NAMA : Ahmad DJODY SKORONO

NIM : 2303020020

EFFECTIVENESS OF ACTIVATED CHARCOAL IN SALAK SKIN IN PURIFICATION OF USED COOKING OIL

INTRODUCTION

Some people only use snake fruit, the skin is thrown away
and becomes waste in the environment. Salak peel actually has very important benefits, apart from
being a medicine for diabetes, it can also be used as activated charcoal which can be used as an
adsorbent.

Continuous and repeated use of cooking oil at high temperatures (160-180 oC) accompanied by
contact with air and water during the frying process will result in complex degradation reactions in
the oil and produce various reaction compounds. Cooking oil also changes color from yellow to dark.
This degradation reaction reduces the quality of the oil and ultimately the oil cannot be used
anymore and must be thrown away (Maskan, 2003). The degradation reaction products contained in
this oil will also reduce the quality of fried food and have a negative impact on health (Lee et al.,
2002). Even though it has a negative impact, the use of used cooking oil or cooking oil that has been
used more than once for frying (used cooking oil) is commonplace in society.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Ingredients used:
used cooking oil, snake fruit skin, 95% ethanol, turbidimeter, as follows: Determination of free fatty
acid (FFA) content (SNI, 1995), determination of water content in oil (SNI, 1995), determination of
peroxide value (SNI, 1995) and Analysis was carried out using a turbidimeter.

RESULTS

The process of making activated charcoal from snake fruit skin waste includes 3 (three) stages. The
first stage is the carbonization stage, which is to break down the organic materials into charcoal, by
burning snake fruit skin in a closed iron or zinc container. This is done with the aim that when
burning there is no direct contact with air, because if during burning there is direct contact with air,
an oxidation process will occur and cause the charcoal to turn to ash. The second stage is the
activation stage, which aims to enlarge the pores by breaking the hydrochar bonds or oxidizing the
surface molecules so that the charcoal experiences changes in its properties, both physical and
chemical, namely the surface area increases and this affects the adsorption capacity. The activation
methods commonly used in making activated charcoal are divided into 2, namely physical activation
and chemical activation

physics is the process of breaking charcoal chains from organic compounds with the help of heat,
steam and N gas. Chemical activation is a process
breaking the charcoal chain of organic compounds
with the use of chemicals (Sembiring, 2003). In this study, activation was carried out physically,
namely by heating at a temperature of 300 oC. The obtained snake fruit activated charcoal was then
ground in a mortar until smooth and sieved using a 100 mesh sieve.
CONCLUSION

Salak bark can be used as raw material for activated charcoal, with soaking characteristics of 66.35%,
water content of 10% and ash content of 20%. The process of refining used cooking oil by activated
charcoal from snake fruit skin is influenced by the temperature and contact time of the cooking oil
with activated charcoal from snake fruit skin. The higher the temperature, the better the quality of
the used cooking oil obtained, which is indicated by a decrease in water content, free fatty acid
number, peroxide value and turbidity number. The effectiveness of purifying used cooking oil with
activated charcoal adsorbent from snake fruit peel is achieved at a temperature of 100*C and a
contact time of 80 minutes, with oil quality with a water content of 0.1528%,