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Internship Report in PTCL


(A report submitted for the fulfillment of the requirements for the Bachelors in BS-Business
Administration 4 Year Management)

Submitted by:
SULEMAN KHAN (BS180202234), 8th Semester
Virtual University of Pakistan
Internship Report BS-Business Administration, 8th Semester, VU

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Internship Report BS-Business Administration, 8th Semester, VU

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Internship Report BS-Business Administration, 8th Semester, VU

Acknowledgement:

First of all, I would like to extend my sincere gratitude and thanks to my parents for their sincere
support they have given me.

I have to extend my supreme gratitude to the PTCL for providing me with such kind of
opportunity at their esteemed organization and helping me broaden my outlook on how the
organizations and departments operate in the real world. I am so grateful for having a chance to
meet so many talented professionals who led me through this internship.

It is indeed with a great sense of pleasure and immense sense of gratitude that I acknowledge the
help of these individuals who in spite of being extraordinarily busy with their duties, took time to
hear, to guide and explain how the work is done in PTCL and helping me learn during the
internship period. I choose this moment to acknowledge their contributions gratefully.

I would like to express my special thanks to Muhammad Tahir SM HRBP, QTR, Quetta, for
guiding me, arranging all the facilities, providing a very friendly environment, and assigning me
various tasks that were valuable for my internship programme. Without his efforts, this report
would not have been possible.

My special thanks to Tariq Mehmud HR coordinator for providing me valuable guidance, tips for
conducting a research, for the care and support, and helping me through his whole hearted
supervision during the internship period.

I express my sincere gratitude to Zain-ul-abidin AM HRBP, QTR for providing me expert


suggestions and facilitating my report.

My special thanks to Mr Ameen, HR coordinator, Employee facilitation Center PTCL, who gave
me a full tour and explaining the responsibilities, functions and the processes of the department.

My sincere thanks to Imran Azam, Manager Accounts and Payments who despite busy in
achieving their targets provided my his valuable insights about the functioning of the department.

My express my thanks to SM R&C QTR, Shah Jehan Panizai for explaining me the revenue and
collection department in great depth and breadth and giving me an overview of the backbone of
the R&C system, BNCC software & Bills registry of PTCL.

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Internship Report BS-Business Administration, 8th Semester, VU

Although there may be many who remain unacknowledged in this humble note of gratitude,
there are none who remain unappreciated. This internship opportunity is a big milestone in my
career advancement. I shall use the gained skills and knowledge to attain desired career
objectives. Hope to continue cooperation with you all in the future.

Sincerely,

Name: Suleman Khan (BS180202234)

University: Virtual University of Pakistan

Date: 30-07-2022

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Internship Report BS-Business Administration, 8th Semester, VU

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS:

BSS Business Support System


CEO Chief Executive officer
COE Central Office Equipment
CRM Customer Relationship Management
CVM Customer Value Management
EOBI Employees’ Old-Age benefits Institution
ERP Enterprise Resource Planning
FAB Frequency Allocation Board
GPON Gigabit Passive Optical Network
HRBP: Human Resource Business Partner
IP: Internet Protocol
IPTV: Internet Protocol television
ISP: Internet service provider
MOIT&T Ministry of IT and Telecommunications
MPLS: Multiprotocol Label Switching
NOC Network operations center
NTC National Telecom Corporation
OTT: Over-the-top
PEMRA Pakistan Electronic Media Regulatory Authority
PMO Project Management Office
PMS Performance management system
PTA Pakistan Telecommunication Authority
PTCL : Pakistan Telecommunication Limited
R&C Revenue and Collection
SAP System Application Processing
TRM Talent Relationship management
VAS Value Added Services
VSS Voluntary Separation Scheme
WLL Wireless Local Loop
WTL Worldcall telecom Limited

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Internship Report BS-Business Administration, 8th Semester, VU

Executive Summary

The core objective of the internship report is to fulfill the requirement of the BS-Business
Administration program as prescribed by the Virtual University. Both primary and secondary
data are used to prepare this report.

My Internship period at PTCL was divided into 3 periods: The first period involved training
under Manager HRBP QTR from (13-06-2022 to 26-06-2022). The second period involved
training under Manager Accounts & Payments Quetta from (27-06-2022 to 10-07-2022) .The
third and final Period of training included training under the supervision of Manager R&C
Central I Quetta (11-07-2022 to 24-07-2022).

During the first period of Internship, the Manager HRBP gave us PDFs, Power point presentation
and Annual report of PTCL 2021 along with the Quarter report of PTCL 2022. The main agenda
for the first period was to familiarize ourselves with the complex structure and operations of
PTCL. Manager HRBP also arranged our visits to different departments of PTCL Regional GM
Office QTR to understand their roles and responsibilities.

During the second period of internship, the manager Accounts & Payments QTR, Quetta
explained the functions and responsibilities of the finance department. He gave us the full tour of
the department and thoroughly explained us the processing stages of bills. Manager Accounts
and Payments also explained us the hierarchy of the Finance department.

During my final period of internship, we were trained under the supervision of Manager R&C
Central I Quetta (11-07-2022 to 24-07-2022). The manager gave me his insights about the
revenue structure and collection structure of PTCL and explained how the PTCL manages its
records of its customers, process of bills generation, distribution, collection, and soft wares used
in the process

I have also conducted a SWOT analysis of the firm that has highlighted the areas of strength on
which PTCL can operate, the areas of weaknesses that needs to be addresses, areas of
opportunities, and threats that needs a strategic plan.

During my internship period at PTCL, I attempted to gather more information about other
departments to have better understanding of the relation between them.

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Some of the recommendations of the Study are: PTCL should modify their motivational
programs so that the employees get intrinsically motivated, Pay structure should be revised, Job
security issues needs to be addressed, Employees should be given health and nutrition classes in
order to reduce the employee turnover and medical bills and finally, the training programs should
be more frequent.

Some of the Limitations faced during the Internship period:

1. Frequent Power outages and no generator backup


2. Employees very busy with their duties
3. Complex structure of PTCL making it very difficult to grasp the overall hierarchy
4. Little to no tasks given due to the busy schedule of the employees
5. Employees not updated with the latest knowledge, goals and hierarchy after recent
restructuring.

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Contents
TITLE PAGE.................................................................................................................................................1
LETTER OF UNDERTAKING....................................................................................................................2
INTERNSHIP CERTIFICATE …………………………………………………………………….............3
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT……………………………………………………………..........…...4-5
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS………………………………........................................................…...6
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY………………………………………...................................................7-8
TABLE OF CONTENTS…………………………………………………………......................9-11
 CHP 1 INTRODUCTION TO PTCL……………………………..…………………..……………12
 About PTCL…………………………………………………………………………………………. 12
 Privatization of PTCL………………………………………………………………………..12
 Ufone…………………………………………………………………………………….…...12
 Vision of PTCL……………………………………………………………………………….………12
 Mission of PTCL……………………………………………………………………………..……….12
 Corporate values of PTCL………………………………………………………………………….....12
 Details of Main office of PTCL………………………………………………………...……12
 Details of Head Office……………………………………………………………………….13
 Product lines and services …………………………………………………………………...13
 Voice Product and services ……………………………………………………………14
 Data Product & Services……………………………………………………………….14
 Competitors of PTCL………………………………………………………………………...14
 ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE……………………………………………………….16
 ORGANOGRAM……………...………………………………………………………16
 COMMENTS ON THE ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE……………………………..17
 Regions of PTCL……………………………………………………...……………….17
 Responsibilities of Chairman..…………………………………………...…………….17
 Members of the Board……………………………………………………...………….17
 President & CEO……………………………………………………………………….18
 SEVPs..……………………………………………………………...……………........18
 EVPs...………………………………………………………...……………………….18
 Regional Heads of PTCL…………………………………………………...………….18
 Audit Committee……………………………………………………….......…………..18
 How Auditors Work?......................................................................................................18

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 Company’s Secretary and its responsibilities……………......………………………...19


 CHP 2 INTERNSHIP ACTIVITY PLAN………………...…………………………………20
 Internship period I: HRBP department………………………………………………………20
 Strategic Functions of HRBP………………………………………...………………...20
i. HR Operations………………………………………………………………...20
ii. HRBP Operations……………………………………………………………..20
 Hierarchy of PTCL HR department……………………………………………………21
 EMPLOYEE FACILITATION CENTER…………………………………………………...21
 TRANSFER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM…………………………………………………..22
 TRAVEL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (TMS)……………………………………………...23
 internship period II: FINANCE DEPARTMENT……...……………………………………24
 Structuring of Finance Department……………………………...……………………..24
 Functions of Finance Department………………………...........………………………24
 Internship period III: R&C (REVENUE & COLLECTION) CENTRAL I QTR…...……....25
 Functions of the Department……………………………………………………..….....25
 R&C management……………………………………………………………..….........25
 Flow of Communication…………………………………………………………….....26
 Billing vs Collection June 2022 table………………………………………………….26
 Process of Bills generation…………………………………………………………......27
 Process of Bills collection……………………………………………………...………27
 Total Employees of the R&C QTR…………………………………………………….27
 Overview of BNCC…. ………………………..…………………………………..……..27-28
 Billing Register………………………………………………………………………………28
 TRAINING PROGRAM…………………………………………………………………….29
 Duties performed in HRBP department………………………………………………..29
 Duties performed in Finance department………………………………………………30
 Duties performed in R&C department ………………………………………………...30
 CHAPTER 3: ANALYSIS OF MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS OF THE ORGANIZATION...31
 Planning………………………………………………………….…………………….31
i. Decision making process………..………………………………………………31
 Organizing……………………………………………………………………………...31
i. Organizational Design of PTCL.…………………….….………………………31

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i. Complexity………………………………………………………………….
..32
o Problems with Large hierarchy……………………………………...…32
ii. Centralization……………………………………………………………….
..32
o Decentralization & my opinion………………………………………...32
o Advantages of Decentralization………………………………………..33
o Disadvantages of Decentralization…………………………………….33
iii. Formalization...
………………………………………………………………33
 Departmentalization…………………………………………..……………………33-34
 Span of Control…………………………………………….…………………………..34
 Chain of Command…………………………………….……………………………....34
 Leading………………………………………….………………………………….34-35
 Controlling…………………………………………..…………………………………….35
 CRITICAL ANALYSIS………………………………………………………………………….36
 HR Analysis……………………………………………………………………………….36
 R&C Analysis……………………………………………………………………………..37
 SWOT ANALYSIS…………………………………………………………………………...37-38
 CONCLUSION……………...…………………………………………………………………...39
 RECOMMENDATION…………………………………………………………………………40
 REFERENCES & SOURCES……………………………………………………………………40

 List of Tables and Illustrations:

 Overview of the Competitors…………………………………………………………………..14


 Organogram of PTCL………………………………………………………………………….16
 Board of Directors of PTCL …………………………………………………..………………17
 Hierarchy of PTCL HR department ………………………………………….……………..…21
 Finance Hierarchy Diagram ……………………………………………….……………….…24
 Flow of Communication of R&C……………………………………………………….…..…26
 Billing vs Collection June 2022 ……………………………………………………………….26

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Introduction to PTCL

About PTCL: Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited (PTCL) is the largest integrated
Information Communication Technology (ICT) Company of Pakistan. It started as a telegraph
department in 1947. Today the PTCL has made significant advancement in telecommunication
and digital technologies and becoming the largest fixed line network of the country. PTCL has
the largest fiber cable network that spans from Khyber to Karachi and Submarine cables that
connect Pakistan with the rest of the world.
PTCL has more than 70 years of heritage in playing its part in development of the country and
connecting people.

Privatization of PTCL: The growth of Cellular sector in Pakistan is because of good


governance policies of the Government of Pakistan and the privatization commission. In April
2006, Etisalat International Pakistan, commonly known as Etisalat, assumed the management
control of PTCL- a part of the $2.6bn deal to buy a whopping 26% stake in PTCL. The
successful privatization of PTCL marked a new era for Telecommunications in Pakistan.

Ufone (Pak Telecom Mobile Limited): Ufone (Pak Telecom Mobile Limited) is a wholly
subsidiary of PTCL that commenced its operations on 29th of January 2001. Since its
commencement, it has expanded its coverage and customers at a rapid base and established itself
as one of the leading cellular service providers of Pakistan.

Vision: The current vision of PTCL is: “To be the leading and most admired Telecom and ICT
provider in and for Pakistan.

Mission: The mission of PTCL is: “To be the partner of choice for our customers, to develop our
people and deliver value to our shareholders.

Core Values:

 P: Professional Integrity
 T: Team work
 C: Customer Satisfaction

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 L: Loyalty to the Company

Details of the Main office of PTCL: The head office of PTCL is situated in Sector G-8/4,
Islamabad.

Details of the head office:

Name of the Organization PTCL


Address of the Organization Regional head of Business Operations, QTR Admin
Block, Mir Jaffar Khan Jamali Road, Quetta
Website of Organization www.ptcl.com.pk
Total duration of Internship 6 weeks
Position/Designation Intern
Supervisor PTCL Internship Email W.Akhtar@ptcl.net.pk
PTCL H/Q Letter no# of internship TRG.15-27/2022
Department HRBP
Office Regional GM Office
Manager HRBP Muhammad Tahir Manager HRBP QTR, Quetta
Assistant Manager HRBP Zain-Ul-Abidin HRBP
Telephone# + 92 81 2821522
Mobile # Manager HRBP + 92 333 7668855
Mobile # AM HRBP + 92 313 8374755
Email Muhammad.tahir2@ptcl.net.pk
Work duration at HRBP (13-06-2022 to 26-06-2022)
Department Manager Accounts & Payments Quetta
Office Regional GM office
Manager Accounts & Payments Imran Azam
Work duration at Accounts & Payments (27-06-2022 to 10-07-2022)
Quetta
Department Senior Manager R&C Central I Quetta
Office Regional GM Office
Senior Manager Revenue & Collection Shah Jehan Panizai
Telephone# + 92 81 2829493
Mobile # + 92 333 7842647
Email shahjehan@ptcl.net.pk
Work duration at R&C Central I Quetta (11-07-2022 to 24-07-2022)

Product lines and services: PTCL offers products and services like:

1. High speed Broadband internet,


2. Landline services
3. CharJi wireless internet,
4. Smart TV (IPTV) service
5. over-the-top (OTT) applications like: Smart Link App, Smart TV App and Touch App,

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6. World class digital content like Netflix, iflix and icflix.

Voice Product and services: Voice products and services include:

1. Pakistan Termination
2. Wholesale Services
3. IDD

4. Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN)


5. Home Country Direct:
6. International Toll Free Service and Universal International Free Number
7. Tele-presence:

8. International Roaming Services:


9. Calling Cards

Data Product & Services: PTCL offers following data products & Services:
o International Private Leased Circuits (IPLC): PTCL provides Point to Point private
lines to communicate between offices that are dispersed throughout the world.
o MPLS / International VPN: International VPN and MPLS allows companies to connect
with each other and transfer data securely and reliably over the robust network
infrastructure.

Competitors: PTCL holds a very secure position in the market because of its vast infrastructure,
Huge financial investment, Experience, Knowledge and support from the government. In the
landline market, PTCL has no competition. However, the growth of telecommunication industry
is increasing PTCL competition in the mobile phone sector.
Direct Competitors:
PTCL is the sole provider of Landline services in Pakistan however some of the companies like
Wateen, Qubee, and World Call are trying to give the same landline services to a limited market
in Pakistan. Still it is impossible for these companies to compete with the giant with the largest
infrastructure.
PTCL is facing direct competition in the Broadband market from the following companies:

Table 2: Overview of Competitors:

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Rank Company CEO Employees Revenue

Hatem Mohamad 16,230 $482.1M

Bamatraf
1 Aamir Hafeez 2,300 $1.2B

Ibrahim
2 Babar Ali Syed 700 $50M

3 Adil Rashid 1800 $47.5M

4 Ajay Awasthi 550 $60M

5 Sigve Brekke 16,000 $12.3B

Indirect Competition: Indirect competition faced by PTCL’s landline is mainly from these 5
cellular companies:
1. Ufone
2. Zong
3. Mobilink
4. Telenor
5. Warid

Regional Manager PTCL Office, Quetta

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ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE OF PTCL

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Illustration 5: Organogram of PTCL

Comments on the organizational structure

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Regions of PTCL:
PTCL is divided into five major zones:
1. North Zone Rawalpindi and Islamabad
2. Central Zone Punjab
3. South Zone Sindh and Balochistan
4. Western Zone KPK
5. Headquarters Islamabad.
The zones are further divided into almost thirty-two regions (Nine developments and twenty
three maintenance Regions).

Chairman: The board of PTCL includes both executive and non-executive members headed by
the chairman (Dr. Muhammad Sohail Khan Rajput).

Responsibilities of the Chairman: The responsibility of the chairman is to lead, manage and
coordinate the board members, set the overall culture of the organization, and ensure that the
duties of the firm towards the shareholders are being fulfilled and strategically and help the
organization to accomplish its goals effectively by acting as a link between the board and the
upper management.

Members of the Board:

Table 3: BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF PTCL

NAME DESIGNATION
DR. MUHAMMAD SOHAIL KHAN RAJPUT CHAIRMAN
HASSAN NASIR JAMY NON-EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
HATIM DOWIDAR NON-EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
HAMEED YAQOOB SHEIKH NON-EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
ABDUL RAHIM AL NOORYANI NON-EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
DR. KARIM BENNIS NON-EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
SYED HUSSNAIN ABBAS KAZMI NON-EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
BURAK SEVILENGUL NON-EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
KHALIFA AL SHAMSI NON-EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR

President & CEO: The current President & CEO of PTCL is Hateem Bamatraf (23 May 2021-)

Brief responsibilities of CEO:

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o A CEO is hired by the board of directors of the company. The chairman of the board has
the power to hire and fire the CEO. Hateem Bamatraf holds both positions of President
and CEO.
o The main responsibility of the CEO of PTCL is to manage the operations and resources
of the organization and taking strategic corporate decisions and improving the overall
public image of the organization.
o The CEO has to report to the board of Directors every 3 months about his performance
and accomplishments.

SEVPs (Senior Executive Vice presidents): PTCL has following SEVPs:

1. SEVP (Marketing & Business Development)


2. SEVP (Human Resource Management)
3. SEVP (Technical)
4. SEVP (Operations)
5. SEVP (Finance)
These SEVPs take reporting from their EVPs and report it to the President & CEO

EVPs (Executive Vice presidents): Following are the list of EVPS of PTCL
1. EVP (Revenue)
2. EVP (Information Technology, Training & Research)
3. EVP (Operations)
4. EVP (Accounts)
5. EVP (HR Central)
6. EVP (Marketing
7. EVP (Finance Central)

All the SEVPs and EVPs are stationed in the headquarters of PTCL

Regional Heads of PTCL: The general Managers are the regional heads that lead the PTCL
Regions.

Audit Committee, internal Auditor and External Auditors: The Current GCIA (Group Chief
Internal Auditor) of PTCL is Shahid Abbas. He leads a team of auditors.

The external Auditors that are registered with PTCL are:

o KMPG Taseer Hadi & Co.Chartered Accountants

How Auditors work? Example case: if PTCL wants to make a payment or purchase of
telecommunication paraphernalia from XYZ Company, an auditor would sit between the

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transaction. The auditor examines the transaction, gives his objections if any, then proceeds
towards the payment. In case of PTCL, They have a list of prequalified vendors from which they
make purchases. Examples include, Huawei, ZTE, Verizon, etc.

Company’s secretary: Saima Akbar Khattak.

Responsibility of the Secretary: The Responsibilities of the company’s secretary can be


summed up into:

o Secretary is responsible for arranging high level meetings with corporate clients and
providing notices for director’s and shareholder’s meetings.
o The secretary has to maintain the company’s statutory registers and ensures that all
routine documentation follows the rules established, and providing advice and assistance
during board and shareholder meetings and retaining the company’s documents such as
the seal of the company, share certificates, memorandums, and Articles of association,
and the certificate of incorporation etc.

Internship Activity Plan


Internship period 1: HRBP Department

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The first period of the internship at PTCL (13-06-2022 to 26-06-2022) was under the supervision
of Muhammad Tahir SM HRBP QTR. HRBP is the department that looks after all the
management affairs of the Quetta Region. The staff recruited by HR includes:

there are Engineering Supervisors Operations /Switching /Power plant /Optical Fiber
system/M.W Media, Account Assistants, Telecom Technicians, Upper Division Clerks, Lower
Division Clerks, Line Men, Wire Men, Drivers, Exchange Cleaners, Naib Qasids and Peons etc.
The HR experts are responsible for hiring and further streamlining their recruitment process.

Strategic Functions of HR department PTCL: The strategic functions of HR department can


be classified into two categories:

1. HR Operations
2. HRBP Operations

HR Operations: HR operations include day to day activities such as: BF, EOBI, Pension related
affairs, Marriage grant, Pay roll processing, Travelling Allowances processing, Education
Allowance, Death compensation etc.

HRBP Operations: HRBP operations includes decisions that help the firm to accomplish its
overall objectives. HRBP operations include high level strategic roles such as:

1. Job evaluation (examining the requirement of a particular position or needs to eliminate


the position to improve the overall efficiency),
2. Conducting Business revenue opportunity,
3. Curtailing the positions,
4. TRM that enhances the skills of a potential talent. It is a system that stays in contact with
candidates before, during and even after the hiring process).
5. PMS (performance management system) is a process through which the performance of
the employees are measured. This system is Oracle based (Online evaluation system). On
the basis of PMS, promotions are given to the employees and the organization uses it to
align the employees performance to mission, goals and objectives of the PTCL.
6. Personal Improvement Plan
7. Goal setting of Employees
8. HRBP also conducts an employee engagement survey.

Hierarchy of PTCL HR Department:

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EMPLOYEE FACILITATION CENTER (DEPARTMENT VISIT)::

On 18th June Manager HRBP gave a tour and thoroughly explained the department’s functions.
We were supervised during the whole visit under HR coordinator, Muhammad Tariq.
A brief overview of Employee Facilitation center:
It an institute that has been established by the PTCL to facilitate its employees and resolve their
grievances. This institute comes under the HR department. These centers are opened all across
the country.
Functions of the EFC:

I. Issuing of Employee medical cards:

II. Marriage grant:

III. General Provisional Fund REFUNDABLE and NON REFUNDABLE:

 It is a type of deduction that is made from the salaries of the employees on the basis
of their grades.
 The Refundable portion can be withdrawn up to 80% from his/her GPF account
however, employees below the age of 45 cannot avail this facility.
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IV. education grant

V. uniform grant: This is an allowance for the employees below 17. Two shalwar kameez, pair
of shoes, pair of socks, duppata for females and cap for drivers is given twice a year. This
allowance is added to the salary of the employee as per the rates defined by the company’s
policy.

VI. Transfer of medical facilities to other cities in case of transfer:

VII. Heavy expenditure cases

VIII. Issuance of Departmental cards and retirement cards:

IX. Issuance of Condolence letters:

X. Issuance of Funeral charges:

XI. Rest and recreation allowance: Every Alternative year, PTCL employees are paid rest and
recreation allowance (Half basic pay). They are also given 15 days holidays.

TRANSFER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (DEPARTMENT VISIT):

I have also visited the Transfer management department. This department comes under HR.
Main objective is to ensures that employee’s productivity and their commitment to the overall
objective of the firm remains constant and their skills remain robust by transferring and posting
them to various locations. It aims to balance the organizational efficiency and personal
development of the individual by transferring him/her for the best fit.

Things that are considered prior to the Transfer:


Transferring of the employee involves increased responsibilities. The factors that are considered
prior to transferring an employee are:
 Comparing the performance of current and previous work assignments
 Qualifications and knowledge required for the new position
 Training required or past experience of work related to new position.
Transfer is done by two ways:
Transfer is either initiated by the employee itself by requesting the HR department or it is
initiated by the Company.

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In company transfer cases, the TA&DA is provided to the employee.

TRAVEL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (DEPARTMENT VISIT):

The HR coordinator also provided us the tour of the Travel management office. Sir Rana
Shakoor was heading the department. The functions and brief overview of the department is
given below.
Brief overview and function of TMS:
 Travel management system arranges the travels of the employees to various cities. This is
done by bargaining with the vendors, and dealing with overall day to day corporate travel
Programs.
 This system is maintained through online software.
 TMS is responsible for calculating and bearing all the costs associated with the travel
such as, airline, rental car, rail, hotel, gratuities, staff and client meals, supplies etc.
 TMS is also responsible for the overall safety of the employees during corporate travels.

Internship period 2: FINANCE DEPARTMENT

The second period of our internship (27-06-2022 to 10-07-2022) is linked with the Finance
department. Finance department is divided into three sub-sections:
1. Finance
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2. Accounts
3. Revenue
 The finance section manages activities that are related to revenue and accounts of the
organization.
 The account section maintains a proper book keeping of the financial transactions, commercial
audit & preparation of periodic accounts of the company.
 The revenue wing deals with billing the customer and collecting the bills along with providing
customer services.

Structuring of the Finance Department: Finance department was supervised by GM. Due to
the management restructuring; the Finance Department is now headed by SEVP (Finance) who is
also the head of the Accounts Department. The Finance department head is the EVP (Finance).
Finance Hierarchy Diagram:

Functions of the Finance Department: Finance is the Spine of not only PTCL but also every
organization. The finance department reports help the executives in determining the long-term
objectives and evaluation of the feasibility of the business.
A Brief overview of Functions of the Finance Department of PTCL are:
 Allocation and Mobilization of Funds
 Maintaining the records of the Finances
 Developing financial reports (monthly accrual report, withholding tax report, fuel, store
consumption, variance report, rent amortization) and smoothing financial hiccups.
 Budget control and Registration of fixed Assets.
Processing stages of Bills:

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Internship period 3: R&C (REVENUE AND COLLECTION) Central I QTR

The final period of the internship (11-07-2022 to 24-07-2022) was linked with the R&C
department.SM HRBP arranged our visit to the department. Senior Manager Revenue and
Collection QTR, Shah Jehan Panizai was heading the department.
Functions of the department:
 The R&C department does not collect cash from the customers. It is solely responsible
for issuing bills and dealing with all bill related affairs of the consumers and corporate
clients such as duplicate bills, checking data, disconnection and restoration of numbers,
etc.
 R&C has registered cashiers located at the joint shops of PTCL. Each cashier has a
dedicated login ID, password and ABL number through which cash is deposited. E.g. If
bills are deposited by GPO, the ABL number along with the department name is shown
on the R&C department.
Billing vs. Collection Targets June 22:
 The bill collection target is emailed to SM R&C QTR. He forwards it to his staff working
under him.
 SM R&C achieves the given targets prior to the due date.
R&C management: SM R&C has 4 managers working under his jurisdiction:
1. Manager Central
2. Manager City
3. Manager Khusdar
4. Manager Sariab

Manager central: One recovery officer is stationed in central who is managed by Manager
central.
1. QTA central

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Manager City: Manager city has following recovery officers: Chaman, Loralai, Zhob, Pishin &
QTA city
Manager Khusdar: Following stationed recovery officers (RO) are managed by Manager
Khusdar: Gawadar, Hub, Khusdar, Panjur, Turbat,
Manager Sariab: Manager Sariab has Recovery Officers in following areas: D.M. Jamali,
Nushki, QTA sariab, Sui, Sibi
Flow of communication:

 Each region has R&C department that reports back to the managers who report to the SM
R&C.
 SM reports to the GM R&C who reports to EVP R&C.
 EVP reports to the SEVP (R&C) who ultimately reports to the President:
Billing vs. Collection June 2022
Grand total of Connections 60,794
Arrears (Pending dues of the Last Period) 50,600,248
Current billing (June 22) 151,047,440
Total Payable (Arrears + Current) 201,647,688
Total Target 98% + 5% (98% target for the current billing and 150,556,504
5% for the arrears)

Process of the bills generations:


 All the bills of the consumers is generated by the HQ of the PTCL.

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 Every 3th day of the month, SM R&C receives the billing information of the consumers
on the system software. The bills that are given to consumers is printed by TCS in
Karachi and dispatched to QTA.
 The due date that is given the managers and SM R&C is 21st day of the month. All the
revenue targets have to be achieved by the management of the PTCL prior to this date in
order to maintain a positive record of performance.

Process of Bills collection:


 All the record of the billing is stored with the HQ of PTCL and maintained by the IT
department
 The received bills are then dispatched to rural and urban areas of Balochistan within 2 to
3 days.
 Billing distribution within Quetta is managed by TCS while the billings in the rural areas
of Balochistan is maintained by perfect courier.
 BNCC software allows the R&C department to distribute the bills as per the demand of
the consumer, email, or physical bills.
 SM R&C has the target to recover 45% of the defaulter numbers of the consumers. This
target is communicated to the lower management working under SM R&C in different
regions of Balochistan.
Software used by R&C: BNCC (Billing and customer care) & Billing Register
Delivery Vendors of R&C PTCL QTR: TCS, GPO, Perfect Courier
Total employees working in R&C QTR: 65 employees in total are working in the R&C.
Overview of BNCC: BNCC is the backbone software for the R&C collection department. Each
employee has its own login ID, and Password. BNCC allows the employees of R&C to deal with
the grievances of the consumers.
Tabs: The software has four tabs:
1. Miscellaneous
2. Enquiry Console
3. Recovery Console
4. Arrear Console
Miscellaneous tab: Miscellaneous tab is used for the adjustment of the cases of mis-billing has
following options available.

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 Debit/Credit entry
 Work Flow task
Enquiry Console: This option is used to collect record and trace the telephonic record of the
customers. This console has following Options available:
List History Enquire, DSL List history Enquiry, User Profile Enquiry, Pay history Enquiry,
Debit/Credit Entry Enquiry , Order History Enquiry, Discount State Enquiry, Log history
Enquiry, General Enquiry, General Ledger Enquiry, Columns define
Recovery Console: Recovery Console has following options available:
Bills payment, Corporate Bills, Installment apply, Online collection, System batch print, Bill
Adjustment
 Bill Adjustment option allows the R&C to give discounts and installments to the
consumer bills if he/she is unable to pay. The main purpose is to retain the customers.
 System batch print allows us to print more numbers in bulk at once.
 Nonpayment connections are also dealt with R&C via BNCC

Filters available in BNCCC software: It has following filters of service types that allows to see
customers on the basis of these services:
PSTN, DSL, DXX, LSDL, UAN, Circuit service, ETC.
Types of Users: BNCC has the option to filter the types of users from its extensive list of
numbers: Normal users, Default users & Normal
Billing Register: R&C department in addition to BNCC is assisted by the Billing register. It is a
comprehensive register that contains the customer records of the entire Balochistan.
Billing Register assists the management In making correct strategic decisions because all the
necessary and sensitive credentials are present.
Billing register contains following heads of information:
Contains names, Account numbers, Billing statistics, Addresses, Arrears, Payments, Surcharges,
Reasons for closing, Services column, Units reading, Broadband usage in GBs,
Due date is also mentioned , Billing record of 6 months, Login id with password, CNIC’s of
customers , Adjustment record

Training Program/Duties performed during the internship

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During my 6 weeks of internship in PTCL, very little tasks were assigned to me because
Employees in PTCL were very busy on their telephone calls, audio conferences and target
attainment.
After the implementation of SAP, the manual file work is nearly eliminated. All the record
management and duties performed by employees are done online via computers. Even the
communication between employees stationed in different areas is done via email. The software
that is used to manage the emails is Microsoft Outlook. Whatever the task I was assigned, I
diligently accomplished it.

Duties performed in HRBP department: As mentioned earlier that PTCL has implemented
SAP system that eliminates manual file work. In HRBP department, SM HRBP gave me
presentations, articles, annual report and quarter report of PTCL. So, far, only oral assessment
was done to see whether I was grasping the structure of PTCL.
SMHRBP arranged our visits to departments that were under HRBP. The departments
included: Employee Facilitation center, Transfer management department & Travel
management department. In these departments, no tasks were assigned only their operations
were explained by the HR coordinator.
Task: The only task given to me and other interns was to study the factors that affected the
performance of the employees and how fear thwarts the employees from reaching his/her true
potential. I studied these articles from Google Scholar.
Factors affecting employees performance included:
Management support, training culture, Organizational Climate, Environmental Dynamism,
communication, autonomy and environment; employee-related factors, such as intrinsic
motivation, proactivity, adaptability, skill flexibility, commitment and skill level, leadership,
organizational trust, human capital investments.
Job related factors included: Organizational Fairness, Job Control, Job Communication, Job
Autonomy, Job Environment.
Another Factor that was popular few years ago was: COVID
The first period of Internship was aimed to familiarize myself with the structure of PTCL.

Duties performed in Finance Department: The finance department’s manual work was
eliminated due to SAP. The SM finance showed me the SAP system that manages the overall
management of the finances. Explained the overall Processing of Bills generation and its
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parking SAP using various codes. For instance, after scrutiny the bills are parked in SAP. We
use FV60-t code for payment vouchers and FV50-t code for journal vouchers. Posting of
vouchers is done by FBV0-t code. The payment process is initiated by F-53-t Code and printed
by using FBZ5-t Code. After SAP processes are finished, they are signed and dispatched.

Duties performed in R&C department: In R&C department, SM R&C not only explained
me the BNCC (Billing and Customer care) and Billing Register Software but also made me do
various entries of the newly registered telephone and broadband connections on both softwares.
The billing register software is a Microsoft excel based program that contains information of
all the customers in Balochistan, whereas BNCC is a software that gives the senior managers
of R&C to control the openings and closings of telephone and broadband connections. This
software is updated via entries made by the staff of R&C.
I made following entries into BNCC and billing register:
 Name:
 Father Name:
 Phone number:
 Mobile number:
 CNIC:
 Location:
 Address:
 Exchange name:
 Activated Packages:
 Type of User:
 Billing history
I was also briefed how consumer bills are generated, distributed and collected by R&C
department.

ANALYSIS OF MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS OF THE ORGANIZATION

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Planning: Planning helps the organization to identify its goals, sets its aim, and choses the
means to achieve those goals. Without plans the management is unable to organize its people and
resources effectively. Without planning, the management cannot lead its teams confidently and
have skim chance of achieving their goals because they do not know when they stray from their
path. Faulty plans affects the future of the entire organization.
Similarly, PTCL management does its planning to achieve its defined goals and develops a
comprehensive set of plans that provides a holistic view of integrating and coordinating the
organizational work. They do both long term planning and short term planning. PTCL uses
following planning tools:
 Budgeting
 Probability theory
 Break Even Analysis
 Benchmarking
 Scheduling
 PERT Network Analysis
1.Decision making process
 Decisions on all material transactions or significant matters are taken by the Board of
Directors and the management as per the delegation of the powers approved by the board.
 The Decision making in PTCL is Top-Down.
 The company is committed to adopting a 3D approach to diversity and encouraging
cognitive diversity among its employees so that people from different backgrounds can
contribute to the decision making.
b. Organizing is the second most important management function. PTCL undertakes following
steps in organizing their goals and objectives:
 Departmentalization
 Work Specialization
 Delegation and Accountability
1. Organizational design of PTCL:
 PTCL organizational structure is based on formal frame work having a proper system of
communication and authority. It has well-structured hierarchy that has set forth the roles,
responsibilities and accountability.

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 The organizational chart given in the preceding pages indicates the responsibilities of each
individual for implementing and accomplishing the overall objective of the firm.
 PTCL has designed an appropriate structure that helps the management to effectively and
efficiently accomplish the objectives of PTCL and make the vision a reality.
 The description of the Organizational structure of PTCL can be summed into 3 components:
1. Complexity
2. Centralization
3. Formalization

1. Complexity:
The term complexity refers to the amount of differentiation in an organization. The more
division of labor, the more vertical level hierarchy and geographically dispersed a firm is, the
more difficult or complex is it to coordinate the activities of people in accomplishing the
objectives of the firm.
When I did an analysis of the PTCL, I found that PTCL had about 70,000 employees prior to
restructuring. After the restructuring of the PTCL, the numbers of employees were reduced to
18,000.
Problems with large Hierarchy:
The previous large hierarchy created problems for the organizational activities and coordination.
The result was the slow correspondence between management and officials at lower tier. Etisalat
restructured the PTCL and still the restructuring is under process. After the restructuring, the
overall operations of the firm have become more responsible and efficient.
2. Centralization:
In PTCL, decision making is highly centralized at upper tiers of management. Problems are
communicated to the superiors who decide what needs to be done and how it is done. This
reduces the morale and motivation of the employees, limited opportunity for the employees to
provide feedback and a high risk of inflexibility.
Decentralization and my opinion: In my opinion, decentralization is a double edged sword
that has its advantages and disadvantages:
Advantages of Decentralization:

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 Decentralization policy allows the lower level managers to make better day to day
decisions. This frees the senior management to focus on more important management
functions.
 Decentralization empowers and motivates the lower management and they feel more
connected with the organization.
 It boosts the morale of the employees as they get more involved in the decision making
process of their sub units.
 Quick decision times because less time is involved in communication and unnecessary
approvals.
Disadvantages of Decentralization:
In my opinion, decentralization is not feasible for the organization like PTCL because the
managers who are involved in decision making are not qualified for making decisions that are
aligned with the interests of the enterprise. This problem can be eradicated if PTCL invests in
developing highly skilled employees who have the ability and insight to make sound decisions
that benefit the organization.
3. Formalization: Formalization refers to the degree to which an organization relies as rules and
procedures to control and direct the behavior of employees.
PTCL organization is a formalized organization with well-defined rules and regulations,
responsibilities, guidelines etc. Due to these regulations, PTCL organization is now more
formalized.
2. Departmentalization
PTCL is divided into definite departments that perform different functions. Each department
contains staff that possesses specific skills to handle the day to day operations. PTCL follows the
system of functional departmentalization, where people are linked by their area of
specializations.
The departments of the PTCL include:
 Human Resource Management Department
 Finance Department
 Special Projects Department
 IT Department
 Corporate Affairs Department
 Operational Department

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 Commercial Department
 Technical Department
3. Span of control
The overall control in PTCL is bureaucratic with well-defined procedures. The power flows from
top to bottom and is exercised through a defined set of rules.
4. Chain of command
 The company’s head is called president who is assisted by a Senior Executive Vice
President. SEVP commands different operations such as Administration, customer
services, System engineering, International Communications, Operations, Technology
Transfer & Research.
 Normal Routine operations are decentralized to 21 regions and 14 geographical regions.
 Head of the region is called the General Manager. GM ensures the smooth operations of
telecommunications, finances, revenues, and overall well-being of his staff.
 GM has different Divisions in his jurisdiction. A division is a unit of region that is
managed by a Senior Engineer (SE).
 S.E. has different subdivisions that are headed by Engineer Switch. It is the SE’s
responsibilities to ensure efficient administration of technical and welfare matters of his
team by providing men and material.
 Engineer Switch is in charge of the sub-division and is responsible for carrying out the
order of the Division. The sub-division has different units or sections that are led by
Engineering Supervisors (ES). ES is similar to a technician that traces faults and rectifies
them. They also supervise the work of their sub-ordinate technicians, assistants, line staff
and others.
 High level operations such as Financing, procurement, technology selection, service
development, network planning are controlled by the PTCL headquarters Islamabad.
c. Leading
PTCL has a very effective leadership that manages the people and work through different motivation
programs. These programs are not only aimed at increasing the motivation but also increasing
the skills that enhances the overall productivity of employees. It involves:
 Providing security and insurance
 Promotions
 Employee development through training programs

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 Safe and hygienic working conditions


 Free medical facilities
 Bonus and salary packages
 Talent recognition and Talent development
 Complementary services w.r.t. Internet connectivity and SMART TV
 Rewards and Recognition
d. Controlling
 The controlling functions are performed by the H.R department of PTCL. They have a very
strong performance standard for recording and evaluating results.
 The controlling function of PTCL can be somewhat compared to the quality control group.
They ensure that the performance of the employees conform to the established standards and
principles.
 The HR department has a proper performance evaluation, Talent management, and other soft
wares that help the management in promotion, training and other important decision making.
 Most of the offices of PTCL are well equipped with technological hardware. Data that is
acquired by the management is fed into the main “SERVER”. This fed data helps the upper
management in making decisions.
 PTCL also has a high speed internet connection that is used by the management so that they
may connect to higher management regularly.
 PTCL publishes annual and quarter reports that are available on their official websites. These
reports help the employees to keep their knowledge fresh about organization’s
strategies/affairs.
 The reports are compared with the previous years of performance to identify the areas of
weaknesses. Corrective actions are then taken to regulate operations, remove deficiencies and
improve performance.

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Critical analysis of PTCL:

PTCL is the largest and the oldest telecommunication organization of Pakistan. PTCL is the
mother of all the telecommunication industries that are operating within Pakistan. These
companies, either direct competitor or indirect competitor, are using the infrastructure of PTCL
to provide their services.
As we have discussed the introduction to PTCL, its infrastructure, its competitors, product and
services offered, organizational structure, its upper management, etc. we can conclude that it is
the biggest organization in the telecom industry. Because PTCL is not accustomed to operating
in the competitive environment, it still faces multiple challenges and threats from its competitors.
To coupe the challenges PTCL is using most advanced and innovative technology to compete in
the market
Privatization has improved the overall services provided to its customers. PTCL had almost
70,000 employees prior to the privatization. After privatization, PTCL introduced the Voluntary
Separation Scheme (VSS) to save the organization from the financial crisis. Through this
scheme, PTCL was able to reduce their pay expenditure by up to 40% and hired the cream of
professionals.

HR ANALYSIS:

 Human Resource department of PTCL is a division of a company that is responsible for


effectively managing company’s human resource. HR department is concerned with
finding, screening, recruiting and training the job applicants along with administering
benefits.
 This department also administers EFC department that is concerned with the handling
compensation benefits.
 This department tries to maximize the productivity of the workforce and resolves the
issues that arise with the workforce.
 HR department has a system of talent management that promotes innovation, creativity
and flexibility that is necessary to enhance the productivity.
 The only problems with the overall HR department are the job security, salary structure
and work load. Because PTCL has been privatized and employees are working here on
contractual basis, their commitment to the organization is reduced due to the fear of

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losing job. Restructuring of PTCL has aggravated this issue. As a result, people working
in the organization are not performing to their fullest potential. PTCL has also increased
the workload on its employees by giving stringent targets. This increased workload
causes many employees to burnout. This burnout ultimately leads to employee turnover,
and increased medical bills.

R&C ANALYSIS:

 The revenue and collection department is also one of the most important departments
next to HR and Finance because the entire operations of the PTCL is run on the revenue
generated. “Prior to the restructuring of PTCL by Etisalat, the operations of the R&C
were very inefficient. However, after the implementation of BNCC and billing registry,
the R&C has become one of the most efficient department next to finance”, said SM
R&C.
 Corruption and misrepresentation of data is eliminated due to SAP.
 R&C employees are connected to a server in the main office of PTCL. The target of
revenue collection is given to them by the headquarters; R&C QTR sole responsibility is
to achieve those targets and remove any encumbrance.
 R&C and all other departments of PTCL measure the performance of their employees on
yearly basis with software that is managed by the HR department.

SWOT Analysis of PTCL:

After spending my 6 weeks as an intern in PTCL, I was able to pin point some of the issues in
PTCL. So, I constructed a SWOT analysis table.
Strengths Weaknesses
1. PTCL has largest operational network in 1. Lack of Aggressive Marketing
the telecom sector 2. Weak customer Services
2. Government Support 3. Highly authoritative top-down approach
3. Integrated Monopoly 4. Quality Of Service
4. Access to Infrastructure- Optical and 5. Low revenue per user (ARPU)
Satellite links 6. Inability to retain customers due to
5. Large Customer Base disruption in services

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6. Provider of both data and voice service 7. High connection installation costs due to
provider involvement of telephone poles, wires,
7. Market Leadership in local loop, Wireless splitters, modems etc.
local loop (WLL) and fixed Telephony 8. Very low employee morale
8. PTCL (Ufone) is challenging other players 9. Lack of innovation
in GSM segment. 10. Excessive work load on employees.
9. Competitors still depend on PTCL network 11. Promotion issues
either directly or indirectly 12. Contractual jobs that are unsecure leads
10. Experienced and skilled Telecom Resource to poor commitment to the organization
11. Exponential Growth and large revenue 13. Fear of Downsizing
12. Strong international Brand name. 14. Lack of Benefit to the employees for
13. Strong SAP software acquiring higher qualifications in terms
14. Strong Organizational Structure of promotions or increment
15. Training opportunities not equally
distributed
Opportunities Threats
1. The population is responsive and adaptive 1. Increased competition
to new technological changes. 2. Indirect competition from cellular
2. Consumer base increasing due to networks
increasing number of social media 3. New technological advancements such
influencers and gamers. as 5G and AI.
3. Ability to achieve economies cost efficiency 4. Inability to attract and Retain Quality
because of its vast reach. Professionals
4. Has the capability to introduce new 5. Not used to operating in a competitive
innovative products. environment
5. Removal of Trade barriers 6. Availability of substitutes
6. Large market size 7. Political instability
7. Partnership with new entrants 8. Security and privacy issues (hacking)
9. Adverse shifts in trade policies of
government
10. Recession in economy

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Conclusion

PTCL has been enjoying monopoly since its inception. However, restructuring and the emergence of
new competitors in the market has forced PTCL to revise its rigid policies and become more
dynamic to the changing environment. Now PTCL is focused on providing supreme quality of
service to its customers. The implementation of SAP system has almost eliminated manual work
thus reducing workload on employees. Human resource, Finance and Revenue & Collection
departments are one of the most important departments of PTCL.
Human resource department plays a very important role in hiring, retaining, training, motivating and
promoting employees. Similarly, the Finance Department is the life line of the PTCL. This
department regulates all the matters that are related to finance such as salaries, day-to-day
expenses etc. Finally, PTCL is running because of the revenue that is collected from billing its
customers. The customers can either be ordinary consumers or corporate clients such as airlines,
banks etc. This department contains a dedicated team that manages not only the records of the
bills of the consumers but also activates the desired packages of Broadband, IPTV, and
Telephone.
After completion of my internship with PTCL for about 6 weeks for the fulfillment of my BBA
Degree program. I hereby conclude that during the internship period, I have acquired sufficient
knowledge and real hands on experience of the practical world. I have enjoyed the overall
experience at PTCL due to their wholehearted commitment and friendly environment. I have
witnessed how large organizations like PTCL are organized. PTCL in order to further excel in
the telecommunication world should focus on its weaknesses, play on its strength and cash the
opportunities, and develop strategic plans to overcome threats.

Recommendations:

 Marketing officers and Finance officers and engineers may need to be sent to international
seminars/workshops to acquire knowledge of new technique and procedures. These trainings
should be more frequent.
 PTCL management should tailor the motivation program so that the intrinsic motivation level
of its employees increases.

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 Power outages were quite frequent in PTCL. These power outages frequently disrupted the
routine work of the employees. Therefore, proper alternative power source should be
provided to the computers of the offices.
 Employees of PTCL that are on contract are worried about losing their jobs due to the
downsizing and restructuring. The employees should have a secure job in order to establish
their commitment to PTCL.
 Refreshment parties should be arranged in order to change the boredom routine of the
employees once a month or once every two months.
 Employees should be given health and nutrition training because many employees of PTCL are
facing health issues.
 Exercise/workout culture should be promoted by creating gym within the office premises that
includes treadmills, dumbbells, barbells and other fitness machines.
 Regular exercise and health and nutrition training would not only reduce the medical expenses
of the PTCL but also reduce the number of sick leaves.
 Pay Packages should be revised considering the current status of economy and the profits
earned by the organization
Reference & Sources used

 Sultan Ahmed Hassan, Director of Public relations, Global Access through PTCL,
https://studylib.net/doc/8223703/sultan-ahmed-hasan-pakistan--director-of-public---connect
 (December 2020) Sustainability report PTCL, https://ptcl.com.pk/Uploads/Sustainabilityreport.pdf
 Owler, (December 2021), Competitors analysis report, https://www.owler.com/company/ptcl
 Interpersonal communication with the officials of PTCL
 Official Website of PTCL, https://ptcl.com.pk
 Official website of PTA, https://www.pta.gov.pk/en
 Presentations and other relevant documents provided by SM HRBP
 Company’s profile, https://ptcl.com.pk/Home/PageDetail?ItemId=345&linkId=900&linkId=5074
 Subsidiaries’ of PTCL, https://ptcl.com.pk/Home/PageDetail?ItemId=359&linkId=918
 Business solutions, https://ptcl.com.pk/business
 Smart solutions, https://ptcl.com.pk/Home/PageDetail?ItemId=620&linkId=5454
 (December 2021), Annual Report PTCL, https://ptcl.com.pk/uploads/PTCL%20Annual%20Report-
2021.pdf

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