CS601 Test Topic 22 to 23

Well-done Qasim
Total Number 35

33/35 Due Date 9-6-2022 10 PM

Short Questions 5*3 = 15 improve it

3
Q :1
What is the data link layer?
ANSWER. It is the 2nd layer of TCP /IP protocol and OSI model
where we travel our message.

Q :2
Services provided by Data-Link Layer?
ANSWER There are for sarvices which are provided by
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 good
Data link layer given as bellow.
1.Framining control,
2.Error control
3.Flow control
4. Congestion control

Q :3
Dividing the data-link layer into two sublayers?
ANSWER
Data link control DLC
Media Access control MAC
3 Nice
Q :4
Why LINK-LAYER ADDRESSING?
ANSWER 3 Good
Linkn layer adress also called phusical layer or MAC adress.
Link layer adrsing is used to know the MAC adres of our
Reciver node. Because only IP adres does not travel our message therefore MAC adres is
also used in data link layer.

Q :5
Three Types of addresses?
ANSWER
There are main three types of adressing.
1. Unicast
2. Multi cast
3. Broadcast
3 Super
Long Question? 5*4 = 20
Q :1
Write down Types of Errors Explain with Examples?
ANSWER
There are Two types of Error.
1. Single Bit Error
2. Brust Error.
5 Well
1. Single bit errror as name shows one bit is changed from 0 to 1 or 1 to 0.
Therefore this is called singke bit error. e.g. 00.01
2 . Brust Error. In this type of Error 2 or more than 2 Error occur e.g. 00010.. 10101

Q :2
Block Coding definition and Formula of Block Coding
ANSWER 5
In block coding we devide our message in the number dataword of K bits where we add r
Redundant and we find N our codeword is caled block coding.
Formula. N = k+r

Q :3
By using Checksum Method Suppose the message is a list of five 4-bit numbers that we want
to send to a destination. In addition to sending these numbers, we send the sum of the
numbers.
Set of numbers is (7, 11, 12, 0, 6)
ANSWER
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7, 11,12,0,6 = 36 We should send (7,11,12,0,6,36)
(7,11,12,0,6,36)
But the first 5 are 4-bit numbers but the last 36 is not 4-bit
number so first, we convert it into 4- bit number
Q :4 36 = (100100)2

(7, 11, 12, 0, 6, 6) now we send it.

Using Hamming Distance If we want to correct 10 bits in a packet, we need to make the
minimum hamming distance 21 bits

Let us find the Hamming distance between two pairs of words.

1. d (000, 011)
2. d (10101, 11110)

ANSWER
Part A Answer. .
dmin=2t+1
dmin= 2(10)+1
dmin= 20+1
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dmin= 21

Part B. Answer.
We find this with the help of this formula d(x,y)
1 . d (000,011)
d= 2 . Here is d= 02 mere two error.

2. d (10101,11110) d= 3. Here d is 03. There are 3 error.