EKURHULENI NORTH

DISTRICT
14 NOVEMBER 2018
TH

Grade 8 Examination
MARKING GUIDE

Subject : Social Sciences

Discipline : History
Date : 14th November 2018
Mark Allocation : 75
Time Allocation : 1½ HOURS

NB
Colleagues this is a marking guide, accept
relevant answer but add them in this memo
 SECTION A: THE SCRAMBLE FOR AFRICA

QUESTION 1:

1.1 Match column A with column B and write your answer in column C. Write only the
letter next to the number. (5)

Column A Column B Column C

1.1.1 Communalism A. A competitive struggle to take control of 1.1.1E

Africa
1.1.2 Capitalism B. The practice of assuming political control 1.1.2 D
of another country
1.1.3 Colonialism C. A group of colonies, a large area controlled 1.1.3 B
by a king or emperor
1.1.4 Empire D. System based on private ownership, 1.1.4 C
production and operation for profit
1.1.5 Scramble of E. The practice of living together and sharing 1.1.5 A
Africa possessions and responsibilities.
5x1(5)

QUESTION 2: AFRICA BEFORE COLONISATION [6]

2 Choose the correct words in brackets by underlining

a) The Indian Ocean was used for trading. Goods from Africa were traded
for (spices/leather) which came from the (West/East).
b) Mogadishu/Jene/ Timbuktu/Mombasa) are TWO towns on the
Indian Ocean trade route.
c) The Atlantic Ocean was also a route used for ‘trade’. Goods from Africa
and (animals/people) were taken by force, mostly to (South
America/North America).
QUESTION 3: THE ASHANTI KINGDOM [14]

3.1 Study the following flags and answer the questions below

The flag of the Ashanti Kingdom The flag of the British Gold Coast

3.1.1 What is the central symbol of the Ashanti flag and what does it represent? (2)
It is the Golden stool. It represents the independence, the pride and the
power of the Ashanti people. 

3.1.2 Describe the symbols seen on the Gold Coast flag. 2x2(4)
The elephant and the jungle scene 
the letters G.C. represent the Gold Coast. 
The Union Jack is the British flag and is in the left top corner of the
colonial flag.
ANY TWO

3.1.3 The local farmers who still had access to land, were forced to sell their crops
very cheaply. What became one of the largest profitable crops for the British
Empire? (1)
Cocoa 

3.1.4 What is the basic ingredient of chocolate? (1)

Cocoa 
3.2 Carefully read this extract from Dr Kwame Nkrumah’s speech and answer
the questions below:

Extract from Dr Kwame Nkrumah’s speech

‘We again rededicate ourselves in the struggle to emancipate other countries in

Africa; for our independence is meaningless unless it is linked up with the total
liberation of the African continent … I believe … that … the African race … will
emerge … as a great Power whose greatness is … founded on hope, trust,
friendship and directed to the good of all mankind.’

Independence Speech, Dr Kwame Nkrumah, 5 March 1957

3.2.1 Pick out words or phrases which show that Kwame Nkrumah:

a) Suggests that gaining freedom was not easy (1)

struggle

b) Is committed to helping other African countries gain their

Independence (1)
Emancipate other countries

c) Feels that other countries in Africa need to be free before Ghana can be
really independent (1)
Our independence is meaningless

d) Believes that Africans can become a powerful force (1)

Emerge as a great power

3.2.2 European powers counted themselves as ‘great’ if they had many colonies.
How does Kwame Nkrumah view greatness? (2)

Greatness is … founded on hope, trust, friendship and directed to the

good of all mankind

QUESTION 4: RESULTS OF COLONISATION [5]

Write a paragraph about 7-8 about the bad results of colonization in Africa. In
your paragraph use the following sub-headings: 5x1(5)

 Social and cultural results

 Political results
 Economic results

Learner should include these points:

 Social and cultural results
African culture was destroyed
A calendar, new languages and writings were introduced
Colonial clothes and buildings replaced African clothes and
buildings
 Political results
European countries ruled Africa through local chiefs
New military systems introduced
Africans were oppressed in their own land
New boundaries were created
 Economic results
 Africans were forced into labour
 Moved from self-sufficient to dependent on imported goods
 African minerals were exploited

USE THE RUBRIC ON THE LAST PAGE

SECTION A TOTAL 30 MARKS

SECTION B: WORLD WAR I (1914-1918)

QUESTION 5: WORLD WAR I AND SOUTH AFRICA [10]

Study the following source and answer the questions below:

The sinking of the SS Mendi on 21 February 1917 became one of South Africa's worst
tragedies of the First World War (1914-1919). A total of 616 South Africans, including
607 black troops serving in the South African Native Labour Contingent, died when
the steamship sank in the English Channel on the way to France. The incident
happened in the early hours of 21 February 1917, when another ship, the SS Darro
(10 0000 tons) travelling at full speed and emitting no warning signals, rammed theSS
Mendi.

The SS Mendi sailed from Cape Town on 16 January 1917 en route to La Havre in
France, carrying the Fifth Battalion of the South African Native Labour Contingent. On
board were 805 black privates, 22 white officers and a crew of 33.

In his attempt to calm the panicked men, Rev. Isaac Wauchope Dyobha said: "Be
quiet and calm, my countrymen. What is happening now is what you came to do ...
you are going to die, but that is what you came to do ... I, a Xhosa, say you are my
brothers ... Swazis, Pondos, Basotho ... so let us die like brothers. We are the sons of
Africa ..."

www.sahistory.org.za/article/ss-mendi

Decide which one of the options is the suitable ones to make the sentences
correct. UNDERLINE THE BEST OPTION

1. Black soldiers were not allowed to carry guns because

a) There was not enough ammunition for them
b) Officials were scared they might rebel 

2. The name ‘South African Native Labour Corps’ implies that

a) Only the Black soldiers were labourers
b) There were separate units for blacks and white soldiers

3. The captain of the Darro acted

a) Thoughtlessly and selfish
b) As people should during the war- he looked after his ship

4. That the Mendi was struck by another British ship is an example of

a) A ‘unfriendly’ casualty – the ships are on the same ‘side’
 b) An ‘unfriendly’ casualty – the ships are at war with each other

5. The tone of Rev Dyobha’s words is

a) Judgemental and harsh, full of anger
b) Accepting and positive, full of pride 

QUESTION 6: TRENCH WARFARE [10]

The land forces of the belligerent nations at the outbreak of war in August 1914 are
shown in Table 6.

Land forces of the belligerents, Aug. 4, 1914

Country regular total

divisions manpower
other land
(with number
forces
of field
armies)
27 Landwehr
Central Germany brigades 1,900,000
Powers
Austria-
48 (6) 450,000
Hungary
Russia 102 (6) 1,400,000

France 72 (5) 1,290,000

Allied Powers Serbia 11 (3) 190,000
69,000
Belgium 7 (1) 186,000
fortress troops
14 territorial
Great Britain 6 (1) 120,000
divisions*

6.1 (a) Calculate the number of manpower that the Allies and the Central powers
had in their armies as the war broke out. (4)

Central Powers = 1,9000 00 + 450 000 

= 1, 530 000

Allied Powers = 1, 400, 000 + 1,290, 000 + 190, 000 +186,000 +120, 000

= 3, 186, 000

(b) Which side had more powerful land forces? (1)

Allied Powers
(c) Why did the assassination in the Balkans become a World War? (1)
Austria blamed Serbia for the assassination. Austria’s friends supported
and Serbia’s friends defended and world countries were involved. 

6.2 British Soldiers in the Trench

a) Using the picture above identify FOUR conditions that the soldiers were facing
in the trenches. 4x1(4)
 Bad smell from rotten bodies
 Stagnant mud
 Infectious diseases such as cholera, dysentery, typhus
 Trenches were filled with rats that ate dead bodies
 Trench fever that was caused by lice
 Soldiers suffered shell shock caused by exploding bombs
 Suffered headaches that lead to mental instability

QUESTION 7: WOMEN IN BRITAIN IN WORLD WAR I [10]

 Long before World War I, women in Britain had started a movement to campaign
for the right to vote. They were called Suffragist (because ‘suffrage’ means vote).
The suffragists used peaceful methods, such as marches, letters to the newspapers,
and petitions to the parliament to persuade people to support their cause. But
attempts to get the law changed peacefully were not successful and some women
become impatient.

In 1903, one of them, Emmeline Pankhurst, formed the Women’s Social and
Political Union. She thought that the women’s movement has to use more radical
methods to change the law. The newspapers called them Suffragettes.
Suffragettes used more forceful methods to get their message across. They shouted
at political meetings, broke shop windows, and cut telegraph wires.

1. Explain the similarity in the aims of the suffragettes and suffragists. (2)

Suffragettes and Suffragists were both fighting for the women’s right to
vote

2. In what ways were their methods different. 2x2(4)

Suffragettes were using radical violent methods like breaking shop
windows and shouting at political meetings and Suffragists were
using peaceful methods like marches and petitions to government 
 3. Do you agree with Emmeline Pankhurst above quote? Give the reason for
your answer. 2x2 (4)
Yes
Sometimes peaceful protests don’t work
She began with peaceful protest but no one took them serious
ANY REASONABLE FACT

QUESTION 8: DEFEAT OF GERMANY AND THE TREATY OF VERSAILES [10]

1. Refer to source A. What do they all have in common? (2)

Interested in making sure that Germany sign the Treaty

2. Do you think that the punishment Germany got was fair? Give the reason for
your answer. 2x2(4)
Yes
They are the first to attacked France through Belgium 
ANY RELEVANT REASON

3. How do you think Germans felt about the Treaty of Versailles? (2)
They were angry and unfairly treated
 4. Mention any TWO terms of Treaty of Versailles. 2x1(2)
 Immediately disarm completely
 Accept full guilt for causing the war
 Pay reparations
 Give up its colonies
 Stop import and export of weapons
 Limit its armed forces to 100 000 troops
 Hand over the German leader, Wilhem II, to be tried in court as a
war criminal
ANY FOUR

QUESTION 9: REASONS WHY WORLD WAR BROKE OUT [5]

Write a paragraph about the reasons why World War I broke out. In your paragraph
use the following headings: 5x1(5)

Nationalism

 19th century European countries were competing to be the richest

 Citizens became proud of their country’s achievement
 Countries pride and devotion

Industrial economies

 Britain and Germany were fighting to be controllers of the industrial

economy

Control of seas

 Britain had the strongest navy in the world

 Britain used the navy to protect its coastline
 Germany wanted to build the great navy that could challenge Britain

Colonisations and empires

 European countries colonised many countries

 Britain and France had huge empires overseas
 The German Kaiser was envious and wanted Germany to have bigger
empire ANY FIVE RELEVANT FACTS
 Rubric for marking paragraphs
Assessment Not Achieved Partially achieved Achieved Outstanding/Exce
Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 llent achievement
Level 4
Content (5) Response to the Response Response to Response to
question adequately the question question is well
consists of addresses some is fairly written. Opinions
unsupported aspects of the written; are well
opinions that assigned topic; most supported
are marginally opinions are opinions are
related to the sometimes based supported
topic. on incorrect with facts.
(1) information. (3) (4-5)
(2)

SECTION B SUBTOTAL 45 MARKS

GRAND TOTAL 75 MARKS

GOOD LUCK!!!!