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A Short History of COPs

Berlin 1995

Germany's then environment minister,

Angela Merkel, presides over the first
Conference of the Parties (COP 1).
The concluding document laid the
groundwork for the Kyoto Protocol.

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The third Conference of the Parties (COP3)

adopts the Kyoto Protocol, the world's first
greenhouse gas emissions reduction treaty.

Kyoto 1997
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Paris 2015

The 21st Conference of the Parties (COP21)

ends with the adoption of the historic Paris
Agreement. The world’s first legally binding
agreement to combat climate change.
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At the 27th Conference of the Parties (COP27),

countries agreed for the first time to provide
“loss and damage” funding for vulnerable
countries hit hard by climate disasters.

Sharm el-Sheikh 2022

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What’s next?
COP28 is our moment to
accelerate climate action
across all sectors and society.
Together, we can pave the
way for a healthier, more
resilient world.