Ideas of Math

Ha Giang Hong
Sep 4th 2023

Exercise 1: (a)
We’ll have a reading assignment: A
We’ll have homework problems: B
We’ll have a test: C
(A ∨ B) ∧ ¬ (B ∧ C)
(b)
You will go skiing: A
There will be a show: B
¬ A ∨ (A ∧ ¬ B)
(c)
√
√7 > 2 : A
7=2: B
¬ (A ∧ B)
Exercise 3:
(a)
Alice is in the room: A
Bob is in the room: B
¬ (A ∧ B)
(b)
A∧B
(c)
¬A∨¬B
(d)
¬ (A ∧ B)
Exercise 4:
(a) ¬ (¬ P ∨ ¬ ¬ R)
= ¬ (¬ P ∨ R)
=P∧¬R
The above propositional formula a well-formed formula
(b)
¬(P,Q, ∧ R) is not a well-formed formula since ¬ is used for a single propo-
sition or statement, not for a combination of propositions or be used as a con-
nective verb.
(c) P ∧ ¬ P is a well-formed formula
(d)

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 (P∧Q)(P∨Q) is not a well-formed formula since the two propositional for-
mulae are not connected by appropriate connectives.
Exercise 7:
This document was generated with the assistance of ChatGPT1 .
(a) Argument:
1. Jane and Pete won’t win the math prize.
2. Pete will win either the math prize or the chemistry prize.
3. Jan will win the math prize.
Conclusion: Pete will win the chemistry prize.
Logical Form:
1. ¬(Jane ∨ Pete)
2. Pete =⇒ (Math ∨ Chemistry)
3. Jane =⇒ Math
Conclusion: Pete =⇒ Chemistry
This argument is valid. It uses modus tollens, a valid deductive inference
rule. If the premises are true, then the conclusion must also be true.
(b) Argument:
1. The main course will be either beef or fish.
2. The vegetables are either peas or corn.
3. ¬(Fish ∧ Corn)
Conclusion: ¬(Beef ∧ Peas)
Logical Form:
1. MainCourse =⇒ (Beef ∨ Fish)
2. Vegetables =⇒ (Peas ∨ Corn)
3. ¬(Fish ∧ Corn)
Conclusion: ¬(Beef ∧ Peas)
This argument is valid. It uses modus tollens, similar to the first argument.
If the premises are true, then the conclusion must also be true.
(c) Argument:
1. Either John or Bill is telling the truth.
2. Either Sam or Bill is lying.
Conclusion: Either John is telling the truth or Sam is lying.
Logical Form:
1. (John ∨ Bill) ∧ (Sam ∨ Bill)
Conclusion: (John ∨ ¬Sam)
This argument is valid. It relies on logical conjunction and disjunction, and
the conclusion follows logically from the premises.
(d) Argument:
1. Either sales will go up and the boss will be happy, or expenses will go up
and the boss won’t be happy.
Conclusion: Sales and expenses will not go up.
Logical Form:
1. (Sales ∧ BossHappy) ∨ (Expenses ∧ ¬BossHappy)
Conclusion: ¬(Sales ∧ Expenses)
1 Powered by ChatGPT from OpenAI: https://www.openai.com/gpt-3/

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 This argument is valid. It uses disjunction and negation, and the conclusion
follows logically from the premises.
All four arguments presented are valid based on their logical forms and the
application of valid deductive reasoning rules.