- You are Requested to + Verb 1 st Forms
(Please and Kindly)

Compulsion
Active : Subject +Has/Have +to+ verb 1st + Object
Passive: Subject+ has/have+ to be +Verb 3rd Form +by Object.

Active : Subject +is/am/are +to+ verb 1st + Object

Passive: Subject+ is/am/are+ to + be +Verb 3 rd Form +by Object.

Near Future
Active : Subject +is/am/are +to+ verb 1st + Object
Passive: Subject+ is/am/are+ to + be +Verb 3 rd Form +by Object.

These Words are not used in Passive voice

1. Police
2. Public
3. People
4. Everyone
5. Someone
6. No One
7. Anyone

Passive Voice of verbs with double objects

Direct object :- Reply to what after verb

Indirect Object:- Reply to whom after verb
Type 1

Active:- Subject +Verb+ Indirect object+ Direct Object

Passive :- Indirect Object +helping verb+ Verb 3rd form + Direct Object +by Subject

Type 2
Active :- Subject +Verb+ Direct Object+ to/for+ Indirect object.
Passive :- Direct Object+ Helping verb + Verb 3rd form +to/for + indirect Object +by
Subject

Sentences with Let

Type 1
Active:- Let+ Object + Verb 1st form
Passive 1 :- Subject +may be allowed to+ verb 1st form
Passive 2:- It is suggested that +subject+ should+ verb 1 st Form.

Type 2
Active :- let +Object 1 + Verb 1st form+ Object 2nd s
Passive:- Let +Object 2nd + be+ Verb 3rd form +by Object 1st

Sentences with There

Active;- There + is/am/are/was/were+ noun + to+ verb 1st form

Passive:- There + is/am/are/was/were+ noun + to be+ verb 3 rd form

Sentences with Bare Infinitive

Bare Infinitives (Let, Bid, Make, See, Watch, Hear, Notice, Help)

Active:- Subject+ verb +Object +Verb 1st Bare Infinitive

Passive: Subject +be +Verb 3 rd +to Verb 1st +by Object.

If Let is used in place of Main Verb in that case, Bare Infinitive is written as it is
in the passive voice

Active :- Subject +Verb+ Object +Verb 1st Bare Infinitive

Passive :- Subject +be + Verb 3rd form +Verb 1st +by Object

Sentences with Object Complement.

Active:- Subject +Verb +Object +Complement .

Passive :- Subject +be +Verb 3rd form +Complement +by Object.

Sentences with Verb + Preposition + Object

Active: Subject + verb + preposition + object…
Passive: Object + to be + verb (III form) + preposition + by + subject…
Sentences with (Advise/ Request/Order/Ask/Tell/Warn/Command/Allow)

Active:- Subject+ Verb ( Given in Above) +object +to Verb 1st form
Passive:- Subject+ Be+ Verb 3rd ( Given to Above ) +to Verb 1st form +by Object.
Sentences with (Feel / Taste)

Active:- Subject + Feel / Taste +Adjective

Passive :- Subject + Helping Verb +Adjective +when +Felt/ Tasted.

Sentences with (Say/believe/think/know/report/consider/claim)

Active :- Subject +Above given words +that +clause

Passive 1:- It +Be Verb 3rd form +that +Clause
Passive 2 :- That +clause +be verb 3rd form +by object
Passive 3:- Subject +be + Verb 3rd form +to Verb 1st form.

Sentences with (Time)

Active :- It+ Helping verb+ time +to + verb 1st form +object
Passive :- It +Helping verb+ time +for +object+ to be Verb 3rd form

Sentences with (Duty)

Active :- It is your / my/ his…+ duty +to +verb 1st form

Passive:- You/I/He +Is/am/are +Supposed +to Verb 1 st form