Manuscript Parque Revise

NATIONAL COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Amafel Bldg. Aguinaldo Highway, Dasmarinas, Cavite

DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
PARQUE DE IMUS: STIMULATING HUMAN-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION TO A
LIVABLE COMMUNITY
A Research Paper
Presented to the Faculty of
Architecture Department
National College of Science and Technology
In Partial Fulfillment of Requirements for the
Subject ARCH 037- Architectural Design 08
Longos, Runamie B.
Lopez, Julie Ann
Malabanan, John Christian
BS ARCHITECTURE 42A1
Parque de Imus: Stimulating Human-Environment Interaction to A

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CHAPTER 1

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I. Introduction
In the preceding year, the pandemic has spread around the world, which
results in socializing with other people to be prohibited considering that there is a risk
that they might come into contact with infected by the COVID-19. The SARS-CoV-2
virus is the infectious diseases known as corona-virus disease (COVID-19). The
majority of people with viral infections will have a mild to severe respiratory disease
and will recover without requiring for special care (WHO 2023).
It has almost passed two years with only restricted comes out and a limited
amount of people who can use outdoor facilities, especially in preoccupied locations.
In order to sustain the daily lives of the people, the internet has been a big help for
transactions. The internet has become a hobby for individuals to seek for and receive
the latest news. Students are able to study again with the aid of online programs.
Many have lost their careers, but many have also set up their work as "work from
home". This lifestyle became known as the "New Normal". Over time, individuals
have gotten acclimated to this lifestyle. A return to normal was later announced.
Everyone is allowed to go out again, so on-site jobs are back and children are back
to school. People can go out freely without constraints (Punay, 2022).
However, there is evidence for the negative effects of technology and overuse
as it has a significant impact on psychological and physical health such as
depression, anxiety, underlying vision issues, physical inactivity, and obesity.
The UN World Urbanization prospects reports estimates that, by 2050, 68% of
the world's population will live in urban areas. With such a large proportion of
humanity living within our crowded towns and cities, our urban public spaces will be

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increasingly vital for enabling people to exercise, socialize, interact with nature, and
just not feel hemmed in by the built environment. (Taylor, 2021). In addition, public
spaces such as urban parks create a vital role in the social, economic, and physical
well-being of the community. It encourages active lifestyle, encourage biodiversity in
city, helps to control temperatures and humidity, and enhance socialization.
1.1 Background of the Study
Urban parks and other green areas are not the only sites in cities where
people can find nature, but they are the places where people can find full
representation of nature, adding a range of scents, sounds, and colors to our urban
experience. In parks, where nature rules on a visual and sensory level over the
layout of the urban fabric, these natural elements are shown to the city's inhabitants
in all their potentiality, However, it is argued that open green spaces and urban parks
are strategically significant for the quality of life in our rapidly urbanizing society.
Growing scientific evidence suggests that the presence of natural resources and
elements in urban settings enhances quality of life in a variety of ways. “A park
experience may reduce stress” (Ulrich, 1981), “enhance contemplativeness,
rejuvenate the city dweller, and provide a sense of peacefulness and tranquility”
(Kaplan, 1983). The interaction between human and environment proven the
assumption that natural environments have a positive influence on psychological and
mental health. verifies beliefs about “Stress-reduction benefits and mental health”
(Hartig et al., 1991, Conway, 2000) discovered that greenery promotes relaxation
and renewal, which lowers frustration.

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In research from different fields and backgrounds, parks and open spaces
have generally been recognized as playing a significant role in improving the quality
of life in cities. Beside the social and psychological benefits Urban nature's functions
can help individuals and municipalities economically. trees that purify the air (Le
Corbusier 1935, Lynch 1972, Jackson 1979, Kaplan and Kaplan 1989, Burgess et al
1988c). "Access to natural open spaces is a central value in modern society", says
Kornblum (1979). The value of providing environmental components can leads to
good relationship of human to Environment.
This research addresses the importance of human to environment and
environment to human for the sustainability, developing more sustainable cities is not
just about improving the abiotic and biotic aspects of urban life, it is also about the
social aspects of city and human life, which turns “Stimulating Human-Environment
Interaction to A Livable Community.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
This study will consider how important public spaces such as urban parks are
to community and environment. Most individuals spend more time with digital
technology and less time interacting with other people. People are looking for a place
where they can spend their time socializing and enjoy themselves, a place for
spending their free time in nature as it can reduce or eliminate stress and fatigue in a
day-to-day activity.
These aspects raise questions such as:
 What is the effective strategy for promoting and improving health and well-
being of urban population?

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 How do urban parks help mitigate environmental hazards?
 What can urban parks do to encourage individuals to spend their time playing
outdoors and away from their digital devices?
 What aspects should be considered when creating a safer park environment
to enhance the lives of the community?
1.3 Objectives of the Study
This study aims to promote knowledge on how important public spaces such
as urban parks are to the community and to provide a new medium that will enhance
the relationship between people and their surroundings. The purpose of this study is
to provide a design of a new environment that will benefit the needs of each other
where people can socialize, learn, play, and enjoy. It will provide knowledge for
organizations to work together on creating more public spaces for the community.
The following are the objectives of the study:
 To provide a design of an urban park for the community where they can enjoy,
play, learn and interact with each other.
 To consider the effective planning of architectural elements that will help to
reduce common problems of environment.
 To consider the aspects of developing a well-planned design element that will
help individuals improve their social, physical, and psychological health.
 To guarantee the security and safety of the community, monitoring cameras,
lighting elements, barricades that may limit accessibility to the zone, and
sufficient design planning will be built and;
1.4 Significance of the Study

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The goal of this project is to create a human-environment strategy that
provides socialization and interaction to a living community in the City of Imus
through the use of an urban park. It consists of leisure activities that may be utilized
for social gatherings or other outdoor activities that encourage sociability and have a
connection to nature. This proposed initiative, "Parque de Imus: Stimulating Human-
Environment Interaction to A Livable Community," will greatly benefit the folks listed
below.
Residents of Imus city- The study's recommendations will encourage residents to
enjoy moments in natural environments, engage in leisure activities and outdoor
activities, and get away from the busy city of Imus to a comfortable spot to appreciate
the beauty of the environment.
Entrepreneur - This proposal's research will support small entrepreneurs in
establishing and creating new businesses, as well as creating employment
opportunities.
Local Government - This research might help the government save the environment
by establishing urban parks that are beneficial to local residents. The study will be
supported by the following local government agencies:
● Department of Environment and Natural Resources- The executive
department of the Philippine government responsible for governing and
supervising the exploration, development, utilization, and conservation of the
country’s environment and natural resources

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● Department of Tourism – The executive department of the Philippine
government responsible for the regulation of the Philippine tourism industry and
the promotion of the Philippines as a tourist destination.
● National Parks Development Committee - An agency of the Department of
Tourism of the Philippines that is mandated to develop, preserve, and manage
Rizal and Paco Parks in Manila and other parks that may be assigned to it.
Developers - The proposed project can provide suitable space programming and
design for the utilization of urban parks and can be used as a preference for future
development of the same type of project.
Future Researchers -This proposal study will be used as a source of reference data
on urban parks in newly formed research, presenting them with a complete overview
as they continue with the same topic.
Student Researchers - This research may be utilized as a resource for academic
projects, particularly by architecture students who will be gathering data on urban
parks.
1.5 Scope and delimitation
The scope of this project, "Parque de Imus: Stimulating Human-Environment
Interaction to A Livable Community," is to build urban park amenities that will respond
to the community's demands for socialization and human-environment interaction.
The study will help the proponents' design goals.
The project that is being considered would mainly be used as an area for
architectural research, which would consist of the following:

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● Chapter 1,2,3 and 4
● Initial scheme of floor plan and master site development plan
Detailed architectural plans, such as floor plans, site development plans,
elevations, sections, perspectives, and more, have not yet been included and will be
included after Architectural Design 08's completion. For the feasibility of the study,
the plan limits itself to Rizal Park in Ermita, Metro Manila.
1.6 Definition of Term
COVID-19 - (Corona-Virus Disease) is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-
CoV-2 virus. Most people infected with the virus will experience mild to moderate
respiratory illness and recover without requiring special treatment.
WHO- (World Health Organization) It is responsible for providing leadership on
global health matters, shaping the health research agenda, setting norms and
standards, articulating evidence-based policy options, providing technical support to
countries and monitoring and assessing health trends
NPDC- (National Parks Development Committee) create, maintain, and
manage Rizal and Paco Parks in Manila, as well as any additional parks that may be
assigned to them by the Philippine Department of Tourism.
1.7 References
● WHO,2023 https://www.who.int/health-topics/coronavirus#tab=tab_1
● Punay, 2022 https://www.grantthornton.com.ph/insights/articles-and-
updates1/line-of-sight/looking-back-and-moving-forward-where-are-we-now-in-
the-new-normal/

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● https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/16/24/4943
● https://population.un.org/wup/publications/Files/WUP2018-Highlights.pdf
● https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/negative-effects-of-technology

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CHAPTER 2

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CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
This chapter will present relevant and useful information that might help the
aim to imagine a unique design. This chapter also includes a legal basis and
statements that may be utilized to help improve the project's design process. The
information obtained will have an impact on how the project is planned.
Review of Related Literatures
LOCAL STUDIES
FOREIGN STUDIES
SOURCE: https://mymodernmet.com/nyc-central-park/
Central Park is bounded on the north by Central Park North (110th Street), on
the east by Fifth Avenue, on the south by Columbus Circle and Central Park South
(59th Street), and on the west by Central Park West (also known as Eighth Avenue

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south of Columbus Circle and Frederick Douglass Boulevard north of Central Park).
The park is 2.5 miles long and half a mile broad (4 km, 800 m).
In the 1850s, the New York government set aside a broad stretch of land in
what was then Upper Manhattan, seeing the need for a big public green area for New
Yorkers to get away from the bustle and noise of the city. The winning design for the
park was created by landscape designers Frederick Law Olmsted and Calvert Vaux,
who were influenced by naturalistic landscapes that were fashionable in park design
at the time. To retain the park's "rustic" atmosphere, all architectural structures and
roadways were to be visually incorporated into the surrounding terrain. The park
opened in 1873, with almost 500,000 cubic feet of dirt hauled in from New Jersey and
millions of trees, bushes, and other plants laying the groundwork.
The park declined throughout the early twentieth century due to a lack of
upkeep, with dead trees, worn-out grass, and a lot of trash and vandalism. The park
gained a significant boost in the 1930s when these difficulties were eventually
handled, but it slid into decline later in the twentieth century, becoming increasingly
run-down and crime-ridden throughout the 1960s and 1970s. The Central Park
Conservancy was created in 1980 under a public contract to restore and preserve the
park. Today, the violent night crimes of previous decades are almost nonexistent,
and common sense is all you really need to stay safe in the park.
● Bethesda Terrace and Fountain, Terrace Drive (72nd St.) (mid-way through the
park). One of Manhattan's favorite meeting points, the centerpiece of this Terrace
is the Angel of the Waters fountain, dedicated in 1873 and an enduring icon of
the park.

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● Chess & Checkers House, additional tourist center and volunteer headquarters,
with chess and checkers tables shaded by a pergola
● Grand Army Plaza, Fifth Ave (between 58th and 60th Streets). A public space in
the park's southeast corner that serves as one of the main entrances to Central
Park. The area is named after the Union Army of the American Civil War and has
a gilded bronze monument of Union General William Sherman as well as the
Pulitzer Fountain, which is capped by a bronze figure of Pomona, the Roman
goddess of fruit.
● Great Lawn. At the center of Central Park, the Great Lawn is a large clearing with
lawns and ballfields, perfect for ballgames, sunbathing, and picnicking.
Central Park is particularly popular for outdoor recreation since it is the only
substantial green space in such an urbanized region. It's also a beautiful place
to spend time outside, and you'll be joined by many other New Yorkers as you
explore the park's vegetation and take in the city vistas.

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Source: https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Manhattan/Central_Park
PROJECT LOCALE
CLIMATE AND TEMPERATURE
Climate data for Imus City, Cavite
Ma
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
y
Average high 29 30 32 34 32 31 29 29 29 30 30 29 30
°C (°F) (84) (86) (90) (93) (90) (88) (84) (84) (84) (86) (86) (84) (87)
Average low 20 20 21 22 24 25 24 24 24 23 22 21 23
°C (°F) (68) (68) (70) (72) (75) (77) (75) (75) (75) (73) (72) (70) (73)
Average
10 120
10 12 27 94 153 206 190 179 54 39 1,094
precipitation (0.4 (4.7
(0.4) (0.5) (1.1) (3.7) (6.0) (8.1) (7.5) (7.0) (2.1) (1.5) (43)
) )
mm (inches)
Average
5.2 4.5 6.4 9.2 19.7 24.3 26.9 25.7 24.4 21.0 12.9 9.1 189.3
rainy days
Source: Meteoblue

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Imus City, Cavite and the surrounding areas are expected to experience
higher temperatures due to climate change. There may be higher occurrences of
bushfires and less water supply for crops. Warming may also be a health concern
due to the urban heat island effect in built-up areas. The Imus and Alang-Ylang
rivers are reported to exceed DENR's standards for parameters such as dissolved
oxygen and chlorides. These water bodies also have exceptionally high levels of
fecal and fecal matter, a condition observed in communities with industries and
settlements that lack or are without sewerage systems.
SOIL TYPE
Imus has soil that belongs to what is called the Guadalupe Soil Series (GSS).
GSS is usually situated in lowlands with slopes that are level to nearly level. This
type of soil is utilized mostly for lowland rice, corn, and root crops. The Guadalupe
series is further categorized into four soil classifications based on the dominating size
of the particles and texture of the soil.
GEOLOGY
Northwestern Imus is covered by alluvial deposits of sand, silt and clay, or loose
and eroded materials, usually from rivers, that have been set down or cemented
into a lithological unit. Such materials are usually located at the lower part of a
river’s course, forming floodplains and deltas. The central and southern parts of
Imus are covered with agglomerates of sandy tuff and cinder beds which consists
of volcanic ash, glass shards and angular pebbles, scoria, cobbles of pumice.
HYDROLOGY

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Imus is a groundwater basin that has several aquifers and aquicludes. The City's
three rivers – Imus, AIang-Ylang and Julian -also have their own mini-watershed.
The aforementioned rivers have been designated as Water Quality Management
Areas (WQMA)

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General Soil Classification Map (2018-2027), CLUP 2018-2027, City of Imus

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Geology map (2018-2027), CLUP 2018-2027, City of Imus

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Natural Waterways map (2018-2027), CLUP 2018-2027, City of Imus

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Ground water availability map (2018-2027), CLUP 2018-2027, City of Imus

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UTILITIES
There is a proposed increase of 6.39 ha. for utilities and other related land
uses for the period 2018-2027. These lands will be used for expanding facilities
and infrastructures related to solid waste, power, water and transportation.
TOURISM
The first Philippine flag was raised during the Battle of Alapan on May 28, 1989
and Imus is now known as the Flag Capital. Imus Historical Marker, Imus
Cathedral, City Plaza, Camp General Pantaleon Garcia, Arsenal of Imus, and
House of Tirona are some of the heritage sites visited by tourists in 2016. The Imus
Arsenal (armament factory) was set up upon the orders of Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo
to house all the ammunitions and weapons for the revolucionarios. The Imus
Historical Museum presents an eye-opening view of local history in an appealing,
more exciting light. The Battle of Alapan took place on May 28, 1898 in Barrio
Alapan.
It is the site of the first success of the rebel forces after Gen. Aguinaldo
returned from exile. The Philippine Flag is now celebrated every year as "National
Flags Day".

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Linear Park tourism Network Plan (2018-2027), CLUP 2018-2027, City of Imus

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Proposed Land Use map (2018-2027), CLUP 2018-2027, City of Imus

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Barangay Boundary map (2018-2027), CLUP 2018-2027, City of Imus
The proposal's site is in Pedro Reyes St., Barangay Malagasang 1-G, Imus
Cavite. The blue in the proposed land use map represents institutional zoning that
is encompassed by the local government of Imus City, where the proposal is
Imus is a first-class component city in Cavite's 3rd Congressional District
(the province's sole district). According to its cadastral map, it is made up of 97
barangays, covering a total land area of 5,314.60 hectares. To facilitate a rapid
transfer of information and trading, these communities were divided into nine (9)
clusters.
Historically, Imus was part of the Imus Estate, a huge assemblage of
properties. Its 9,701 hectares contained present-day Imus as well as property
portions scattered around the nearby area. Bacoor, Dasmariñas, and Carmona in
Cavite Province, all the way to Las Piñas City in the National Capital Region. Some
of these areas are still claimed by the city. If these contested territories are
included, the City's entire land area should be 6,470 hectares.
District I
● Alapan I-A ● Bucandala I ● Carsadang Bago I
● Alapan I-B ● Bucandala II ● Carsadang Bago II
● Alapan I-C ● Bucandala III ● Malagasang I-A
● Alapan II-A ● Bucandala IV ● Malagasang I-B
● Alapan II-B ● Bucandala V ● Malagasang I-C

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● Malagasang I-D ● Medicion I-D ● Poblacion II-B
● Malagasang I-E ● Medicion II-A ● Poblacion III-A
● Malagasang I-F ● Medicion II-B ● Poblacion III-B
● Malagasang I-G ● Medicion II-C ● Poblacion IV-A
● Malagasang II-A ● Medicion II-D ● Poblacion IV-B
● Malagasang II-B ● Medicion II-E ● Poblacion IV-C
● Malagasang II-C ● Medicion II-F ● Poblacion IV-D
● Malagasang II-D ● Pag-asa I ● Toclong I-A
● Malagasang II-E ● Pag-asa II ● Toclong I-B
● Malagasang II-F ● Pag-asa III ● Toclong I-C
● Malagasang II-G ● Poblacion I-A ● Toclong II-A
● Medicion I-A ● Poblacion I-B ● Toclong II-B
● Medicion I-B ● Poblacion I-C
● Medicion I-C ● Poblacion II-A
District II
● Anabu I-A ● Anabu I-D ● Anabu I-G
● Anabu I-B ● Anabu I-E ● Anabu II-A
● Anabu I-C ● Anabu I-F ● Anabu II-B

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● Anabu II-C ● Bayan Luma VII ● Palico III
● Anabu II-D ● Bayan Luma VIII ● Palico IV
● Anabu II-E ● Bayan Luma IX ● Pasong Buaya I
● Anabu II-F ● Buhay na Tubig ● Pasong Buaya II
● Bagong Silang ● Magdalo ● Pinagbuklod
(Bahayang Pag-asa)
● Maharlika ● Tanzang Luma I
● Bayan Luma I
● Mariano Espeleta I ● Tanzang Luma II
● Bayan Luma II
● Mariano Espeleta II ● Tanzang Luma III
● Bayan Luma III

● Mariano Espeleta III ● Tanzang Luma IV
● Bayan Luma IV (Southern City)

● Palico I
● Bayan Luma V ● Tanzang Luma V

● Palico II
● Bayan Luma VI ● Tanzang Luma VI
Demographic Profile
The City of Imus has a population of 403,785 according to the most recent
Philippine Statistical Authority (PSA) Census in 2015, making it the third most
populated local government unit in Cavite and fifth in the region of CALABARZON.
There are around 94,484 residences in the city.spread throughout 97 barangays
with an average of 4.1 people each. Buhay Na Tubig (32,513), Pasong Buaya-II
(27,006), and Malagasang II-B (18,028) have the most population, while Poblacion I-
B (316) has the lowest. Cluster 9 (83,734) has the highest population share of the

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City of Imus' nine clusters of barangays, accounting for almost one out of every five
people in the city.
Imus has a young population that might be a big productive resource and
economic force for the city. Individuals aged 20–24 (9.33%), 15–19 (9.27%), and 30-
34 (9.06%) made up the city's largest age groups in 2015. 45 percent of Imus
inhabitants are between the ages of 15 and 39, a time in a person's life when they
are most active and productive. The city has a potential labor force of 297,614
(73.71% of the total population) aged 15 and over who might be working or jobless.
The City of Imus' human development indicators are similarly encouraging, with baby
and maternal mortality rates dropping between 2011 and 2014.
This demographic dividend has the potential to boost productivity and free up
resources for other economic pursuits. In 2015, nearly all Imus inhabitants aged 10
and up were literate (99.7%), with nearly one-quarter (25.53%) possessing a high
school diploma. Thirty-eight percent of the population has been able to enroll in
college, and one in every five (22.57%) has a college diploma. Seven out of every
ten working individuals in the city are associated with occupational groups such as
service and sales workers (17.04%), clerical support workers (14.42%), plant and
machine operators and assemblers (14.38%), technicians and associate
professionals (13.72%), and professions (11.31%). The city's population growth
tendencies are reason for worry, as the city's population expanded by an average of
4.95% from 2000 to 2015, more than twice the national average for the same time.
This rapidly growing population may have an adverse effect on the city government's
current and future ability to allocate resources for social services and development.

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Infrastructure Sub-Sector: Transportation
The City of Imus acts as a key transportation hub due to its geographic
location and the presence of major road networks. Cavite Province and Metro Manila
are linked by this bridge. The city is reachable by land through the highway; both the
towns of Bacoor and Metro Manila are accessible from the northeast via Gen. Emilio
Aguinaldo Highway and the east via Molino Road. The Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo
Highway connects the city to Dasmariñas, Silang, Tagaytay City, and other highland
communities to the south. The western and northwestern sections of Imus are
accessible by the Cavite Coastal Road and/or the Cavite Expressway (CAVITEX),
which connects Cavite's northwest municipalities such as Kawit, Noveleta, and
Cavite City.
The city of Imus has a nearly flat geography, making rain-induced landslides
improbable. In the case of an earthquake, it is vulnerable to intensity level VIII ground
shaking. To alleviate the effects of ground shaking, local governments should strictly
enforce the regulations of the National Building Code (NBC) while compiling an
inventory of all government and private facilities to identify those that require
retrofitting or relocation. Although structures in the northern half of Imus may tilt or
subside during an earthquake, there has yet to be a recorded incident of ground
liquefaction in the city. Soil-boring studies for medium- and high-rise structures would
be appropriate to examine their sensitivity to this danger.

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Road Network Map (2018-2027), CLUP 2018-2027, City of Imus

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Flood Hazard map (2018-2027), CLUP 2018-2027, City of Imus

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Ground Shaking Hazard map (2018-2027), CLUP 2018-2027, City of Imus

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Liquefaction Hazard map (2018-2027), CLUP 2018-2027, City of Imus

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REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Legal Frameworks
Imus city Zoning Ordinance
Article V Zone regulations
Section 23. Use Regulations in Parks and Recreational Zone (PRZ).
1. Purpose and Intent: an area designed for diversion/amusements and for the
maintenance of ecological balance in the community.
2. Permitted Uses: The following are the allowed uses in the zone:
Principal Uses
2.1 Parks, playgrounds, pocket parks, parkways, promenades and playlots
2.2 All types of resort complexes
2.3 Open air or outdoor sports activities and support facilities, including low rise
stadia, gyms, amphitheaters and swimming pools
2.4 Ball courts, skating rinks and similar uses
2.5 Memorial/ Shrines monuments, kiosks and other park structures
2.6 Sports Club
2.7 Sports stands
2.8 Reviewing stands
2.9 Grandstands and bleachers

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Accessory Uses
2.10 Parking structures/facilities
Conditional Uses
2.11 General retail stores and shops like:
2.11.1 Bookstore
2.11.2 Photo shop
2.11.3 Flower shop
2.12 Food market and shops like:
2.12.1 Bakery and bakeshop
2.12.2 Wine store
2.12.3 Grocery
2.13 Recreational center/ establishments like:
2.13.1 Play court e.g., tennis court, bowling lane, billiard hall
2.13.2 Swimming pool
2.13.3 Gymnasium
2.13.4 Stadium, coliseum, gymnasium
1.15 Parks, playgrounds, pocket parks, parkways, promenades and playlots
1.16 Restaurant and other eateries
1.17 Race tracks and hippodromes

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1.18 Amusement parks
1.19 Golf courses
1.20 Aviaries, aquariums and zoos
1.21 All other types of amusement and entertainment complexes
2. Building Density and Bulk Regulations
Building Height Limit: 15 meters above highest grade
PD 1096 – National Building Code of the Philippines
Occupancy Classified
Group I – Assembly Occupant Load 1000 or More
Division I-1 Occupancies shall be any assembly building with a stage and an
occupant load of 1000 or more in the building.
Building Height Limit (BHL)
Parks and Open Recreational and Entertainment Spaces - 15.00 meters (or must
complement the duly-approved BHL in the major zone it is part of)
Parking
Parking considerations for Group I, Division I-1
Specific Uses Reference Uses or Minimum Required Parking
Slot, Parking Area and

or of Character of
Loading Space
Occupancy Occupancies or Type of
Requirements

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(Refer to Buildings/Structures
Section 701 of
this Rule)
Division I-1 Recreational or similar One (1) car slot and one
(1) jeepney/shuttle slot for

public assembly buildings
every 50.00 sq. meters of
such as stadia, sports
spectator
complexes, convention
area; and one (1) bus
centers, etc. parking slot for every two
hundred (200) spectators.
Table Minimum Required Off-Street (Off-RROW) cum On-Site Parking Slot,
Parking Area and Loading/Unloading Space Requirements by Allowed Use or
Occupancy
BP 344 – Accessibility Law
MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS FOR ACCESSIBILITY
The institution is providing standard spaces and access for the people with
disabilities under the implementation of B.P 344 in the architectural design of the
structures. The application of mobility towards the individuals with disability is
bound under the accessibility law that provides proper space planning in terms of
spaces and proper dimensions.
●Exterior

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●Dropped curbs shall be sloped towards the road with a maximum cross gradient
of 1:20 to prevent water from collecting at the walkway.
●Walkways should be kept as level as possible and provided with slip resistant
material
●The accessible walkways should have a gradient no more than 1:20 or 5%.
●The designated walkways should at least have a minimum width of 1.2m
●To guide the visually impaired users, walkways shall provide as much as possible
follow straightforward routes with right angle turns.
●The landscaping elements to the walkways shall provide a maintenance to ensure
to avoid having branches of trees or shrubs do not overhang walkways or paths to
avoid safety issues to the impaired users.

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●The overhang roof/eaves pertaining to the path shall have an existing 2.0m height
headroom for the users.
●Ramps
●Level area not less than 1.80m at the top and bottom of any ramp.
●Handrails on both sides of the ramp at 700mm and 900mm from the floor of the
ramp.
●300mm long extension of the handrail shall be provided at the top and bottom of
ramps.
●The length of a ramp should not exceed 6:00 m. if the gradient is 1:12; longer
ramps whose gradient is 1:12 shall be provided with landings not less than 1.50 m.
●A level area not less than 1.80 m. should be provided at the top and bottom of
any ramp

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●Curbs on both sides of the ramp with a minimum height of 100mm.
●Handrails shall be installed at 900 mm and 700 mm above stairs or ramps.
●A 300 mm long extension of the handrail should be provided at the start and end
of ramp and stairs.
●The handrails within the ramp shall be installed on both sides but shall not be
installed to the pedestrian crossing
●Signage
●Directional and informational signs should be located at points conveniently seen
even by a person on a wheelchair and those with visual impairments.

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●Signs should be kept simple and easy to understand, signage should be made of
contrasting colors
●Should a sign protrude into a walkway or route, a minimum headroom of 2.0m
should be provided
●Signs on walls and doors should be located at a maximum height of 1.60m and a
minimum height of 1.40m.
●Entrances
●Entrances should be accessible from arrival and departure points to the interior
lobby;
●In case entrances are not on the same level of the site arrival grade, ramps
should be provided as access to the entrance level;

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●Parking Areas
●Parking spaces for the disabled should allow enough space for a person to
transfer to a wheelchair from a vehicle
●Accessible parking slots should have a minimum width of 3.70 m.;
●A walkway from accessible spaces of 1.20 m. clear width shall be provided
between the front ends of parked cars
●Parking spaces for the disabled should never be located at ramped or sloping
● Doors
●All doors shall have a minimum clear width of 0.80 m;
●A minimum clear level space of 1.50 m x 1.50 m shall be provided before and
extending beyond a door; EXCEPTION: where a door shall open onto but not into

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a corridor, the required clear, level space on the corridor side of the door may be a
minimum of 1.20 m. corridor width
●Doors along major circulation routes should be provided with kick plates made of
durable materials at a height of 0.30 m. to 0.40 m
●Protection should be provided from doors that swing into corridors
●Corridors
●Corridors shall have a minimum clear width of 1.2m, waiting areas and other
facilities or spaces shall not obstruct the minimum clearance requirement.
●Turnabout spaces should also be provided at or within 3.5m of every dead end

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●As in walkways, corridors should be maintained level and provided with a slip
resistant surface.
●Elevators
●Accessible elevators should be located not more than 30.00 m. from the entrance
and should be easy to locate with the aid of signs

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●Accessible elevators shall have a minimum dimension of 1.10 m. x 1.40 m
●Control panels and emergency system of accessible elevators shall be within
reach of a seated person; center line heights for the topmost buttons shall be
between 0.90 m to 1.20 m from the floor
●Button controls shall be provided with braille signs to indicate floor level; at each
floor, at the door frames of elevator doors, braille-type signs shall be placed so that
blind persons can be able to discern what floor the elevator car has stopped and
from what level they are embarking from
●Washroom and Toilets

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●Accessible public washrooms and toilets shall permit easy passage of a
wheelchair and allow the occupant to enter a stall, close the door and transfer to
the water closet from either a frontal or lateral position
●Accessible water closet stalls shall have a minimum area of 1.70 x 1.80 mts. One
movable grab bar and one fixed to the adjacent wall shall be installed at the
accessible water closet stall for lateral mounting; fixed grab bars on both sides of
the wall shall be installed for stalls for frontal mounting
●A turning space of 2.25 sq.m. with a minimum dimension of 1.50 m. for
wheelchair shall be provided for water closet stalls for lateral mounting
●The maximum height of water closets should be 0.45 m.; flush control should
have a maximum height of 1.20 mts
●Maximum height of lavatories should be 0.80 m. with a knee recess of 0.60 - 0.70
M. vertical clearance and a 0.50 m. depth.

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●Urinals should have an elongated lip or through type; the maximum height of the
lip should be 0.48 m

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Theoretical Framework
INPUT PROCESS
 Data from Research  Data Analysis
Material
 Conceptualization
 Related Studies and
Review Literatures  Design and Planning
Consultations
 Legal Frameworks and
Ordinances  Preparation of
Schematic Diagram
 Working Drawing
Presentation
OUTPUT

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Research Framework
OUTPUT
Parque de Imus: Stimulating Human-Environment

Interaction to A Livable Community
RESEARCH STUDY
SITE IDENTIFICATION
INVESTIGATION
- PROBLEMS
– LOCATION
- USERS
- EXISTING
CONDITION - NEEDS
- ENVIRONMENTAL - FACILITIES
CONSIDERATION - SERVICES
- LOCAL
ORDINANCES
RESEARCH APPLICATION
AND SPACIAL
PROGRAMMING
PLANNING AND DESIGN

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CHAPTER 3

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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
The research methodology consists of numerous types of techniques that
were actually acquired and utilized through the diligent effort of the researchers. It
focuses on the various approaches and procedures used when gathering the
required and relevant information that supports the research.
The chapter will provide an overview of the information that the researchers gathered
in addition to the various strategies and approaches they used to obtain the precise
information required for the purpose of the study.
The purpose of the study and its aims informed the methods used below to gather
accurate and precise information from reliable sources.
The multiple approaches that were utilized by the researchers in order to
gather accurate information from a factual basis for the execution of this study,
entitled "Parque de Imus: Stimulating Human-Environment Interaction to A Livable
Community", are discussed and explained below.
METHODOLOGY
The data in the following parts was gathered using a variety of methodologies,
which the researchers highly supported.
Descriptive Method
Information is obtained using this method of gathering data through
evaluation. Interviewing individuals as well as analyzing academic documents and
publications the project environment's present situation is explained using an

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approach. It corresponds to a detailed understanding of the behavior that affects the
environment. Due to its frequent comparisons with the descriptive approach,
research that is gathered from an analysis of the local area's current state.
Narrative Analysis
Primarily, accounts of experiences are used in this, as well as facts or life
narratives. In order to derive meaning from the text, these stories have been used as
data, using the viewpoint of the speaker as opposed to the wider community.
Psychological, biographical, and discourse analysis are the three most commonly
used forms of narrative analysis. In the former, the story is analyzed in terms of the
individuals' inner justifications and ideas, whereas in the latter, the written or spoken
words are simplified into individual components or patterns. A biographical analysis
includes the individual's society in addition to factors like gender and class.
Qualitative Method
The researchers utilized a variety of data gathering approaches, including
factual information, observations, and textual or visual interpretation.
Quantitative Method
The researcher evaluates demographic information, population density per
region, and individual interactions with the application of statistics and studies in
order to analyze and interpret meaning through text, narrative, or visual data by
developing themes particularly for that set of subjects.
RESEARCH DESIGN
Problem Identification

Livable Community
Due to pandemic crisis that start on March 2020, government limits the
outdoor activities. Socialization may possible contagious disease or Covid19
outspread easily. Community quarantine is become the solution to avoid spreading
out to the individuals. Lack of exercise, lack of nature contacts and always using
gadget that produce radiation is the result of Lockdown. After a long lockdown, the
new normal is implemented and the socialization is now open. A lot of opportunities
was provided to the community. Rapid urbanization may lead to lack of natural
environment. Together with the fast-growing city is a lack of park that may help the
community to gather, socialization and to relax.
Based on much research and personal observations, Imus City, Cavite, has
the biggest potential for developing an urban park in order to provide answers to this
issue with a broader benefit.
Gathering Data
Following the resolution of the problem, the feasibility of the proposal was
justified. As a result, the researchers obtained the required information and
documentation in order to determine the feasibility of the study. To collect data for the
study, the researchers visited the study locations and acquired information from the
municipality, city, and location's main office. The agencies and departments involved
in the study were also visited in order to provide authentic and usable research.
Site Selection
The fundamental purpose of the study is to select a site and focus on
encouraging sociability and engagement with the human environment. The city of
Imus has been selected as the location. The researchers conduct site visits in the city

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of Imus while providing the papers and data they've collected, including the technical
description. The location is chosen according to the site parameters specified by the
researchers. In line with the site criteria, the place meets the following requirements:
1. Accessible to the residential community
2. It must be found in the least crowded region possible.
3. It must be somewhere in a city.
4. Achieve the municipal CLUP's standards of land capability.
5. Must be classified as an appropriate land use provided by the local
government.
6. The land requires at least 5–6 hectares.
7. The location must be on a city street that is easily accessible.
8. The location or property shall not be located in areas prone to natural
hazards or active environmental disasters.
Site Analysis
The researchers' CLUP gave the information required to improve the
foundation of the chosen locations. The location of the research has been carefully
selected, taking into account all external aspects that may have had an impact on the
proposal's success. Every phase of the site analysis and selection process is
discussed thoroughly in Chapter 4.
Data analysis
The information gathered, including the site, published and unpublished
research and documents, and other legal bases, is intended to support the research
being conducted and was carefully applied and evaluated in order to ensure effective
execution throughout the process of research.

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Design Conceptualization
The data gathered will serve as a basis, utilizing information that indicates the
rationale underlying concepts and ideas that will function in the architectural
component of the design's favor.
Preliminary Design
This discusses the variety of schemes and procedures applied by the
researchers to achieve the most effective and suitable use of the spaces, which will
be compliant to building codes and go through development, analysis, and planning
in order to guarantee the quality of the architectural design proposal.
Initial Evaluation
The problems identified during the preliminary design stage will be evaluated
using the project's criteria in order to create a far more efficient design solution.
RESEARCH INSTRUMENT
Published or Unpublished Material Review
The published and unpublished literature written by illustrious writers will aid
the researcher's thoughts and observations in analyzing difficulties and determining
study objectives. Every piece of data and information bank gathered will help shape
the design procedure. In addition, a review of related studies and works of literature
will provide the building technology and material ideas required to support the design.
World Wide Web (WWW)
When it comes to research, the World Wide Web is now considered to be the
most accessible and fastest procedure or mode of acquiring access to accurate
information. It is commonly utilized by scholars since it has a vast variety of sections
of information that are merely a touch or click away.

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GOVERNMENT AGENCIES
The government entities that are required to offer information within the scope
of the study present the researchers with the rules, legislation, and design standards
that will be included in the building usage and spaces. The following government
departments are used:
LGU (Local Government Unit) –New City Hall of Imus City Brgy. Malagasang
Rd, Imus, Cavite
The city offices, such as the City Planning and Development Office, the City
Architectural Planning and Design Office, the City Engineering Office, the City
Tourism and Development Office, and the City Parks and Historical Sites
Administration Unit, were used to collect relevant data and facts, such as zoning
legislation, physical profiles, socioeconomic profiles, and additional information.
City Planning and Development Office - 2nd Floor New City Hall of Imus City
Brgy. Malagasang Rd, Imus, Cavite
Issuance of site clearance for building permit application: one-stop shop
construction permit Zoning certification is issued. Issuance of subdivision,
development, and alteration permits Certified authentic copies of blueprints, maps,
and other documents are issued. In addition, provide information and a profile of the
city.
City Architectural Planning and Design Office - 4th Floor New City Hall of Imus
City Brgy. Malagasang Rd, Imus, Cavite
Changes in policies and objectives, plans and programs, method
development, and public works in general should be initiated, reviewed, and
recommended. Design structures that are useful, safe, sustainable, and aesthetically

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acceptable to the public, utilizing professional construction knowledge and high-level
drawing abilities.
City Engineering Office- 4th Floor New City Hall of Imus City Brgy. Malagasang
Rd, Imus, Cavite
Changes in policies and objectives, plans and programs, method
development, and public works in general should be initiated, reviewed, and
recommended. Inform the mayor on infrastructure, public works, and other
engineering issues. Administer, coordinate, monitor, and regulate infrastructure
public works and other engineering projects' construction, maintenance,
improvement, and repair. Perform any other engineering-related functions that may
be assigned.
City Tourism and Development Office - 2nd Floor New City Hall of Imus City
Brgy. Malagasang Rd, Imus, Cavite
Responsible for the implementation of tourism marketing or information
initiatives, the celebration of significant cultural historical events, and rehabilitation,
preservation, and development of the city's cultural landmarks.
City Environment and Natural Resources Office- 3rd Floor New City Hall of Imus
City Brgy. Malagasang Rd, Imus, Cavite
Information regarding the area's varied impacts on the environment will help
determine which approaches and criteria should be held and followed.
GADGETS AND SCHOOL MATERIALS
The researchers used a camera to record the research, specifically the
location, in addition to a request letter with their phone number and email address,

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flash drives for storing soft copies of the data they acquired throughout the inquiry,
and notebooks or paper to write down important information.
TECHNICAL PERSONS CONSULTATION
In order to collect data for the proposal, researchers broadened their scope of
data collection by consulting with various related professionals who are reliable and
knowledgeable about the study, as not all research information was available from
published or unpublished materials.
 Arch. Madrona, Carlo J. UAP, RMP Mock- Thesis Adviser
 Arch. Naval, Abraham UAP Thesis Technical Adviser
 Arch. Saquilayan, Roel S. UAP City Architect I (City Architectural Planning
and Design Office of Imus City, Cavite)

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ROOM DATA SHEET
TITLE OF PROJECT: Parque de Imus: Stimulating Human-Environment Interaction to A Livable Community
SITE: Pedro Reyes st. Malagasang 1-G Imus city Cavite

NAME OF SPACE: comfort room male
LOCATION / DEPARTMENT: Food kiosk
ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS & CONDITIONS

AMBIENT LIGHT E D U ACOUSTIC TREATMENT L M H
EMERGENCY LIGHT E D U FIRE RISK L M H

DAY LIGHT E D U OTHER RISKS L M H
NATURAL PASSIVE
LIGHT VENTILATION
ARTIFICIAL ACTIVE
LEGEND: Essential, Desirable, Unnecessary LEGEND: Low, Medium, High
FUNCTIONAL DESIGN REQUIREMENTS

INTERACTION
TERRITORIAL REQUIREMENTS PRIVATE SPACE GROUP SPACE ACCESS SPACE
SPACE
USER GROUP PUBLIC SEMI PUBLIC PRIVATE SPECIFIC
ACTIVITIES PRIMARY SECONDARY
Toilet Area Washing Area
ACTIVE QUIET
NATURE OF ACTIVITY NOISE LEVEL
PASSIVE NOISY
DURATION OF SPACE TO BE DAY MORNING AFTERNOON
USED NIGHT EVENING LATE EVENING
SPACE USER'S PROFILE

Space Required Area
No. of
User/s needed per Floor Area Sub-total
Length Width user/s
user
Visitor/s 1.50 0.85 1.28 10 12.75
Disabled Person/s 1.50 1.40 2.10 1 2.10
0.00 0.00
0.00 0.00
0.00 0.00
Total Area of User/s in Sq. Mts. 14.85
FURNITURE / FIXTURE PROFILE

Space Required Area
No. of F
Furniture / Fixture needed per Floor Area Sub-total
Length Width /F
F /F
water closet 1.20 0.85 1.02 4 4.08
tissue roll holder 0.33 0.15 0.05 5 0.25
trashbins 0.30 0.30 0.09 8 0.72
lavatories 0.50 0.60 0.30 4 1.20
urinals 0.69 0.46 0.32 3 0.95
vertical grab bar 1.05 0.04 0.04 1 0.04
horizontal grab bar 0.45 0.04 0.02 1 0.02
hand dryer 0.32 0.30 0.10 2 0.19
0.00 0.00
Total Area For Furniture / Fixture in Sq. Mts. 7.45
Total Area Required in Square Meters 22.30

30 % Movement Space Allocation: 6.69 Grand Total: 28.99
Area should range from 26.09 to 31.89 sq. mts.

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ROOM DATA SHEET

NAME OF SPACE: comfort room female


NATURAL PASSIVE
LIGHT VENTILATION
ARTIFICIAL ACTIVE

INTERACTION
SPACE
Toilet Area Washing Area
ACTIVE QUIET
PASSIVE NOISY

Space Required Area
No. of
Length Width user/s
user
Visitor/s 1.50 0.85 1.28 10 12.75
Disabled Person/s 1.50 1.40 2.10 1 2.10
0.00 0.00
0.00 0.00
0.00 0.00

Space Required Area
No. of F
Length Width /F
F /F
water closet 1.20 0.85 1.02 11 11.22
tissue roll holder 0.33 0.15 0.05 13 0.64
trashbins 0.30 0.30 0.09 13 1.17
lavatories 0.50 0.60 0.30 5 1.50
wall mouted diaper changing station 0.70 0.45 0.32 1 0.32
vertical grab bar 1.05 0.04 0.04 1 0.04
horizontal grab bar 0.45 0.04 0.02 1 0.02
hand dryer 0.32 0.30 0.10 2 0.19
0.00 0.00


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ROOM DATA SHEET

NAME OF SPACE: utility room


NATURAL PASSIVE
LIGHT VENTILATION
ARTIFICIAL ACTIVE

INTERACTION
SPACE
storage of cleaning materials temporary storage of trashbags
ACTIVE QUIET
PASSIVE NOISY

Space Required Area
No. of
Length Width user/s
user
employee 1.20 1.20 1.44 2 2.88
0.00 0 0.00
0.00 0.00
0.00 0.00
0.00 0.00

Space Required Area
No. of F
Length Width /F
F /F
cleaning cabinet 1.60 1.20 1.92 1 1.92
dumpster 1.80 1.80 3.24 1 3.24
floor mop sink 0.40 0.50 0.20 1 0.20
0.00 0.00
0.00 0.00
0.00 0.00
0.00 0.00
0.00 0.00
0.00 0.00


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NATIONAL COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

Amafel Bldg. Aguinaldo Highway, Dasmarinas, Cavite

PARQUE DE IMUS: STIMULATING HUMAN-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION TO A

Presented to the Faculty of

National College of Science and Technology

In Partial Fulfillment of Requirements for the

Subject ARCH 037- Architectural Design 08

Lopez, Julie Ann

Malabanan, John Christian

Parque de Imus: Stimulating Human-Environment Interaction to A

Parque de Imus: Stimulating Human-Environment Interaction to A

virus is the infectious diseases known as corona-virus disease (COVID-19). The

to school. People can go out freely without constraints (Punay, 2022).

as it has a significant impact on psychological and physical health such as

depression, anxiety, underlying vision issues, physical inactivity, and obesity.

The UN World Urbanization prospects reports estimates that, by 2050, 68% of

Parque de Imus: Stimulating Human-Environment Interaction to A

well-being of the community. It encourages active lifestyle, encourage biodiversity in

city, helps to control temperatures and humidity, and enhance socialization.

1.1 Background of the Study

elements in urban settings enhances quality of life in a variety of ways. “A park

experience may reduce stress” (Ulrich, 1981), “enhance contemplativeness,

assumption that natural environments have a positive influence on psychological and

and renewal, which lowers frustration.

Parque de Imus: Stimulating Human-Environment Interaction to A

Kornblum (1979). The value of providing environmental components can leads to

good relationship of human to Environment.

This research addresses the importance of human to environment and

Interaction to A Livable Community.

1.2 Statement of the Problem

These aspects raise questions such as:

being of urban population?

Parque de Imus: Stimulating Human-Environment Interaction to A

 How do urban parks help mitigate environmental hazards?

outdoors and away from their digital devices?

 What aspects should be considered when creating a safer park environment

to enhance the lives of the community?

1.3 Objectives of the Study

The following are the objectives of the study:

play, learn and interact with each other.

 To consider the effective planning of architectural elements that will help to

reduce common problems of environment.

 To consider the aspects of developing a well-planned design element that will

help individuals improve their social, physical, and psychological health.

 To guarantee the security and safety of the community, monitoring cameras,

sufficient design planning will be built and;

1.4 Significance of the Study

Parque de Imus: Stimulating Human-Environment Interaction to A

The goal of this project is to create a human-environment strategy that

provides socialization and interaction to a living community in the City of Imus

connection to nature. This proposed initiative, "Parque de Imus: Stimulating Human-

Residents of Imus city- The study's recommendations will encourage residents to

enjoy moments in natural environments, engage in leisure activities and outdoor

the beauty of the environment.

Entrepreneur - This proposal's research will support small entrepreneurs in

establishing and creating new businesses, as well as creating employment

supported by the following local government agencies:

● Department of Environment and Natural Resources- The executive

department of the Philippine government responsible for governing and

supervising the exploration, development, utilization, and conservation of the

country’s environment and natural resources

Parque de Imus: Stimulating Human-Environment Interaction to A

● Department of Tourism – The executive department of the Philippine

the promotion of the Philippines as a tourist destination.