MINISTERE DE L'ENSEIGNEMENT SUPERIEUR ET

DE L’ENSEIGNEMENT TECHNIQUE ET PROFESSIONNEL Union-Discipline-Travail

UNIVERSITE TERTIAIRE ET TECHNOLOGIQUE Année Scolaire : 2020 - 2021

PERSONAL WORK
ENGLISH STUDENT

LICENCE 1
THEME :

TOPIC:
THEME 1: study the types of computers
THEME 2: study the computer control processing
unit

STUDENT’NAME

DIALLO ELHADJ
Professor’name
KOUASSI KANIAN
PROFESSOR’NAME
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Mr BALLIET
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 Summary

THEMES 1: Study the types of computers

 Introduction
 The microcomputers
 The minicomputers
 The supers computers (mainframes)
 conclusion
THEMES 2: study the computer control processing
unit

 Introduction

 control unit

 arithmetic and logical unit

 The registers
 internal buses

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 THEMES 1: Study the types of computers

Introduction
A computer is a programmable electronic machine designed to process information
automatically. The computer is composed of hardware and software and it can be
classified, or typed, in many ways.

So, in the continuation of our study it is important for us to specify the rule of the
various classes of computers that we find in it

The microcomputers
A microcomputer is a computer equipped with a microprocessor. These computers
includes

 Desktop computers – A case put under or on a desk. The display may be optional,
depending on use. It is most often composed of a case that includes a power
supply, a motherboard …a printed circuit that includes a microprocessor as a
central processing unit, processing memory, computer buses and others
electronics components…and an input or output system.
 Laptop Computers and notebook computers – Portable and all in one case.it is a
personal computer whose weight and limited dimensions allow easy transport. A
laptop is provided with the same types of components as a conventional desktop
computer, including in particular a screen, speakers, and a physical keyboard;
and also has less storage capacity and less power.
 Tablet computer – Like laptops, but with a touch-screen, entirely replacing the
physical keyboard.

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  Smartphones, smart books, and Palmtop computers – Small handheld personal
computers with limited hardware specifications.
 Programmable calculator– Like small handhelds, but specialized in mathematical
work.
 Video game consoles – Fixed computers built specifically for entertainment
purposes.
Handheld game consoles – The same as game consoles, but small and portable.

The minicomputers

Minicomputers are a class of multi-user computers that lie in the middle range of the
computing spectrum, in between the smallest mainframe computers and the largest
single-user systems (microcomputers or personal computers). The term supermini
computer or simply supermini was used to distinguish more powerful minicomputers
that approached mainframes in capability. Superminis (such as the DEC VAX or Data
General Eclipse MV/8000) were usually 32-bit at a time when most minicomputers
(such as the PDP-11 or Data General Eclipse or IBM Series/1) were 16-bit.

The supercomputers

- These are very powerful computers with a large storage capacity. They are used for
large applications such as: the needs of scientific research, management of large
companies,...
- The supercomputer, or mainframe, is a computer designed to achieve the highest
possible performance with the techniques known at the time of its design, particularly
with regard to computing speed. The first supercomputers (or supercomputers)
appeared in the 1960s. In 1961, IBM developed IBM Stretch or BP 7030, one unit of
which was operated in France in 1963.
- A supercomputer is a very large computer, comprising several tens of thousands of
processors, and capable of carrying out a very large number of simultaneous
calculations or data processing operations.
- Computers have a proprietary operating system supplied by the manufacturer. Among
the supercomputers are the CRAYs, IBM SPs, the machine connection, etc. The main
advantage is that they can be used in a wide range of applications.
- The performance of a supercomputer describes its ability to perform calculations but
also to process very large volumes of data.
- Physically, supercomputers are made up of numerous cabinets (racks), linked together
by miles of cable (ultra-fast interconnection network of computing nodes) and grouped

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together in computing centers. They are also used in the army in the manufacture of
ballistic missiles, or also the rockets used by NAZA or SPACEX to explore. The solar
system.

Conclusion

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 Introduction

The processor (microprocessor) is the best known hardware component of a firmware

system. It is the intelligent information processing unit. Its job is to read programs
(instruction sequences), decode them and execute them. It consists of :

-A control unit

-A treatment unit (ALU)

-A set of memory called registers

-An internal data bus connecting the control unit, the ALU and the registers.

Control unit

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 I-control unit
It allows to "sequence" the sequence of instructions. It performs the search in memory of
the instruction, the decoding, the execution and the preparation of the next instruction.
The control unit elaborates all the synchronization signals internal or external
(command bus) to the microprocessor. It is connected to all other components of the
processor.

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 Webographie and bibliography

https://apcpedagogie.com/cours-et-tutoriels/les_cours/les-composants-dun-ordinateur/
(consulted at 12:56 ; 06-02-2021)
Support de cours : PIGIER (Cote d’Ivoire)
-Architecture des ordinateurs, licence1

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-équipe pédagogique informatique (année académique : 2017-2018)
-professeur kouassi
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classes_of_computers (consulted at 15:48 31/01/2021)

https://apcpedagogie.com/les-familles-dordinateurs/ (consulted at 17:50 -31/01/2021)

https://matumonarossy1.skyrock.com/3269852798-LES-DIFFERENTES-FAMILLES-DE-L-
ORDINATEUR.html (consulted at 13:29-06/02/2021)