Nama : Alfonsus De Chyrillus

NIM : 2301013895
Fakultas : Ilmu Agama, Seni dan Budaya
Prodi : Filsafat Agama Hindu

The Philosophy of Hinduism

Hinduism is considered the oldest religion in the world. some of his followers, however, said
that "Hinduism is not a religion". To understand the statement, let's first dive into the word
Hindu. Adherents of Hinduism are generally known as Hindus. But for a long period of time,
the word Hindu meant the geographical area around and beyond the eastern Indus River. So,
the word "Hindu" comes from a Sanskrit word meaning Indus River, known as Sindhu.
Hinduism has geographical, cultural, and religious meanings attached to it. The religion of
the majority of the population is known as Hinduism or Hindu "Dharma". The word Dharma
means "living in the right way" in Sanskrit. the mythological aspect attached to the origin of
the Vedas that we have been talked about before, about the Vedas being eternal and ever-
present from the beginning. The same was also believed about the "right way of life" by his
followers. This is why Hinduism is also referred to as "Sanatan Dharma" which means the
way of life that has passed is lit up for eternity.
Hinduism, from a general point of view, looks like a religion of Polytheism, meaning with
several gods and goddesses. But on a deeper level, at least if we look at the Upanishads,
Hinduism follows the path of Henotheism, which means the worship of a single and
comprehensive god without denying the existence of other gods, Hindus of gods and
goddesses, according to the Upanishads, can be considered as different avatars of Brahman,
and Brahman himself is considered the only supernatural entity. The three gods commonly
referred to in Hinduism – Brahma – the creator (who is not to be confused with Brahman, the
universal soul), Vishnu – the preserver, and Shiva – the destroyer, are also distinct avatars of
Brahman. The philosophy of Hinduism is still very central in the lives and beliefs of its
followers. To understand how this belief still directs the lives of many of its followers, we
need to understand the meaning of four important concepts of the Vedas: Samsara, Dharma,
Karma, and Moksa.
Hindu philosophy believes in the concept of reincarnation. He believes that that life that you
are living right now is one of the many lives you have lived or will live, and this cycle (or
wheel) of birth and death is constantly known as Samsara. The belief (or rule) that your
current actions (or present life) determine your future outcome (or future life) is known as the
law of Karma. And its ultimate goal of every soul is to free itself from the cycle of Samsara
and that which continues to finally unite in eternal bliss (i.e. Brahman), known as Moksha.
during the Vedic era, not everyone was satisfied with the countless cycles of Samsara. The
soul, according to Hindu philosophy, will take endless years to break free from the cycle.
Then came someone who would ponder if anything could be another path to liberation from
Samsara—someone who was ready to devote his whole life in pursuit of this route. That man
was a man named Siddhartha Gautam — later widely known as Gautama Buddha, the
founder of Buddhism.