DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH OCTOBER 2011

NATIONAL EPIDEMIOLOGY CENTER

Newly Diagnosed HIV Cases in the Philippines

In October 2011, there were 200 new HIV Ab Table 1. Quick Facts
Demographic Data October Jan-Oct Cumulative Data:
sero-positive individuals confirmed by the STD/AIDS 2011 2011 1984—2011
Cooperative Central Laboratory (SACCL) and re-
Total Reported Cases 200 1,869 7,884
ported to the HIV and AIDS Registry (Table 1). This
Philippine HIV and AIDS Registry

Asymptomatic Cases 199 1,797 6,947

was 92% higher compared to the same period last
AIDS Cases 1 72 937
year (n=104 in 2010) [Figure 1].
Males 194 1,743 6,440*
Females 6 126 1,433*
Most of the cases (97%) were males. The median age
Youth 15-24yo 65 560 1,774
was 27 years (age range:15-65 years). The 20-29
Children <15yo 0 3 58
year (60%) age-group had the most number of Reported Deaths due to AIDS 339
0 15
cases. Fifty-four percent (108) of the reported
cases were from the National Capital Region (NCR). *Note: No data available on sex for eleven (11) cases.

Figure 1. Number of New HIV Cases per Month (2009-2011)

Reported mode of transmission was sexual contact 275

(183), and needle sharing among injecting drug users 250

Number of New Cases

(17) [Table 2, page 3]. Males having sex with other
225
200

Males (85%) were the predominant type of sexual 175

150

transmission [Figure 2]. Most (199) of the cases were 125

100

still asymptomatic at the time of reporting [Figure 3]. 75

50
25

AIDS Cases 0
Jan Feb M ar A pr M ay Jun Jul A ug Sep Oct Nov Dec

2009 65 47 59 66 85 40 70 61 56 80 80 126

Of the 200 HIV positive cases, only one was reported 2010 143 130 120 154 153 109 131 108 153 104 112 174

as an AIDS case, a 27-year-old male. The infection

2011 152 159 172 171 184 178 204 196 253 200

was acquired through bisexual contact. No AIDS- Figure 2. Comparison of the Proportion of Types of Sexual
related death was reported for this month. Transmission in 2011, 2010 & Cumulative Data (1984-2011)
100% Heterosexual
Overseas Filipino Workers (OFW) 28 24 Bisexual
80% 2,812 Homosexual
Proportion of Cases

Twenty-one of the 200 (10%) reported cases were

75 28
OFWs [Figure 9, page 3]. There were 19 males and 2 60%

females. The median age was 31 years (age range: 1,719

19-44 years). All cases acquired the infection through
40%

sexual contact (9 heterosexual, 7 homosexual, and 5 80 51

20%
2,665
bisexual).
0%

Oct o b er 2 0 11 Oct o b er 2 0 10 C umulat ive

Figure 3. Number of HIV/AIDS Cases Reported in the Philippines by Year, Jan 1984 to October 2011 (N=7,884)

1950
1800
1650
1500
1350
1200
1050
900
750
600
450
300
150
0
'84 '85 '86 '87 '88 '89 '90 '91 '92 '93 '94 '95 '96 '97 '98 '99 '00 '01 '02 '03 '04 '05 '06 '07 '08 '09 '10 '11

T OT A L 2 10 29 38 32 39 66 85 72 102 118 116 154 117 189 158 123 174 184 193 199 210 309 342 528 835 1591 1869

A sympt omat i c 0 6 18 25 21 29 48 68 51 64 61 65 104 94 144 80 83 118 140 139 161 171 273 312 506 806 1571 1797

A I DS 2 4 11 13 11 10 18 17 21 38 57 51 50 23 45 78 40 56 44 54 38 39 36 30 22 29 20 72

Deat h 2 4 10 12 9 8 15 13 13 11 19 24 27 10 16 17 9 20 11 11 8 16 18 10 7 1 2 *15

*Nine initially asymptomatic cases reported in 2011, died due to AIDS that same year.
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 Philippine HIV/AIDS Registry October 2011
AIDS Cases (1984-2011)
Of the 1,869 HIV positive cases in 2011, seventy-two were Fig 4. Proportion of Modes of Transmission of AIDS Cases by Year,
reported as AIDS cases. Eighty-eight percent were males. Jan 1984—October 2011
Ages ranged from 1-59 years (median 31 years). 96% (69) 100%

acquired the infection through sexual contact [heterosexual

(18), homosexual (30), and bisexual contact (21)]. Other 75%

modes of transmission include: (1) mother-to-child transmis-

Proportion of Cases
sion and (2) needle sharing among injecting drug users.
50%

From 1984 to 2011, there were 937 AIDS cases reported,

73% (680) were males. Median age was 35 years (range 1- 25%

72 years). Of the reported AIDS cases, there were 339 (36%)

deaths. Sexual contact was the most common mode of HIV
transmission, accounting for 93% (873) of all AIDS cases. 0%
1984-2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

More than half (468) of sexual transmission was through Needl e P r i ck 2 0 0 0 0

heterosexual contact, followed by homosexual contact (306) B l ood T r ansf usi on 10 0 0 0 0

then bisexual contact (99). Other modes of transmission M T CT 16 0 1 0 1

I DU 3 1 0 0 2

include: mother-to-child transmission (18), blood transfusion B i sexual Cont act 60 4 8 6 21

(10), injecting drug use (6), and needle prick injuries (2) Homosexual Cont act 234 10 15 17 30

[Figure 4]. Three percent (28) of the AIDS cases did not Het er osexual Cont act 434 7 6 3 18

*Note: 28 did not report mode of transmission

report mode of HIV transmission.

Demographic Characteristics (1984-2011)

Figure 5. Proportion of Sex & Age-Groups in October 2011 & Jan-Oct 2011
In 2011, there were a total of 1,869 cases reported. 93% of
the cases reported were males (1,743). Ages ranged from 100%

1-67 years old (median 27 years). The 20-29 year old age
group (60%) had the most number of cases for 2011. For the 75%

male age group, the most number of cases were found

Proportion of Cases

among the 20-24 years old (27%), 25-29 years old (33%) 50%

and 30-34 years old (17%) [Figure 5].

From 1984 to 2011, there were 7,884 HIV Ab sero-positive

25%

cases reported (Table 1), of which 6,947 (88%) were

asymptomatic and 937 (12%) were AIDS cases. As shown in 0%
Oct ober 2011 (M ) Oct ober 2011 (F) 2011 (M al e) 2011 (Femal e)

Figure 6, there is a significant difference in the number of 50 & ol der 2 0 42 8

male and female cases reported. Eighty-two percent (6,440) 35-49yo 37 0 290 33

were males. Ages ranged from 1-73 years (median 29 years).

25-34yo 93 3 880 53

15-24yo 62 3 530 30

The age groups with the most number of cases were: 20-24 1-14yo 0 0 1 2

years (20%), 25-29 (27%) and 30-34 years (19%) [Figure 6].
Figure 6. Comparison of the Distribution of Male and Female HIV Cases by Age-Group and Certain Highlighted Years

50 & o lder 1984-2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

45-49yo

40-44yo

35-39yo

30-34yo

25-29yo

20-24yo

15-19yo
Number of Male Cases Number of Female Cases
<15yo

2000 1750 1500 1250 1000 750 500 250 0 0 250 500 750 1000 1250 1500 1750

<15y o 15-19y o 20-24y o 25-29y o 30-34y o 35-39y o 40-44y o 45-49y o 50 & ol der <15y o 15-19y o 20-24y o 25-29y o 30-34y o 35-39y o 40-44y o 45-49y o 50 & ol der

2011 1 60 470 585 295 152 99 39 42 2011 2 2 28 34 19 18 8 7 8

2010 1 50 406 454 256 128 81 42 48 2010 2 5 28 21 34 15 9 7 4

2009 1 22 179 227 124 90 41 18 29 2009 1 4 13 19 21 20 14 7 5

2008 2 11 92 140 90 59 36 23 20 2008 0 0 8 14 8 10 9 3 3

2007 6 1 36 74 54 43 30 15 19 2007 3 0 4 16 12 14 6 5 3

1984-2006 21 14 121 300 360 321 249 170 157 1984-2006 18 33 187 209 190 140 84 30 41

*Note: 74 did not report age, 11 did not report sex, 10 did not repot age and sex

2
 Philippine HIV/AIDS Registry October 2011

Modes of Transmission (1984-2011)

In 2011, 95% (1,780) were infected through sexual Figure 7. Proportion of Modes of HIV Transmission by Age-Group, 2011(n=1,869)
contact, 4% (80) through needle sharing among injecting 1000

drug users, <1% (3) through mother-to-child transmis- 900

sion and <1% (1) through blood transfusion; 5 had no 800

Number of Cases
reported data on mode of transmission (Table 2). There 700

were 1,660 males and 120 females infected through

600

sexual transmission. The age range of those infected

500

through sexual transmission was 15-67 years old

400

300

(median 27 years). 200

100

Of the 7,884 with HIV from 1984 to 2011, 91% (7,196) 0

were infected through sexual contact, 3% (235) through <7yo 7-14yo 15-17yo 18-24yo 25-34yo 35-49yo 50&older

needle sharing among injecting drug users, 1% (55)

- - - - - 1 -
through mother-to-child transmission and <1% (20)
Blood Transf usion - Female
Mat ernal t o Child 3 - - - - - -
through blood transfusion. Other modes of transmission Inject ing Drug Use - Female - - - 2 - 1 -
are listed in Table 2. No data is available for 5% (375) of Inject ing Drug Use - Male - - 5 22 22 27 1

the cases. Cumulative data shows 39% (2,812) were Het erosexual Cont act - Female - - 1 27 53 31 8

infected through heterosexual contact, 37% (2,665) Het erosexual Cont act - Male - - 1 27 100 53 23

through homosexual contact, and 24% (1,719) through Bisexual Cont act - - 2 193 351 92 5

bisexual contact. From 2007 there has been a shift in the Homosexual Cont act - - 4 275 406 115 13

*No data available on Modes of Transmission for five (5) cases

predominant trend of sexual transmission from
heterosexual contact (23%) to males having sex with Figure 8. Proportion of Types of Sexual Transmission, Jan 1984—Oct 2011
other males (77%) [Figure 8].
100%

90%

Table 2. Reported Mode of HIV Transmission 80%

Proportion of Cases

Mode of Transmission Oct 2011 Jan—Oct 2011 Cumulative 70%

n=200 n=1,869 N=7,884 60%

Sexual Contact 183 1,780 7,196 50%

Heterosexual contact 28(15%) 324(18%) 2,812(39%) 40%

30%
Homosexual contact 80(44%) 813(46%) 2,665(37%)
20%

Bisexual contact 75(41%) 643(36%) 1,719(24%) 10%

Blood/Blood Products 0 1 20 0%

Injecting Drug Use 17 80 235 '84 '85 '86 '87 '88 '89 '90 '91 '92 '93 '94 '95 '96 '97 '98 '99 '00 '01 '02 '03 '04 '05 '06 '07 '08 '09 '10 '11

Needle Prick Injury 0 0 3 Het er osexual 1 7 24 24 16 19 35 30 41 47 58 56 81 82 138 114 93 128 129 129 123 131 193 139 160 216 271 324

Mother-to-Child 0 3 55 B i sexual 0 2 0 4 2 2 4 4 5 2 3 8 7 7 9 10 8 5 8 14 12 14 26 74 127 252 463 643

Homosexual 0 1 4 3 4 6 8 15 5 16 20 21 30 25 36 30 17 32 46 40 27 47 81 107 215 336 677 813

No Data Available 0 5 375

Overseas Filipino Workers (OFW)

In 2011, there were 227 HIV positive OFWs, comprising 12% of cases reported for the year [Figure 9]. Of these, 190
(84%) were males and 37 (16%) were females; all infected through sexual contact.
There were 1,750 HIV positive OFWs since 1984, comprising 22% of all reported cases [Figure 9]. Seventy-six percent
(1,336) were males. Ages ranged from 18 to 69 years (median 35 years). Sexual contact (96%) was the predominant
mode of transmission (Table 3). Eighty-four percent (1,475) were asymptomatic while 16% (275) were AIDS cases.

Table 3. Reported Mode of HIV Transmission Among OFWs Figure 9. Number of OFWs Compared to Non-OFWs by Year (1984-2011*)
1800
Mode of Transmission Oct 2011 Jan– Oct 2011 Cumulative
n= 21 n= 227 N=1,750 1600
Number of Cases

1400
Sexual Transmission 21 227 1,688
1200
Heterosexual contact 9(43%) 94(41%) 1,096(65%) 1000

Homosexual contact 7(33%) 62(27%) 340(20%) 800

600
Bisexual contact 5 (24%) 71(31%) 252(15%)
400
Blood/Blood Products 0 0 10 200
0
Injecting Drug Use 0 0 1 '84 '85 '86 '87 '88 '89 '90 '91 '92 '93 '94 '95 '96 '97 '98 '99 '00 '01 '02 '03 '04 '05 '06 '07 '08 '09 '10 '11*

Needle Prick Injury 0 0 3 1 2 0 3 9 5 10 7 14 29 31 24 35 27 51 67 60 79 96 94 88 94 130 106 122 164 175 227

OFW

No Data Available 0 0 48 Non-OFW 1 8 29 35 23 34 56 78 58 73 87 92 119 90 138 91 63 95 88 99 111 116 179 236 406 671 14161642

% of OFW 50% 20% 0% 8% 28% 13% 15% 8% 19% 28% 26% 21% 23% 23% 27% 42% 49% 45% 52% 49% 44% 45% 42% 31% 23% 20% 11% 12%

*Data includes January to October2011 only.

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 Philippine HIV/AIDS Registry October 2011

Program Related Information

Of the 200 HIV positive cases reported in October 2011, one was classified as AIDS. Seventy-five percent of the cases
received information on HIV prevention, services available for HIV cases, implications of an HIV positive result from
screening and confirmation. Their sources of information were one-on-one counseling, group counseling, pre-departure
orientation seminar (PDOS), pamphlets, videos, internet and seminars.

Blood Units Screened for HIV

Note: The following information is from the National Voluntary Blood Safety Program (NVBSP) which monitors blood safety of
donated blood. HIV reactive blood units are referred to the Research Institute for Tropical Medicine (RITM) for confirmation.
RITM is the National Reference Laboratory for the NVBSP.

From January to October 2011, 793 blood units were screened reactive Table 4. Results of screened HIV reactive Blood Units
for HIV and referred to RITM for confirmation. All these HIV reactive Monthly Report 2011
blood units were immediately sent to RITM and not transfused to anyone.
Blood units* Confirmed Indetermi-
referred for Positive nate
For October 2011, out of 119 screened HIV reactive blood units referred confirmation
for confirmation, 22 units were confirmed positive for HIV by RITM, 87
January 85 11 0
were negative for HIV, and 10 were indeterminate results [Table 4].
February 67 15 2

Figure 10. Blood Units Screened Reactive for HIV by Year (2008-2011) March 76 14 1

April 74 20 1
150
May 48 10 0
June 118 32 4
July 78 22 1
100
August 80 18 2
September 48 10 0

50
October 119 22 10
November
December
Total for the year
0 793 174 21
Jan Feb M ar ch A pr i l M ay June Jul y A ug Sep Oct Nov Dec T ot al
(Jan –Oct only)
73 65 48 47 54 23 52 49 47 58 38 41 595
2008 * One blood donor can donate more than one blood unit.
2009 51 32 72 70 44 72 56 59 60 68 50 33 667
** These are HIV positive blood units, not donors. Donors of HIV positive blood
52 89 72 79 43 80 62 46 88 88 52 69 772
units may or may not be in the HIV & AIDS Registry.
2010

2011 85 67 76 74 48 118 78 80 48 119 793

National HIV/AIDS & STI Philippine HIV & AIDS Registry

Strategic Information and
Surveillance Unit The Philippine HIV & AIDS Registry is the official record of the total number of
laboratory-confirmed HIV positive individuals, AIDS cases and deaths, and HIV
positive blood units in the Philippines. All individuals in the registry are confirmed
by the STD/AIDS Cooperative Central Laboratory (SACCL) at San Lazaro Hospital.
National Epidemiology Center,
While all blood units are confirmed by the Research Institute for Tropical
Department of Health, Bldg. 19,
Medicine (RITM). Both are National Reference Laboratories (NRL) of the
San Lazaro Compound,
Department of Health (DOH).
Sta. Cruz, Manila 1003 Philippines
Mandatory HIV testing is unlawful in the Philippines (RA 8504). The process of
Tel: +632 651-7800 local 2926, 2952
reporting to the Registry is as follows: All blood samples from accredited HIV
Fax: +632 495-0513/743 6076
testing facilities that are screened HIV reactive are sent to SACCL (individuals)
Email: HIVepicenter@gmail.com
or RITM (blood units) for confirmation. Confirmed HIV positive individuals and
Website: http://www.doh.gov.ph
blood units are reported to the DOH-National Epidemiology Center (NEC), and are
recorded in the Registry.

The Registry is a passive surveillance system. Except for HIV confirmation by the
NRL, all other data submitted to the Registry are secondary and cannot be veri-
fied. An example would be an individual’s reported place of residence. The
Registry is unable to determine if this reported address is where the person got
infected, or where the person lived after being infected, or where the person is
presently living, or whether the address is valid. This limitation has major implica-
tions to data interpretation. Thus, readers are cautioned to carefully weigh the
data and consider other sources of information prior to arriving at conclusions.