Drugs acting on autonomic nervous system

Cholinergic drugs (Parasympathomimetic)

Cholinergic agonist

A. Cholinester

· Acetylcholine

· Carbachol

· Bethanechol

· Methacholine

B. Alkaloids

· Muscarine

· Pilocarpine

· Arecholine
Anti-cholinesterase

A. Reversible

a) Carbamate

· Physostigmine (Eserine)

· Neostigmine

· Pyridostigmine

· Rivastigmine

· Edrophonium

· Donepezil

· Galantamine

b) Acridine

· Tacrine
 B. Irreversible

a) Organophosphates

· Dyflos (DFP)

· Echothiophate

· Malathion

· Diazinon

· Tabun, serine, soman

b) Carbamates

· Carbaryl (Sevin)

· Propoxur (Baygon)

Anticholinergic drugs (Para-sympatholytic)

A. Natural alkaloids

· Atropine
· Hyoscine (Scopolamine)

B. Semisynthetic derivatives

· Homatropine

· Atropine methonitrate

· Hyoscine butyl bromide

· Ipratropium bromide

· Tiotropium bromide

C. Synthetic derivatives

a) Mydriatics

· Cyclopentolate

· Tropicamide

b) Vasicoselective
· Oxybutynin

· Flavoxate

· Tolterodine

c) Anti-parkinsonism

· Trihexyphenidyl (Benzhexol)

· Procyclidine

· Bipiridine

d) Anti-secretory – Anti-spasmodic

i. Quaternary compound

· Propantheline

· Pipenzolate methyl bromide

· Isopropamide
· Glycopyrolate

· Oxyphenonium

· Clindinum

ii. Tertiary compound

· Dicyclomine

· Valethamate

· Pirenzepine

Ganglionic stimulants

A. Selective nicotinic agonists

· Nicotine

· Lobeline

· Dimethyl phenyl piperazinum (DMPP)

· Tetramethyl ammonium (TMA)

· Varenicline

B. Nonselective/Muscarinic agonists

· Acetylcholine

· Carbachol

· Pilocarpine

· Anti-cholinesterases

Ganglionic blocking agents

A. Competitive blockers

i. Quaternary ammonium compounds

· Hexamethonium

· Pentolinium
 ii. Amines

· Mecamylamine

· Pempidine

iii. Monosulphonium compounds

· Trimethaphan

· Camforsulfonate

B. Persistent depolarizing blockers

· Nicotine

· Anticholinesterase

Adrenergic drugs (Sympathomimetics)

A. Pressor agents

· Noradrenaline

· Epinephrine
· Dopamine

· Phenylephrine

· Methoxamine

· Mephentermine

B. Bronchodilator

· Isoprenaline

· Salbutamol (Albuterol)

· Terbutaline

· Salmeterol

· Formeterol

· Bambuterol

C. CNS stimulants
· Amphetamine

· Dexamphetamine

· Methamphetamine

· Methylphenidate

D. Uterine relaxant

· Ritodrine

· Isoxsuprine

· Salbutamol

· Terbutaline

E. Cardiac stimulant

· Adrenaline

· Isoprenaline
· Dobutamine

F. Nasal decongestant

· Xylometazoline

· Oxymetazoline

· Naphazoline

· Phenylephrine

· Phenylpropanolamine

G. Anorectics

· Amphetamine

· Phenfluramine

· Dexfenfluramine

· Sibutramine
Α-adrenergic blocking agents

Equilibrium types (Competitive antagonist)

A. Non selective

i. Ergot alkaloid

· Ergotamine

· Ergotoxine

ii. Hydrogenated ergot alkaloid

· Dihydroergotamine (DHE)

· Dihydroergotoxine

iii. Imidazoline

· Phentolamine

iv. Miscellaneous
· Chlorpromazine

B. Α1 selective

· Prazosin

· Terazosin

· Doxazosin

· Alfuzosin

· Tamsulosin

C. Α2 selective

· Yohimbine

Non-equilibrium types

A. Β-alkylamin

· Phenoxybenzamine
Β-adrenergic blocking agents

A. Non-selective (β1 + β2)

i. Without intrinsic sympathomimetic activity

· Propranolol

· Sotalol

· Timolol

ii. Withintrinsic sympathomimetic activity

· Pindolol

iii. With α blocking property

· Labetalol

· Carvedilol

B. Cardio-selective (β1)

Metoprolol

Atenolol
Acebautolol

Bisoprolol

Esmolol

Betaxolol

Celiprolol

· Nebivolol