Fernando A.

Ana III 3BSN1

1. Pictures of nasal cannula, simple face mask, partial rebreather mask and non-rebreather
mask.

I.Nasal Cannula II. Simple Face Mask

III. Partial Rebreather Mask IV. Non-rebreather Mask

2. The difference between wet and dry chest tube drainage.

Wet and dry chest tube drainage are two methods of removing air or fluid from the pleural space
around the lungs. The pleural space is a thin potential space that lies between the outer surface of
the lung and the inner surface of the chest wall. When air or fluid leaks into the pleural space, it
can cause a pneumothorax or hemothorax.
Wet chest tube drainage uses a water-filled chamber to regulate the amount of suction applied to
the chest tube. The depth of the water in the chamber determines the amount of suction. Wet
suction systems are less expensive and more portable than dry suction systems, but they require
more monitoring and maintenance. They are also more likely to leak air.

Dry chest tube drainage uses a mechanical regulator to control the amount of suction applied to
the chest tube. Dry suction systems are more expensive and less portable than wet suction
systems, but they require less monitoring and maintenance. They are also less likely to leak air.
3. What are your pulmonary volumes and capacity. Write their description.

I.Pulmonary volumes are the different amounts of air that can be moved into and out of the
lungs. They are measured in liters (L).
Tidal volume (TV): The amount of air that is moved in and out of the lungs with each breath. It
is typically about 500 m (about 1640.42 ft) L in adults.
Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV): The additional amount of air that can be forcibly inhaled
beyond normal tidal inspiration. It is typically about 3,000 m (about 1.86 mi) L in adults.
Expiratory reserve volume (ERV): The additional amount of air that can be forcibly exhaled
beyond normal tidal expiration. It is typically about 1,100 m (about 3608.92 ft) L in adults.
Residual volume (RV): The amount of air that remains in the lungs after a maximum exhalation.
It is typically about 1,200 m (about 3937.01 ft) L in adults.

II.Pulmonary capacities are the different combinations of pulmonary volumes. They are also
measured in liters (L).
Vital capacity (VC): The maximum amount of air that can be exhaled after a maximum
inhalation. It is typically about 4,500 m (about 2.8 mi) L in adults.
Total lung capacity (TLC): The maximum amount of air that can be held in the lungs after
maximum inhalation. It is typically about 6,000 m (about 3.73 mi) L in adults.
Functional residual capacity (FRC): The amount of air that remains in the lungs after a normal
exhalation. It is typically about 2,300 m (about 1.43 mi) L in adults.

Factors that affect pulmonary volumes and capacities

 Age: Pulmonary volumes and capacities tend to decrease with age.

 Gender: Men typically have larger pulmonary volumes and capacities than women.
 Body size: People who are taller and have a larger body size typically have larger
pulmonary volumes and capacities.
 Physical fitness: People who are more physically fit typically have larger pulmonary
volumes and capacities.
 Smoking: Smoking can decrease pulmonary volumes and capacities.
 Respiratory diseases: Respiratory diseases, such as asthma and emphysema, can decrease
pulmonary volumes and capacities.