© cectorn Poxrrics « Elections in a Democracy > People cannot gown therngetver direcly im any democratic Setup. + Tus, elections or tuld im a democracy tw which people ect ther own epresonlotines . » Elections cre weeded because of the {Ollowing yeouons : a Large nation mak it impossible for citizens to attend meetings and make decisions that now the Government functions . - Not wlowone las the education ecesaus to make umportawt decteions. - Theujore, elections we held wr demoviatic counbuier whan citizens Choose their own representatives to poss notional (ows. b. App and exporionce conmot be taken to consideration when choosing Vepvesentatives . — These representatives welgnt wot Carry out the will of the people . - People com only Select trex own eopresentatives through elections . » Elections ave thus wacssony i weny democauy, = Voters select trex candidates who will represeat Wa Goverment dui dlections- Additionatly, they select a particwlo. paxly that may rule he mation im accordance , with its pxinuples. ~ Therore, the people ond the party that makeup the — qovennment xe decided by voters. « Fair and Free Elcetions + Elections may wot always be fale. + For instance, elections ave Wneld iv China, on a vequlan oasis, but only te communist party members ave peritled {0 run. + This election ave not democratic . + Some features ove + x Every citizen above a certain age should Mave the vight to vote, and every vote should have one value. x There should be more than one powty, and parties and people should be free to contesl elections. ¥ Elections should be conducted ofl woqulax, intervals. x A candidate prelered by the people should be selected « + More importantiy, elections should be held in 0 {fee and fais manner Gnd people Should have te vignt to choose then own condidates . > Political competence has Some limitations, but it i always proud th a dlemovvacy . + Political Competency , according to some promotes disunity, petty pasty polities, and the use of undeenanded tactic, by tre powtia {to enswe the vicivy sf their Counclidates .* However, despite flows, owe Constitution cove jue electoval polis. — Tn -the world, political competition is cuential. - Political Leadew' education ond moral chorauter Should be improved ta order to vermove {ie fiUhy tecrniquis they wwe. - Additionally, if a aden breaks Wis commit, tre electorate roy vejed him im the Subsequent elestion.. Thus, & political party wilt Stil be sequined to sowe the public oven if ts primary rnotivation ts to galm power. + What i the system of Slections im Tndia 2 + General Election. : > Elections are held im all onalituancies ot the some time, vithor on the same day or within a fav days. » By- election : > Sometimes dections us hele only for one vonstitueney or two to {ill the Vacanoy comsed by death or resignation of Q munber . + Electoral Constitunncier + >The coumtyy is divided iwlo diyferent cveas based on population joe the purpose of elections which are Caled electoral covutiturncits. > For Lok Sabha elections, the country is divided into 543 constituencies. > Similaty, each state tw divided into a Speufic number of Assembly Constituencies ,+ | Llectoval System im Lndin rn Tadia, the ok Sabra elections jor the Slate Assooly Cvidhan Sabha) taker place at tre state level, whereas the Lok Sabho. elections take place at the federal lel. > Alto. every five yeors, elections ae eld yor Lok Sabha and Vidhan Salona eleted numbers . > renal elections ove those hetd to elect membexs of the Lok. Sabha and tne Assembly evewy five years. > By-elections ave held for a Single constituency clove to yoplace the Seat Uefe vacant by the member's passing or resignation. > For the purpose of voting, india ie split ito a number of sugion known as electoral covutituencies . > Residents of ove coustiturney choowe ene local Yepresentative.. > For example, in the Lok Sabha olections, the coumtry ts divided imto 543 constituencies « — Ore person is elected fuom each vonslituerney. ~ He [She ts cated a Memcer of Xiqislatwe Assembly (MLA). > Similax 40 this, A Certain number of Seats ove established for the Stote /ssombly elections « ~ A member of the Legislative Assembly Ua powon who hax been Uleoted by thet contituendts . >The some & the core with the municipal of panchayat elections. - Each village ov town Us divided into a number of wads which ave like constituencies .> In Tndia, some constituancies one veterved jor people lotLonging to ST, SC, and other economic botkwaxd castes. - This har bem done so that even the rnost marginal sections of Society get a jaix chance of representation iw the Lok Sabha Assembly, Municipal Corporation and Panchayat . - In municipal corporations and gram panchayats , one-third of the Seats ane vesexved jor women. ‘ \lotex's Sit : > Tn a democracy, the tisl of persons who can vote i prepared well vefore the elections. — Officiatty, this list is catted an Electoral Koll and is commonly known as the Voter's List. > Tn India, every adult cbove the age of 18 yews ix eligible to vote ivvespective of Cosle, religion and gender. +The voter's fist t& sovued aftr wery 5 yors - Of late, an Election Photo Taenttty Card has been intyoduced, although it ts not compultory to show this Cond. A lady showing her voters identity card while voting at the booth.* Nomination of a Candidate : » A person above 25 years can coniest tne olections. - Political parties select thetn Candidates jor contesting elections and giver them a ‘ticket’ to contest the elections. » A pouon contesting the elections has to fill a nomination jorm and depostt an amount 0s Seewxity deposit. > Wille contesting elections, every Candidate has to give complete details of educational quatiticotions, sevious crinninal Cores pending againul them and total property value of lis ex family . + Eleoton Compaiqn and Voting * » Folio poutier old valies during election campaign to daw atterton to & vawiety of global and regional issues. = They promise votors they will fix probleme with how the goverment opovattes « ~The election campaign also fentures a Cot of slogans. -In the 1971 Lok Sabha elections, the Congress parity used the “Goxibi Hatao" and in the West Bengal Assembly elections, the Loft used the slogan, “Land to the Tiller” >» During the elections, no pudy or candidate can bribe or threaten the volo, use goverment vesources for campaigning amd Spend rnove than 25 lakhs individually jr the Lok Sabha elections and % 10 lakhs for Assembly clections.» Electronic vottng machines (EVMs) are wed dusdng Hections itm. the majority ef polling places - - A Voter ywil push a bulton vent to the candidate's name or Symbst tw orden to cast thei. batlot. » After the election, al EvMs aye transported to a seane (ovation. - On the day the cowmting process begins, they om opened « ~ To ene a fain tally f the votes, veprseudatives from all political poviies ov present « » The pavdicipation of the people im elections i usually measmed by the iqunes of voter tuxmout . - In Thdia, the tumout hos either yemolned stable oy has gone up. » In Lidia, poor, Miteate and underpocivileged people vole in large vuroess 08 compared to the vidh and the psivileqed sections. - Common people im India, attach a lot of importance to elections. Electronic Voting Machine+ Role of the Election Commission : >In Trilia, election one held by an extremely powerful Cleclion Commission (EC) « - Similan to the judiay, it & an independent — body » The Chit Election Commission (CEC) is appointed by the ‘Pusident of Thdia. - CEC & wot anworable to the President or to the Crovenmeit India . a It takes decisions on every mation sulated to the elections. - It announces the dote of tte elections amd the declaration of the sesutts. b. Lt wmplements the Code of Conduct and take action against Candidates who violate it . C Tt gives quideins to the Crovemment which hove to be fotlowed during the elections . d When on election duty, government officials work under under the Supewiion of the EC and not the Govomment. re Evouy political party thas to ebey the instructions and guidelines of the EC. » Every political powty im India suspects the tection sults. ~ Electionals axe held in the nation im a fee amd jae man. - This & demonstiated by the fat that numexour Stole Croveanmente and the Comtiat Government im power cowtistendly lose olections .~ Election foeses ae also vommon among Condiclates with cciminal histories and those who ‘buy! Wwtes .