THE TEACHING METHODS OF GENERAL EDUCATION AND SPECIAL EDUCATION

IN ONLINE AND FACE TO FACE SET-UP OF THE TEACHERS IN SELECTED SCHOOL IN

CAVITE DURING THE SCHOOL YEAR 2023-2024

Introduction

The education landscape is undergoing a transformation due to the rise of online

learning platforms and traditional face-to-face instruction. Adapting teaching methods to
accommodate diverse student needs is a critical challenge. Strategies in both online and face-
to-face settings can significantly impact learning experiences. Online learning design and its
related nine moderating variables has been clearly articulated by Means et al. (2014) and
highlights an ecosystem of learner support in relation to modality, pacing, student-lecturer ratio,
pedagogy, lecturer and student role, communication, assessment and feedback. To become
effective learners in any contemporary learning environment, students need to be problem-
solvers, critical thinkers and be able to work in groups using digital resources (Yoon and Gruba,
2017; Stephenson, 2018; Benade, 2019). Carvalho and Yeoman. (2018) was initially designed
for face-to-face teaching and learning to guide the principles of 21st century pedagogy and was
then adapted embedding virtual teams to manage the difference between delivery modes.
Teaching methods in general and special education vary based on curriculum, student abilities,
and resources. Educators must continuously assess and adapt strategies to ensure effective
learning outcomes. Studying these methods in both online and face-to-face settings promotes
inclusive education, identifying engagement strategies and addressing unique learning. To
facilitate this collaboration, a consensus needs to be reached between general and special
education instructors regarding the roles and objectives of inclusion in the classroom (Zagona et
al., 2017).

The Philippines has been ruled by several foreign powers in its history, through
politics, sports, culture, traditions, food, languages beliefs and Education. The most prominent
ones are Spain, the United States, and Japan. During the Spanish colonial period, education in
the Philippines was primarily focused on religious instruction and the teachings of the Catholic
Church. The Philippine education system underwent significant changes during American
colonization, with English as a medium of instruction. Under the Japanese regime, the teaching
of Tagalog, Philippine history and Character education was reserved for Filipinos.
 There are over 48 million children and youth living in the Philippines today, and 12%
have special needs. 94.4 % of them do not receive appropriate educational services. In 1907,
American educational educator Delia Rice founded the first Special Education Facility in the
Philippines. During World War I, the Philippines was the first country in the world to establish a
special education program. (Katharine et al., 2016) special educators, leading to a complex set
of challenges and opportunities that must be addressed as the field of special education looks to
the future. Today’s special educators need to collaborate with general educators in tiered
systems of support while providing specialized instruction for students with the most intensive
needs, yet teacher education and professional development opportunities may prepare
individual needs.

Objectives of the Study

Aim: To determine the Teaching Methods of General Education and Special Education in online
and face to face set-up

1. To discover the demographic profile of Teachers in terms of age and years of teaching.
2. To determine the teaching methods of Gen. Ed teachers in face to face set-up in terms of
lecture and group activity
3. To analyze the teaching methods of Gen. Ed teachers in online class in terms of role play and
games
4. To determine the teaching methods of Special Education teachers in face to face set-up in
terms of lecture and group activity
5. To analyze the teaching methods of Special Education teachers in online class in terms of
role play and games.
6. To compare the significant difference between the teaching methods of General Education
and Special Education in Face to Face Set-up.
7. To compare the significant difference between the teaching methods of General Education
and Special Education in online class.
Statement of the Problem

This study aims to determine the Teaching Methods of General Education and Special
Education in online and face to face set-up

Specifically, it seeks answers to the following questions:

1. What is the demographic profile of Teachers in terms of:

1.1 age
1.2 years of teaching

2. What are the teaching methods of General Education teachers in face to face set-up in
terms of:

2.1 Lecture
2.2 Group Activity

3. What are the teaching methods of General Education teachers in online class in terms
of:

2.1 Role play

2.2 Games

4. What are the teaching methods of Special Education teachers in face to face set-up in
terms of:

2.1 Lecture
2.2 Group Activity

5. What are the teaching methods of Special Education teachers in online class in terms of:

2.1 Role play

2.2 Games
 6. Is there a significant difference between the teaching methods of General Education and
Special Education Teachers in face to face set-up?

7. Is there a significant difference between the teaching methods of General Education and
Special Education Teachers in online class?

Scope and Delimitations of the Study

The scope of the study focuses in Teaching methods of General Education and Special
Education in both online and face-to-face set-up of the Teachers in Selected School in Cavite. It
settings encompasses a range of instructional strategies and approaches that aim to facilitate
learning and meet the diverse needs of students. This includes of different methods such as
lectures, group activity, role play and games.
References:

 Frontiers | Special Education and General Education Teacher Perceptions of

Collaborative Teaching Responsibilities and Attitudes Towards an Inclusive
Environment in Jordan (frontiersin.org)

 What Is the Importance of Teaching Methods? (moneywiseteacher.com)

 Frontiers | From Face-To-Face to the Online Space: The Continued Relevance

of Connecting Students With Each Other and Their Learning Post COVID-19
(frontiersin.org)

 Frontiers | Face-to-face or face-to-screen? Undergraduates' opinions and test

performance in classroom vs. online learning (frontiersin.org)

 The History of Education in the Philippines - (philippineeducationhub.com)

 Brief History | specialeducation (lorainelorente.wixsite.com)

 Autism Society Philippines: History