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com Pharmacology ANS: Sympatholytics

Adrenergic System: Sympatholytics

Adrenergic Blocking agents:

A. α-adrenergic blockers
a. Non-equilibrium type
I. β-Haloalkylamines – Phenoxybenzamine
b. Equilibrium type (Competitive)
I. Non-selective
1. Ergot alkaloid – Ergotamine, Ergotoxine
2. Hydrogenated Ergot alkaloids – Dihydroergotamine,
Dihydroergotoxin
3. Imidazolines – Tolazocine, Pentolamine
4. Miscellaneous – Chlorpromazine, Ketanserin
II. α1 Selective
Prazosin, Terasosin, Doxasosine, Tamasulosin
III. α2 Selective
Yohimbine

B. β-adrenergic blockers
I. Non-selective (β1 and β2)
Without intrinsic symapathomimetic activity
Propranolol, Sotalol, Timolol
With intrinsic symapathomimetic activity
Pindolol
With additional α blocking property (α + β blocking activity)
Labetolol, Carvediol
II. Cardio-selective (β1)
Metoprolol, Atenolol, Acebutolol, Bisoprolol, Esmolol, Betaxolol,
Celiprolol.
III. β2 Selective : Butoxamine

Pharmacological action:
Blockage of α and β receptors
opposite effect of adrenergic action due to respective α and
β receptors antagonistic effect.

Uses of α blocker:
 Pheochromocytoma (tumor to adrenergic medullary cells) :
Diagnostic test:
Phentolamine test: 5 mg i.v.
Fall in BP > 35 mm Hg systolic Indiacative of
> 25 mm Hg diastolic Pheochromocytoma
Provocative test: Inj of Histamine / methacholine / Glucagon
provoke
release of catacholamines causes marked rise in BP

Indicative of pheochromocytoma

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 http://www.gpatonline.com Pharmacology ANS: Sympatholytics

 Hypertension
 Congestive heart failure
 Benign hypertrophy of prostate
 Migraine

Uses of β blocker:
 Hypertension
 Angina pectoris
 Cardiac pectoris
 Cardiac arrhythmia
 Myocardial infraction
 Pheochromocytoma
 Thyrotoxicosis
 Migraine
 Anxiety
 Glaucoma
 Hypertropic cardiomyopath

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