CEMEX Eliot Quarry

Geotechnical Characterization Report

Alameda County, California
Page 13
underlain by a silty clay and clayey silt designated at the Lower Clay. Finally, beneath the Lower
Clay interbedded sand, gravel, and clay to the maximum drilled depth of 200-ft was encountered.
Granular soils were dense to very dense and the clayey soils were very stiff to hard.

A waxy, highly plastic clay was encountered in some of the borings near the top of the Lower Clay.
This clay was very stiff to hard and contained a significant amount of slickensided surfaces, and
in some cases appeared to be sheared. This clay had a very high Liquid Limit and Plasticity Index.
Laboratory tests were performed and resulted in a friction angle of about 7Eand a peak cohesion
of approximately 1,600-psf to 1,900-psf. Torsional ring shear testing indicated that shear strength
of the waxy clay will decrease with the increase of shear deformation.

Exposed material was mapped by a field geologist along the slope located immediately southwest
of Lakeside Circle. No visible signs of slope instability were noted on the slope.

Street monuments surveys were made between January 2000 and January 2003 by Carlson
Barbee and Gibson Inc. After approximately 12 months, these surveys appeared to indicate
vertical and horizontal movements ranging from 1/2-in to 2-in. These movements were believed
to be generally larger near the top of the quarry slope and gradually decreased to insignificant at
a distance ranging 300-ft to 400-ft from top of the slope. The horizontal movement was observed
to trend southwest. The magnitude and direction of vertical and horizontal movements measured
were similar to those observed by Kleinfelder (2002) and Kier & Wright (2002).

Piezometers were installed at various depths in four of the boreholes and monitored for
approximately one year. The results were reported in the Appendix of Berlogar’s report.

Inclinometer casings were installed to depths of 130-ft to 160-ft below the ground surface. These
inclinometers, along with those installed by KANE GeoTech and Kleinfelder, were read between
April 2002 to February 2003. Some inclinometers did not show any significant movement while
others indicated sharp slope movements. It was observed that the movements were located near
the top of what Berlogar described as the waxy clay layer.

Berlogar stated that the small and uniformly-distributed cracking observed in Lakeside Circle was
a “signature” pattern that was often seen in relaxation and lateral stretching, and associated this
with the shear strength reduction of the waxy clay. Berlogar believed this was a form of elastic
deformation due to significant unloading from the excavation adjacent to and below the slope.

Alternatively, Berlogar reported that some of the noted pavement and driveway cracks may have
been the result of ground subsidence due to significant drawdown of the groundwater in the
vicinity of Lakeside Circle. It was believed that lowering the groundwater increased the effective
stress of the soils and resulted in ground subsidence. It was also speculated that any settlement
would take place within two years after dewatering and estimated the total subsidence to be 1-in
to 3-in. Ground surveys done for this report showed that most of the estimated settlement had
already taken place.

Berlogar performed slope stability analysis using the slope stability software program GSLOPE.
The slope was modeled with different lengths of the waxy clay and different ground water

KANE GeoTech, Inc.