BRITISH STANDARD BS 6912-22.

4:
1996
ISO 10263-4:
1994

Safety of earth-moving
machinery —
Part 22: Operator enclosure
environment —

Section 22.4 Operator enclosure

ventilation, heating and/or
air-conditioning test method

ICS 53.100
BS 6912-22.4:1996

Committees responsible for this

British Standard

The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by Technical

Committee B/513, Construction equipment and plant and site safety, to
Subcommittee B/513/1, Earth-moving machinery, upon which the following
bodies were represented:

British Coal Corporation

Construction Plant (Hire Association)
Federation of Civil Engineering Contractors
Federation of Manufacturers of Construction Equipment and Cranes
Health and Safety Executive
Institution of Civil Engineers
Silsoe Research Institute

This British Standard, having

been prepared under the
direction of the Sector Board
for Building and Civil
Engineering, was published
under the authority of the
Standards Board and
comes into effect on Amendments issued since publication
15 June 1996

© BSI 07-1999
Amd. No. Date Comments

The following BSI references

relate to the work on this
standard:
Committee reference B/513/1
Draft for comment 92/87781 DC

ISBN 0 580 25695 2

 BS 6912-22.4:1996

Contents

Page
Committees responsible Inside front cover
National foreword ii
1 Scope 1
2 Normative references 1
3 Definitions 1
4 Test equipment and instrumentation 1
5 General conditions 1
6 Air-conditioning, heating and/or ventilation systems 2
7 Air-conditioning system 2
8 Heating system 3
9 Ventilation system 4
10 Test report 5
Annex A (informative) Bibliography 6
Figure 1 — Measurement point locations 3
Figure 2 — Operator comfort chart 4
List of references Inside back cover

© BSI 07-1999 i
BS 6912-22.4:1996

National foreword

This Section of BS 6912-22 has been prepared by Subcommittee B/513/1. It is

identical with ISO 10263-4:1994 Earth-moving machinery — Operator enclosure
environment — Part 4: Operator enclosure ventilation, heating and/or
air-conditioning test method, published by the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO).
ISO 10263-4 was prepared by Subcommittee SC 2, Safety requirements and
human factors, of ISO Technical Committee ISO/TC 127, Earth-moving
machinery, with the active participation and approval of the UK.
The Sections of BS 6912-22 comprise:
— Section 22.1: General and definitions;
— Section 22.2: Air filter test;
— Section 22.3: Operator enclosure pressurization test method;
— Section 22.4: Operator enclosure ventilation, heating and/or
air-conditioning test method;
— Section 22.5: Windscreen defrosting system test method;
— Section 22.6: Determination of the effect of solar heating on the operator
enclosure.

Cross-references
Publication referred to Corresponding British Standard
BS 6911 Testing earth-moving machinery
ISO 9249:1989 Part 4:1990 Method for the evaluation of engine power
output
(Identical)
BS 6912 Earth-moving machinery
Part 22 Operator enclosure environment
ISO 10263-2:1994 Section 22.2:1996 Air filter test
(Identical)
ISO 10263-3:1994 Section 22.3:1996 Operator enclosure pressurization test
method
(Identical)
ISO 10263-6:1994 Section 22.6:1996 Determination of the effect of solar
heating on the operator enclosure
(Identical)
A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a
contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application.
Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity
from legal obligations.

Summary of pages
This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii,
pages 1 to 6, an inside back cover and a back cover.
This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had
amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the
inside front cover.

ii © BSI 07-1999

1 Scope
This part of ISO 10263 specifies a test method which
provides uniform measurement of the temperature
and humidity inside an operator enclosure of an
earth-moving machine equipped with devices for
air-conditioning, heating and/or ventilation.
2 Normative references
The following standards contain provisions which,
through reference in this text, constitute provisions
of this part of ISO 10263. At the time of publication,
the editions indicated were valid. All standards are
subject to revision, and parties to agreements based
on this part of ISO 10263 are encouraged to
investigate the possibility of applying the most
recent editions of the standards indicated below.
Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of
currently valid International Standards.
ISO 9249:1989, Earth-moving machinery — Engine
test code — Net power.
ISO 10263-2:1994, Earth-moving machinery —
Operator enclosure environment — Part 2: Air filter
test.
ISO 10263-3:1994, Earth-moving machinery —
Operator enclosure environment — Part 3: Operator
enclosure pressurization test method.
ISO 10263-6:1994, Earth-moving machinery —
Operator enclosure environment —
Part 6: Determination of effect of solar heating on
operator enclosure.
3 Definitions
For the purposes of this part of ISO 10263, the
following definitions apply.
3.1
comfort chart
diagram to indicate the effective temperature range
in which an operator environment is perceived to be
comfortable [ISO 10263-1:1994, definition 3.2]
3.2
operator environment
space surrounding the operator defined by
temperature measurement points [10263-1:1994,
definition 3.3]
3.3
air-conditioning system
any system which lowers the effective air
temperature within the operator environment by
means of a refrigerant [ISO 10263-1:1994,
definition 3.13]
© BSI 07-1999
BS 6912-22.4:1996
3.4
heating system
any system which raises the effective air
temperature within the operator environment
[ISO 10263-1:1994, definition 3.14]
3.5
air handling system
any system which lowers or raises the effective air
temperature within the operator enclosure by the
use of full air-conditioning, air-conditioning,
heating or ventilation [ISO 10263-1:1994,
definition 3.15]
3.6
ventilation system
any system which provides fresh air to, and
maintains air circulation within, the operator
environment [ISO 10263-1:1994, definition 3.16]
4 Test equipment and instrumentation
4.1 Test enclosure sufficiently large to contain the
base machine with provision to circulate
conditioned air and to load the machine engine and
transmission.
4.2 Thermometers or other
temperature-measuring devices, with a
measuring accuracy of ± 0,5 °C.
4.3 Manometers or other pressure-measuring
devices, with a measuring accuracy of 2 % of the
observed values.
4.4 Psychrometer with a measuring accuracy
of ± 0,5 °C, to obtain the wet bulb temperature.
4.5 Manometer with a measuring accuracy of 10 %
of the observed values, to measure the operator
enclosure pressurization.
4.6 Tachometer with a measuring accuracy of 2 %
of the observed values.
4.7 Anemometer with a measuring accuracy
of 10 % of the observed values, to measure the air
velocity.
5 General conditions
5.1 Field test conditions may be used.
5.2 If it is not practical to test the base machine due
to physical size limitations, the operator’s enclosure
may be bench-tested with simulation of the loads
imposed by the base machine on the enclosure. If
this procedure is used, correlation with field data
shall be established.
5.3 The ambient air temperature shall be measured
at a location where it is not affected by the machine
and at a height equivalent to the air intake height
on the operator enclosure.
1
BS 6912-22.4:1996
The dry bulb temperature shall be measured as
close as practical to positions 1 to 6 as shown in
Figure 1.
If an alternative operator station position is
available (for example, in a backhoe loader
machine), the alternative positions should also be
tested with a comparable array of
temperature-measurement positions.
The wet bulb temperature shall be measured at
position 6 as shown in Figure 1.
5.4 The operator enclosure pressurization shall be
measured in accordance with ISO 10263-3.
5.5 The refrigerant pressure may be measured at
both the inlet and outlet connections of the
compressor.
5.6 To determine machine temperature
stabilization, the engine coolant, transmission oil
and hydraulic oil temperatures may be recorded if
applicable.
5.7 It is recommended that the air velocity should be
measured at the operator eye point (position 7 in
Figure 1).
6 Air-conditioning, heating and/or
ventilation systems
6.1 Common test conditions
6.1.1 The operator enclosure should be capable of
being pressurized at a minimum pressure level
of 50 Pa, but not exceeding 200 Pa, and be
maintained at this level throughout the test.
6.1.2 Under all conditions of air-conditioning,
heating or ventilation, a minimum of 43 m3 /h of
filtered fresh air per enclosure occupant should be
provided.
6.1.3 Under all conditions of air-conditioning,
heating or ventilation, the temperatures measured
in the operator’s environment should be uniform
within 5 °C.
6.1.4 Filtered fresh air should be passed through a
filter that is a minimum of 96 % efficient, using fine
test dust and the test method specified in
ISO 10263-2.
6.1.5 It is recommended that a means should be
provided to limit the maximum air velocity in front
of the operator’s eyes to 0,3 m/s. Adjustable diffusers
may be used to redirect air.
6.1.6 Test conditions shall be maintained
throughout the duration of the test.
6.2 Test procedure
6.2.1 Run the air-conditioning, heating and/or
ventilation system, and record the operator
enclosure temperatures as indicated in 5.3, at
intervals not greater than 5 min.
2 © BSI 07-1999
Calculate the average dry bulb temperatures from
all six points, to obtain the enclosure dry bulb
temperature for each reading interval.
6.2.2 Consider the test terminated when either of
the following conditions is fulfilled:
a) the minimum temperature recorded in 6.2.1
does not vary by more than 0,5 °C in 15 min;
b) the test has run for 1 h.
6.2.3 Compare the data obtained at the test
termination with the operator comfort chart in
Figure 2.
7 Air-conditioning system
7.1 Test conditions
7.1.1 The air-conditioning system shall be tested in
its intended production configuration, adjusted
within the manufacturer’s specifications.
7.1.2 The ambient conditions for moderate
temperature and high humidity shall be:
a) minimum dry bulb temperature: + 32 °C;
b) minimum wet bulb temperature: + 25 °C;
c) maximum air velocity passing the machine
from front to rear: 5 m/s.
7.1.3 The machine shall be operated at rated engine
speed in a mode which will provide at least one-half
of the maximum rated net engine power,
determined in accordance with ISO 9249.
7.1.4 The air-conditioning system controls shall be
set in accordance with the manufacturer’s
specifications or be adjusted to provide maximum
operator enclosure pressure.
7.1.5 An operator may be present in the enclosure
throughout the duration of the test.
7.1.6 Prior to conducting tests on the
air-conditioning system, the machine shall be
operated for 1 h in accordance with 7.1.3, with the
air-conditioning system not in use to provide a
preliminary, stabilizing heat soak period. During
this period, the ambient temperature shall be as
specified in 7.1.2.
7.2 Minimum air-conditioning performance
The air-conditioning system shall be capable of
reducing the operator environment temperature to
the comfort zone of the operator comfort chart in
Figure 2, or a minimum of 11 °C below the ambient
temperature for ambient temperatures of
between 38 °C and the highest ambient
temperature at which the machine is designed to
operate.

Figure 1 — Measurement point locations
8 Heating system
8.1 Test conditions
8.1.1 The heating system shall be tested in the
intended production configuration, adjusted within
the manufacturer’s specifications.
8.1.2 The ambient conditions for the heating system
test shall be:
a) maximum dry bulb temperature: – 7 °C;
b) maximum air velocity passing the machine
from front to rear: 5 m/s.
8.1.3 Before carrying out the tests, the machine
shall be cold soaked for a minimum of 10 h at the
temperature specified in 8.1.2.
© BSI 07-1999
BS 6912-22.4:1996
8.1.4 The machine shall be operated in accordance
with the manufacturer’s recommended warm-up
practice and then run at rated speed under a
maximum load of no more than 20 % of the
maximum rated net engine power, as determined in
accordance with ISO 9249.
8.1.5 The heater system controls shall be set in
accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions or
be adjusted to provide maximum operator enclosure
pressurization.
8.1.6 An operator may be present in the enclosure
throughout the duration of the test.
3
BS 6912-22.4:1996

Figure 2 — Operator comfort chart

8.2 Minimum heater performance 9 Ventilation system
The heating system shall be capable of increasing 9.1 Test conditions
the operator environment temperature to the
comfort zone of the operator comfort chart specified 9.1.1 The ventilation system shall be tested in its
intended production configuration, adjusted within
in Figure 2, or a minimum of 36 °C above the
the manufacturer’s specifications.
ambient temperature for ambient temperatures
between – 12 °C and the lowest ambient
temperature at which the machine is designed to
operate.

4 © BSI 07-1999
 BS 6912-22.4:1996

9.1.2 The ambient conditions for the ventilation
system test shall be:
a) maximum dry bulb temperature: + 27 °C;
b) maximum air velocity passing the machine
from front to rear: 5 m/s.
9.1.3 The machine shall be operated in accordance
with the manufacturer’s recommended warm-up
procedure, and then run at the rated speed under a
maximum load of no more than 20 % of the
maximum rated net engine power, as determined in
accordance with ISO 9249.
9.1.4 The ventilation system controls shall be
adjusted to the maximum position with maximum
operator enclosure pressurization.
9.1.5 An operator may be present in the enclosure
throughout the duration of the test.
9.2 Minimum ventilation performance
The minimum ventilation performance
requirements shall be as indicated in 6.1.
2) solar radiant energy levels as measured in
accordance with ISO 10263-6.
b) Heating:
1) temperature rise above ambient at the
specific ambient temperature;
2) solar radiant energy levels as measured in
accordance with ISO 10263-6.
c) Ventilation:
1) enclosure temperature uniformity;
2) ambient temperature;
3) operator enclosure pressurization pressure;
4) volume of fresh filtered air provided;
5) solar radiant energy levels as measured in
accordance with ISO 10263-6.

10 Test report
The test report shall contain the following
information. In addition, the optional test
conditions shall be recorded when they are used.
a) Air-conditioning and humidity control:
1) dry and wet bulb temperature reduction
from the specific ambient values;

© BSI 07-1999 5
BS 6912-22.4:1996

Annex A (informative)
Bibliography
[1] ISO 6097:1989, Tractors and self-propelled machines for agriculture — Performance of heating and
ventilation systems in closed cabs — Test method.

6 © BSI 07-1999
 BS 6912-22.4:1996

List of references

See national foreword.

© BSI 07-1999
BS 6912-22.4:
1996
ISO 10263-4: BSI — British Standards Institution
1994
BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing
British Standards. It presents the UK view on standards in Europe and at the
international level. It is incorporated by Royal Charter.

Revisions

British Standards are updated by amendment or revision. Users of

British Standards should make sure that they possess the latest amendments or
editions.

It is the constant aim of BSI to improve the quality of our products and services.
We would be grateful if anyone finding an inaccuracy or ambiguity while using
this British Standard would inform the Secretary of the technical committee
responsible, the identity of which can be found on the inside front cover.
Tel: 020 8996 9000. Fax: 020 8996 7400.

BSI offers members an individual updating service called PLUS which ensures
that subscribers automatically receive the latest editions of standards.

Buying standards

Orders for all BSI, international and foreign standards publications should be
addressed to Customer Services. Tel: 020 8996 9001. Fax: 020 8996 7001.

In response to orders for international standards, it is BSI policy to supply the

BSI implementation of those that have been published as British Standards,
unless otherwise requested.

Information on standards

BSI provides a wide range of information on national, European and

international standards through its Library and its Technical Help to Exporters
Service. Various BSI electronic information services are also available which give
details on all its products and services. Contact the Information Centre.
Tel: 020 8996 7111. Fax: 020 8996 7048.

Subscribing members of BSI are kept up to date with standards developments

and receive substantial discounts on the purchase price of standards. For details
of these and other benefits contact Membership Administration.
Tel: 020 8996 7002. Fax: 020 8996 7001.

Copyright

Copyright subsists in all BSI publications. BSI also holds the copyright, in the
UK, of the publications of the internationalstandardization bodies. Except as
permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 no extract may be
reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any
means – electronic, photocopying, recording or otherwise – without prior written
permission from BSI.

This does not preclude the free use, in the course of implementing the standard,
of necessary details such as symbols, and size, type or grade designations. If these
details are to be used for any other purpose than implementation then the prior
written permission of BSI must be obtained.

If permission is granted, the terms may include royalty payments or a licensing

agreement. Details and advice can be obtained from the Copyright Manager.
BSI Tel: 020 8996 7070.
389 Chiswick High Road
London
W4 4AL