Waterworld201908 DL

August 2019 - Vol.
35, Issue 8
Serving the Municipal Water/Wastewater Industry • www.waterworld.com
Charting a Course
Toward DPR
One city shifts focus and prepares for change
Also Inside
Measuring free chlorine
Water treatment chemical safety
Disinfection in De Soto Parish
Special Section
Urban Water Management
Products & Services

Tanks & structures
Aeration & mixing systems
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CONTENTS
AUGUST 2019/VOLUME 35/No. 8
Features
10 17
Charting a Course Toward DPR New Approach to Free Chlorine Measurement
Direct potable reuse has gotten a lot of attention in An integrated technology approach enables plants to
Flagstaff, Ariz. Katie Vanyo explains why focus has streamline the use of amperometric sensors for free
shifted and how the city is preparing for change. chlorine measurement.
INSIDE EVERY ISSUE

From t he We b. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1 PRODUCTS 6
V iewpoint..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4
6 Pro d u c t Sh o w c a s e
News Briefs... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8, 35
16 Pro d u c t F o c u s / I n d e x
WWEMA....... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
31 N e w Pro d u c t s
Adver t iser In de x. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Case St udy . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
16 31 31
Calendar...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT

12 Defining a We t l a n d
28 Pro d u c t s & Se r v ic e s : Ta n k s & St r u c t u re s

August 2019 - Vol. 35, Issue 8
30 Pro d u c t s & Se r v ic e s : Ae r a t io n & M ix in g Sy s t e m s

®
Serving the Municipal Water/Wastewater Industry • www.waterworld.com
Charting a Course
Toward DPR
28 28 30
One city shifts focus and prepares for change
ON THE COVER:
The City of Flagstaff, Ariz.,
has been working on a DPR
Also Inside
feasibility study with Brown
Measuring free chlorine
Water treatment chemical safety
Disinfection in De Soto Parish
and Caldwell to determine
Special Section
Urban Water Management potential alternative water
Products & Services
Tanks & structures supplies. Photo: iStock/Md
Aeration & mixing systems
Esharuzzaman Emu.
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®
20 22
Ensuring the Safety of Water Treatment Chemicals Disinfection in De Soto Parish
A uniform approach helps control potential adverse Finding the right drinking water disinfection solution
health effects from products used in the treatment, was critical for this Louisiana parish dealing with emer-
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Editor’s Letter
Telling the story of water
A
merican novelist James Baldwin said, “Know from it’s facing now, and where it’s going in the future.”
whence you came. If you know whence you came, Sedlak sat down and wrote a book — THE book — on the
there are absolutely no limitations to where you can evolution of urban water and wastewater systems, Water 4.0:
go.” His sentiment is a poignant one that holds its relevance The Past, Present, and Future of the World’s Most Vital Resource.
when applied to our modern water and wastewater systems. In the process, he noticed something interesting. “What you
“I’d been studying the issue of water recycling and water see is a repeating pattern in urban water systems. That is, we
reuse for about four or five years, and what I found is that build them, they serve our needs, and then they reach a point
people are really curious about this topic,” said David Sedlak, where, for one reason or another, they’re not doing what we
professor of environmental engineering at UC-Berkeley. He said want them to do anymore. We bump along for a number of
he was surprised, however, by how little decades, making do with the best we have, and then suddenly
people actually knew not only about the topic a crisis happens.”
of water recycling but where their water came When that crisis happens, he noted, things change very
from in the first place. “After giving a few quickly. The system undergoes a complete transformation. “And
talks explaining it, I realized that the thing then it’s good; it lasts for a while,” he said. Then another crisis
ANGELA GODWIN they were really interested in is knowing the happens and the cycle repeats.
Editorial Director,
WaterWorld history of how it came about, the problems Through his research, Dr. Sedlak has been able to identify
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that people are really curious to know about.”
The fourth revolution, Water 4.0 as he calls it, is different
depending upon where you live. “If you live in a water-scarce
place, that revolution is a water supply revolution — things
like desalination, water recycling, stormwater capture, con-
servation.” If you live in a really wet place, however, “it has
to do with managing all the water that comes down the streets
and not just putting it in a storm sewer and letting it flood the
city,” he said.
Dr. David Sedlak talks with Angela Godwin during the 2019 BlueTech
Forum in London. In the five years since his book was published, Dr. Sedlak, a
scientific researcher by nature, has continued to work with his
three major water “revolutions” in the West: imported water graduate students on new technologies, studying urban water
(bringing water from long distances and distributing it around systems and trying to improve them. But he believes another
cities); drinking water treatment (disinfecting water that might book is likely in his future.
have made us sick); and municipal wastewater treatment (pu- “When I set out to write [Water 4.0], I realized it’s an incom-
rifying it to protect rivers and aquatic ecosystems). “And now, plete story,” he said. His next book, he believes, will attempt
we’re going through a fourth revolution,” he suggested, “and to answer the question of where we’re going in the future.
that revolution is really the thing that’s happening today and “That’s the story that needs to be told next.” WW
Publisher Timm Dower (918) 832-9237

E-mail: tdower@endeavorb2b.com
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Editorial Director Angela D. Godwin (603) 891-9221

Editorial/Press Releases E-mail: agodwin@endeavorb2b.com POSTMASTER & SUBSCRIBER CUSTOMER SERVICE
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Product Showcase
Surge protection Butterfly valve

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News Briefs
OKLAHOMA WATER QUALITY GETS $130,000 BOOST FROM EPA Next steps for the project include forming a Joint Powers
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) recently award- Authority between Padre Dam Municipal Water District, the City
ed the Oklahoma Office of the Secretary of Energy and the of El Cajon, and the County of San Diego to serve as the governing
Environment with $130,000 to improve impaired waters and body for the program. An industry day is being planned for
protect unimpaired waters across the state. mid-August to provide notice to prospective designers and con-
The funds will support Oklahoma’s Water Quality Planning tractors on the initiation of a selection process for the progressive
programs while increasing public awareness and engagement on design-build packages that will begin posting in Fall 2019. Partner
the need for water quality protection and improvement. The agencies also continue to pursue grant and loan opportunities to
funds will be used to assess water quality, identify and protect help fund the estimated $528 million project.
sensitive, impaired or threatened water bodies and will help ensure The East County Advanced Water Purification Program is
better stormwater management practices in the future. WW expected to begin producing water in 2025 and will provide
11.5 million gallons per day. WW
PRITZKER PRIVATE CAPITAL TO ACQUIRE VALICOR
Pritzker Private Capital has signed a definitive agreement to
acquire Valicor Environmental Services, a provider of non-
hazardous wastewater treatment services in North America.
Pritzker Private Capital is investing alongside Valicor’s manage-
ment team, who will continue to lead the business.
Headquartered in Monroe, Ohio, Valicor provides non-
hazardous wastewater treatment services through its network
of centralized wastewater treatment facilities and extensive
transportation fleet. With 22 facilities and more than 350 em-
ployees, Valicor serves customers with a diverse set of wastewater
streams throughout North America. WW
RECYCLED WATER PROGRAM GETS $9.4M

IN INTERIM FUNDING
With the approval of an BLACK & VEATCH, BROWN AND CALDWELL WORK ON ‘ONE
Interim Funding Agree- WATER’ PROJECT IN FLORIDA
ment (IFA), the East The engineering and design team of Black & Veatch/Brown and
County Advanced Wa- Caldwell has been selected to develop a water sustainability
ter Purification Program blueprint for Winter Haven, Fla. As home to the “Chain of
progressed closer to Lakes,” an important regional water and recreational resource,
completion with its program’s partner agencies — Padre Dam and with a growing population of more than 37,000 potable
Municipal Water District, the City of El Cajon, Helix Water water customers, Winter Haven views water resiliency as critical
District and the County of San Diego. The IFA will ensure that to its continued prosperity.
the program can move forward with funding for the next year. The planned, integrated master plan will adopt a “one water”
It states each agency will commit $2.35 million ($9.4 million approach. The Black & Veatch/Brown and Caldwell team will
total) toward the program, which aims to create a new, local, assess Winter Haven’s water resources and utility systems, then
sustainable and drought-proof drinking water supply using help chart how to integrate its land- and water-use planning,
state-of-the-art technology to purify East San Diego County’s incorporate its lakes and restore/protect its natural systems while
recycled water. promoting citywide water sustainability and economic growth
Once complete, the East County Advanced Water Purification for at least the next half-century.
Program will generate up to 11.5 million gallons per day of new Winter Haven has been especially proactive in addressing its
drinking water, which is approximately 30 percent of current water future, having joined the Polk Regional Water Cooperative
drinking water demands for residents in the Padre Dam and to support regional efforts to better manage impacts from land
Helix service areas. Four advanced water purification steps will use, aquifer withdrawals, and drainage on water supplies and
produce water that is near-distilled in quality. The purified water natural systems. The City Commission adopted a Sustainable
will then be blended with water in Lake Jennings and treated Water Management Plan in 2010 that established a long-term
at the R.M. Levy Water Treatment Plant before being distributed approach that recognized how water is connected to Winter
as drinking water. Haven’s economic future and quality of life. WW
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I
ndirect potable reuse has been practiced in Arizona for some time but recently direct potable reuse (DPR) has gotten a lot
of attention. Katie Vanyo, an environmental engineer with Brown and Caldwell, tells WaterWorld why focus has shifted
and how one city is preparing for change.
WATERWORLD: Arizona’s attitude toward DPR has shifted future water supplies. They have a couple of options on the
recently. Can you explain why? table, one being a groundwater source about 40 miles east of
KATIE VANYO: As of January 1, 2018, the Arizona Department town. And direct potable reuse is also on the table. What they’re
of Environmental Quality (ADEQ) lifted the ban on direct planning to do is look at all of these different alternatives and
potable reuse. There were a couple of drivers behind that, of compare them on an apples-to-apples basis to really find out
course. As we progress into the future, finding those sustainable what’s best for the city.
water supplies [will be important] but also the technology is
there, it’s proven. Now we just need the regulation behind it. WW: What kinds of treatment technologies did you evaluate
in your study?
WW: Brown and Caldwell has been working with the city of KV: We looked at two different alternative treatment trains. One
Flagstaff on a feasibility study. Tell us a little bit about that and was an RO-based treatment train with full advanced treatment,
why it was done? traditionally called FAT. But particularly with that RO-based
KV: The city of Flagstaff, Arizona, is currently evaluating its treatment, you have that concentrate stream that you have to
1908WW10-11.indd 10 7/31/19 3:35 PM

Brown and Caldwell’s Katie Vanyo discusses
Flagstaff’s journey toward direct potable reuse.
deal with and that’s very costly, especially for

inland communities in Arizona. So, we also
looked at an ozone biologically activated
filtration-based treatment train and actually
compared those on a cost basis as well as
on a land-use basis.
WW: The study also had a public outreach compo- ceuticals and they did express some preference to-
nent to it. What did that entail? wards indirect potable reuse but what I love about
KV: First off, I’d like to say that Flagstaff is doing this community is that they expressed a desire to
great with its public outreach. They’ve been doing receive more information and more education to
it for a while now. But our study did include a [public really understand what’s going on.
outreach] component. Our [objective] was to inter-
view key stakeholders in the community, a large WW: What’s the current status of Flagstaff’s water
diverse group of people, to really get a feel for, one, reuse plans?
are they aware of future water supply planning; two, KV: The city of Flagstaff is working on a pilot for
what are their general feelings on reuse; and three, DPR and waiting for the study to be finished to
are there any concerns. The general feel from the compare this to another water supply alternative. If
public was very positive. They’re very comfortable they do go with DPR, they’re taking all the right
with reuse. They expressed concerns with pharma- steps to get there. WW
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The Procedures will take effect nine months after approval by the state’s
Office of Administrative Law, which means they are likely to become ef-
fective near the end of the first quarter of 2020. Photos: Shutterstock.
Defining a Wetland
What to Expect Under California’s ‘New’ Dredged
or Fill Discharge Procedures
BY JAMES T. BURROUGHS
O
n April 2, 2019, the State Water Resources Control • The duration of such saturation is sufficient to cause anaerobic
Board (State Water Board) adopted new rules en- conditions in the upper substrate; and
titled “Procedures for Discharges of Dredged or Fill • The area’s vegetation is dominated by hydrophytes or the
Material to Waters of the State” (Procedures). In justifying these area lacks vegetation.
rules, the State Water Board cited the potential need to strength-
en protections for “waters of the state” and develop uniform In addition, the Procedures establish a Regional Boards reg-
definitions and procedures across California’s Regional Water ulatory process for the submission, review, and approval of
Quality Control Boards (Regional Boards) for regulating dis- applications for activities that could result in the discharge of
charges of dredged or fill materials. dredged or fill material to “waters of the state.” In total, how-
The Procedures establish a definition of “wetland” that largely ever, the Procedures appear to do little more than formalize a
tracks the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers’ three-parameter Regional Boards permitting process that has been in effect to
definition; the text italicized below is the only difference. Under varying degrees since 2001, when the U.S. Supreme Court
the Procedures, an area is a wetland if, under “normal circum- determined that the Army Corps does not have jurisdiction over
stances” (a defined term): “isolated waters.”
• The area has continuous or recurrent saturation of the upper Nonetheless, there are some potentially important new twists
substrate caused by groundwater, or shallow surface water, in the Procedures. For example, with respect to required miti-
or both; gation plans, it is now possible that the level of detail usually
1908WW12-15.indd 12 7/31/19 3:35 PM

required only for larger fill projects may now also be required Boards will be able to comply with the new Procedures with
by Regional Board staff for the smaller and less impactful projects. continued reliance on the information generated by the existing
Importantly, under the Procedures, the Regional Boards will Army Corps requirements for processing NWPs and individual
now be obligated to apply the rigorous “alternatives analysis” permit applications. The Procedures are not applicable at all to
procedure to certain projects that have historically been effec- projects authorized under a general permit issued by the State
tively exempt from that analysis when processed under one of Water Board or a Regional Board.
several Army Corps nationwide permits (NWPs). For projects that do not fall within the Army Corps’ permitting
Perhaps the most important ramification of the State Water jurisdiction or are otherwise not subject to one of the state’s
Board’s action in adopting the Procedures is to effectively freeze general permits, the Procedures will effectively require many of
in place the existing regulatory process for the fill of waters in those projects to be processed as if they were subject to an
California, even if the Trump administration is ultimately successful Army Corps individual permit, i.e., they will have to include
in its current efforts to scale back the reach and processing require- preparation of an alternatives analysis leading to a “least envi-
ments of the Army Corps’ Section 404 regulatory program. ronmentally damaging practicable alternative” (LEDPA) deter-
The Procedures will take effect nine months after approval mination and preparation of a detailed mitigation plan. This
by the state’s Office of Administrative Law, which means they may not be a significant difference from current procedures,
are likely to become effective near the end of the first quarter given that, in recent years, the Regional Boards have informally
of 2020. The Procedures do not apply to applications that are engaged in this practice to varying degrees in those relatively
submitted prior to the date the Procedures become effective. few instances where a fill of an “isolated water” is proposed.
The Procedures now formalize this practice and make it consistent
POTENTIAL CHANGES across all Regional Boards.
The procedural requirements of the Procedures’ alternatives
analysis and mitigation plan could theoretically dramatically POTENTIALLY SIGNIFICANT NEW REQUIREMENT
increase the workload of the Regional Boards’ staff, but the One potentially significant change affected by the Procedures
extent to which this workload materializes will likely depend is their application to some projects that have historically qualified
upon whether the Trump administration is successful in narrowing for certain Army Corps NWPs. Several often-used NWPs —
the Section 404 program’s scope. If that program is scaled back, utility lines (NWP 12), linear transportation projects (NWP 14),
the number of projects subject solely to California’s regulatory residential and commercial developments (NWPs 29 and 39),
program will likely increase, generating considerably more work and recreational facilities (NWP 42) — apply to projects with
for Regional Board staff. On the other hand, if the Section 404 fills of up to 0.5 acres (including wetland fills) or impacts to
federal permitting program remains unchanged, the new Pro- drainages that exceed 300 feet (if the Army Corps waives the
cedures may only have an impact on a very small percentage 300-foot default cap). Under the Procedures, a full alternatives
of projects (estimated by State Water Board staff to be roughly analysis leading to a LEDPA determination and detailed com-
one percent). pensatory mitigation plan is now required for any project that
For the vast majority of projects, it appears that the Regional would involve fill of more than 0.2 acres or more than 300 linear
The rules seek to strengthen protections
for “waters of the state” and develop
uniform definitions and procedures
across California’s Regional Water
Quality Control Boards for regulating
discharges of dredged or fill materials.
1908WW12-15.indd 13 7/31/19 3:35 PM

feet of a drainage. ISSUES FOR FUTURE CONSIDERATION

As to those projects, the Procedures effectively override the The Procedures do not put to rest all open questions regarding
Army Corps’ NWP program by requiring them to be processed the State’s wetlands and waters regulatory program. The fol-
as if they were an individual permit project, not a NWP project. lowing open issues may still arise (or be litigated) in the course
This has the potential to significantly extend the permit proof pursuing permits for discharges to waters of the state:
cessing time for these particular projects and change the stan- • The Procedures do not cite a legal basis for the declaration
dards by which to determine whether and on what conditions that discharge of fill to waters of the state qualifies as a dis-
the requested permit will be issued. charge of “waste” that is subject to regulation under the
State’s Porter-Cologne Water Quality Con-
trol Act (Porter-Cologne Act). In fact, no
legal authority has clearly established that
“fill” is “waste” as that term is used in the
Porter-Cologne Act.
HOW EFFICIENT IS YOUR • Other California resource agencies
AERATION PROCESS? such as the California Coastal Commission

(CCC) must rely on different definitions
of wetlands from those contained in the
new Procedures. For projects in the coastal
zone, the CCC must apply the wetland
definition supplied by the Coastal Act (Pub.
Resources Code, § 30121). Likewise, noth-
ing prevents a CEQA lead agency from
applying its own definition of a wetland
as long as the definition has a basis in
substantial evidence. Of course, alignment
of the wetland definition across all regu-
latory agencies is not within the State
Water Board’s regulatory purview and can
only be effected with statutory change.
• The Procedures do not purport to
define “waters of the state” other than
wetlands, leaving practitioners with broader
unanswered questions about other
non-wetland waters. For example, the Pro-
LET’S TALK
cedures do not address the question of
when a tributary is no longer a water of the
Tom McCurdy, Director of Environmental Sales
state — an issue that comes up for practi-
+1 610 656 1683 tmccurdy@aerzenusa.com tioners more often than might be guessed.
As with any new regulatory program,
a true understanding of the effect and
Real efficiency means operating the reach of the Procedures will only come
consumption profiles in wastewater treatment
with application in the field. That will not
plants with precision. Aeration consumes up to
80% of total energy requirements; the greatest begin until sometime in 2020. WW
savings potential can therefore be found here.
With our Performance3 product portfolio
About the Author: James Burroughs is a partner in Allen
consisting of Blower, Hybrid, and Turbo
technologies, we always find the most efficient Matkins’ San Francisco office, where he practices environ-
and tailor-made solution for you. mental and land use law. He manages the permit entitle-
Benefit from up to 30% energy savings! ment process for proposed projects, and specializes in
LET’S TALK! We’ll be happy to advise you!
federal, state and local permits involving environmental
www.aerzen.com/en-us and natural resource issues.


AerzUSA_WW_1901 1 12/11/18 8:36 AM
1908WW12-15.indd 14 7/31/19 3:35 PM 1908WW

1908WW12-15.indd
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7/17/19 3:35
2:24 PM
PM
Product Focus
Remote
Disconnect
Metering Mueller Systems’ 420 RDM utilizes
a proven positive displacement me-
tering technology, with a 20-year bat-
Maximizing utility resources by tery and a nutating disc measurement
eliminating manual connects/ chamber along with a pilot/diaphragm valve
disconnects for easy installation.
T
oday, remote disconnect/reconnect metering technol- meter in terms of reliable service and
ogy eliminates the need to send utility personnel into long battery life.
the field to turn service on or off manually. Many The pilot-operated diaphragm valve
utilities disconnect an average of 5-10 percent of their customers utilizes system water pressure to allow or stop
each year. For an average utility of 20,000 customers, that the flow of water in the meter. Low power requirements make
amounts to 1,000 to 2,000 truck rolls per year. With an average the 420 RDM a true on/off valve.
truck roll cost of $50-$75 each, implementing remote disconnect Other situations where remote disconnect is beneficial include
metering can save such a utility $100,000 to $300,000 per year. high-frequency turnover of customers in high-rent areas like
Reducing truck rolls also limits situations where utility employees university or seasonal towns. Notifications of unexpected ex-
may encounter risks including unsafe plumbing, unruly custom- cessive flows allow utilities to contact customers to determine
ers, aggressive pets, or dangerous neighborhoods. if the use is valid or possibly a leak, in which case they can re-
Utilizing Mueller Systems Mi.Host software, utilities can schedule motely shut it off.
bulk shutoffs in a way that is convenient for handling the customer Additionally, utilities can proactively enforce “Do Not Use”
service implications of dealing with non-payment. It can also orders with remote shut-off during a contamination event,
quickly reconnect service while the customer is on the phone. reducing the chance of injury or death.
Mueller Systems designed the 420 RDM to utilize a proven With fewer crews and vehicles making routine disconnects
positive displacement metering technology that features a 20-year and reconnects, utility resources can be redirected elsewhere
battery and a nutating disc measurement chamber along with a where maintenance or other work is needed. WW
pilot/diaphragm valve, all within the traditional AWWA 7.5” lay
length for 5/8” and 5/8” x 3/4” water meters. This design allows Mueller Systems, a subsidiary of Mueller Water Products, is a manufacturer and dis-
for easy installation with no plumbing alterations or meter box tributor of advanced metering infrastructure and automatic meter reading technology,
changes. After an intensive review of all valve technologies in- as well as residential, commercial and fire-line meters and related products. Learn more
cluding ball, gate, and butterfly valves, design engineers identified at www.muellersystems.com.
a pilot/diaphragm valve as an ideal choice for a remote disconnect Circle No. 236 on Reader Service Card
Product Index
Page Company Circle Page Company Circle Page Company Circle
PRODUCT P&S1: TANKS & STRUCTURES FILTRATION EQUIPMENT PUMPS
28 Assmann 207 32 ANDRITZ 228 31 Reed Manufacturing Company 222
28 CST Industries 208 32 Alfa Laval 226
28 DN Tanks 209 FLOW, LEVEL & PRESSURE 32 A.W. Chesterton Company 229
28 Environetics Inc. 206
28 Plas-Tanks Industries 210 31 Solinst Canada Ltd. 218 SAMPLING & ANALYSIS INSTRUMENTATION
28 Tank Connection 211 32 Automation Products Inc. – DYNATROL® Division 225
33 Ashcroft® 233 33 Thermo Fisher Scientific 230
PRODUCT P&S2: AERATION & MIXING SYSTEMS MOTORS & DRIVES VALVES, SEALS & RELATED
30 Airmaster Aerator Inc. 213 31 NORD Gear Corporation 219 31 GF Piping Systems 223
30 KLa Systems 217 32 Toshiba Mitsubishi-
30 Komax Systems Inc. 214 Electric Industrial Systems Corporation 224
SHOWCASE
30 Medora Corporation 212 32 Metrix Vibration 227
30 Vaughan 215 6 Badger Meter 205
30 Xylem 216 PIPES, FITTINGS & RELATED 6 HEMCO Corporation 202
31 United Conveyor Corporation 221 6 Littelfuse Inc. 200
DETECTORS, MONITORS & RECORDERS 6 Neptune Technology Group 204
33 Dura-Bar® 232
31 Sensaphone® 220 6 Val-Matic 203
33 Turner Designs 231 6 Watson-Marlow Fluid Technology Group 201
1908WW16.indd 16 7/31/19 3:37 PM

Integrated
Systems
Approach
to Free Chlorine Measurement
BY MICHAEL FRANCIS
W
ater plant professionals know that there are many pochlorite present depends on pH values and, to a slight extent,
decisions to be made in chlorine management on temperature.
and one of the most important is how to measure The reactivity of chlorine and its complex chemistry in an
free chlorine using the technologies available, the most prominent aqueous solution make the measurement of chlorine difficult.
being colorimetric and amperometric sensors. The argument Even under ideal laboratory conditions, results vary with the
centers on whether to use a reagent-based method with its method used, and process instruments can further complicate
need for the continuous resupply of costly chemicals, or to use the situation. Calibration, drift, reliability and maintenance
a reagent-free method and deal with the inherent pH depen- become important issues.
dence problem. Most water treatment plants have made this Two types of process monitors are generally used to mea-
decision for themselves, at least temporarily, but few are com- sure free chlorine in drinking water systems: colorimetric or
pletely content with their choices. amperometric.
THE NATURE OF CHLORINE COLORIMETRIC FREE CHLORINE MEASUREMENT

Regardless of the chlorine source — chlorine gas or sodium In the colorimetric method, chemicals added to the sample
hypochlorite — free chlorine exists as an equilibrium between react with chlorine to produce a color. The darkness of the color
hypochlorous acid and hypochlorite ion as shown in the following is proportional to the amount of chlorine in the sample. The
equation: process instrument measures the color and converts the result
into a parts per million (ppm) chlorine reading.
HOCl = H + + OCl- While many water authorities have used the colorimetric
method, the technology has a number of drawbacks. One is
This is significant because any solution of chlorine gas or reagent consumption. Reagents typically last for 30 to 60 days.
bleach in the water is a mixture of hypochlorous acid and hypo On estimate, reagents for a single system can cost between
chlorite ions. The relative amount of hypochlorous acid or hy- $750 and $1,000 per year. Since most water authorities have
1908WW17-19.indd 17 7/31/19 3:35 PM

Figure 1: Amperometric Sensors
Callouts: Cap first word only

Anode
–V+ –V+
Cathode
Membrane Analyte consumed in chemical reaction Current generated by ion movement
Figure 1: Voltage applied to an electrode causes an electrochemical reaction in which HOCl molecules combine with electrons and are destroyed.
hundreds of water supply systems, annual reagent costs can the concentration. It is important to understand that the sensor
reach hundreds of thousands of dollars. current arises from the reaction of HOCl, not OCl-, at the
However, the big cost of a reagent-based system is not in cathode.
materials alone but also in the manpower required to change, Additionally, pH changes can have a profound effect on the
order, store and track them. Many of the water authority sensor current. Between pH 7.0 and 8.5, the typical range for
systems are far from main roads so the amount of travel time drinking water, the percentage of free chlorine present as HOCl
required is significant. In addition, the colorimetric analyzers drops from 75 percent to 10 percent. Thus, the current would
have a sample conditioning system (a pump to inject reagents, be expected to drop by a factor of 7.5. However, the actual
tubing to carry them, and a mixing device). These parts require drop in current is less. The current is higher than expected
regular monthly maintenance, which
includes cleaning, inspecting and replac-
ing tubing, as well as calibrating and
verifying the system.
Another hidden but considerable cost
associated with colorimetric analyzers
occurs when the reagent runs out. The
residual chlorine can drift below the reg-
ulated level and the system can be put
into alarm mode. Such incidents can cause
the telemetry system to classify the plant
as out of compliance with local and federal
requirements, leading to potential fines
and penalties.
AMPEROMETRIC FREE CHLORINE

MEASUREMENT
Amperometric chlorine sensors are elec-
trochemical devices. A voltage applied to
a metal electrode called the cathode caus-
es an electrochemical reaction in which
HOCl molecules combine with electrons
and are destroyed (see Fig. 1). Because
the concentration of HOCl at the cathode
is zero, HOCl in the bulk solution diffuses
to the cathode, where it too is destroyed.
The continuous destruction of HOCl re-
quires a constant flow of electrons. Thus, The Rosemount™ FCL Free Chlorine Measuring System
the sensor produces a current directly from Emerson is a complete system that measures free
proportional to the diffusion rate. The chlorine in fresh water.
diffusion rate, in turn, is proportional to
1908WW17-19.indd 18 7/31/19 3:35 PM

because of the dynamic equilibrium between HOCl and OCl-. addition, these systems often require a large flow sample,
Loss of HOCl at the cathode upsets the equilibrium, causing overusing water and representing a large ongoing cost.
OCl- to form HOCl. The additional HOCl then reacts at the
cathode, increasing the current. Nevertheless, the current is still AN INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGY APPROACH
a strong function of pH. Water treatment plants are addressing these issues by using
Amperometric technology has many inherent benefits. For an Environmental Protection Agency 334.0-compliant, fully
example, the sensors are relatively free from interference. Man- integrated technology approach, which allows plants to meet
ganese, iron, nitrate, and chromate — substances that interfere the measurement requirement without significant
with other methods — have little influence on amperometric compromise.
sensors. The sensors are low maintenance, although they do In this approach, a chlorine sensor is coordinated with a pH
require periodic cleaning to wash away solids that slowly accu- sensor, with both communicating to a single analyzer in an
mulate on the membrane. Because the technology does not integrated system. In an effective integrated system, the pH
need reagents, amperometric systems do not require the pur- adjustments are made automatically in the system. This type of
chase of costly consumables or ongoing maintenance of the a solution eliminates the need to purchase and incorporate two
reagents, and these systems reduce errors due to depletion of separate systems. In addition, it’s important that the system
reagents. The one significant issue is the need for pH measure- include a flow column in order to control flow rates, enable
ment and compensation. off-gassing, and reduce water consumption.
A review of relative costs between a colorimetric system and
an integrated amperometric technology reveals that the initial
integrated system cost would be higher. However, when con-
SUBSTANCES THAT sidering the ongoing costs of reagents, the total operating costs
are reduced by 17 percent, and labor requirements by 90 percent,
interfere with other methods (manganese, iron, nitrate
over a three-year period.
and chromate) have little influence on amperometric
sensors. Table 1: Water Usage Comparison
Water Usage (3 years) Conventional Integrated Amperometric

Chlorine System Free Chlorine System
Sample Flowrate (GPH) 7.9 3.0
DEALING WITH PH IN AMPEROMETRIC SYSTEMS
Water Used 207,612 Gallons 78,840 Gallons
Although free chlorine is a mixture of HOCl and OCl-, the
current generated by an amperometric free chlorine sensor 128,772 Gallons Saved!
depends primarily on the concentration of HOCl in the sample.

This means that if the pH of the sample changes from the value A more significant advantage can be gained when the water
it had when the sensor was calibrated, the chlorine reading will savings are considered. At an industry standard flow rate of 7.9
be in error. The errors can be quite large, as much as 20 or gallons per hour (GPH), conventional chlorine systems use almost
30 percent per unit change in pH. Because the ratio of HOCl 208,000 gallons in three years, but an integrated amperometric
decreases as pH increases, the increase in pH causes the current system with the flow column at 3.0 GPH uses approximately
(and the apparent chlorine concentration) to drop. 79,000 gallons — a dramatic savings of 128,772 gallons (see
One way to handle pH dependence is to treat the sample Table 1).
with an acid, typically vinegar, to lower the pH below approx- It is also significant to note that water from chemical systems
imately 5.5, where free chlorine exists only as HOCl. This is an contains reagents that require additional treatment for removal.
accepted technique and is used by many manufacturers. The In this way, the integrated amperometric solution provides cost
drawback, of course, is the need for chemical pretreatment of savings as well as environmental advantages.
the sample. Using this solution for pH dependence largely Amperometric technology has such obvious advantages for
eliminates the primary benefit of using a reagent-free amper- water plants that it’s worth examining efficient ways to make
ometric sensor. the technology work for free chlorine measurement. An inte-
Amperometric analyzers can be made reagent-free by using grated systems approach is one such solution. WW
an auxiliary pH sensor that measures the sample pH. The analyzer
uses the pH measurement to correct the raw chlorine signal for About the Author: Michael Francis is global product manager at Emerson. Learn more
changes caused by pH. The disadvantages are that the user at www.emerson.com/RosemountFCL.
may have to purchase and implement an additional pH mea- Circle No. 237 on Reader Service Card
surement system to accompany the amperometric device. In
1908WW17-19.indd 19 7/31/19 3:35 PM

The conformity assessment standard (NSF/ANSI 223) sets minimum
requirements for the frequency of monitoring tests for treatment chemi-
cals and facility audits of chemical manufacturing and distribution facil-
ities. Photos courtesy of NSF International.
This standard, NSF/ANSI 223: Conformity Assessment Require-

ments for Certification Bodies that Certify Products Pursuant to
NSF/ANSI/CAN 60: Drinking Water Treatment Chemicals-Health
Effects, sets minimum requirements to be used by conformity
assessment organizations when testing and certifying products
to NSF/ANSI/CAN 60.
Currently, 49 states require drinking water treatment chemicals
to comply with NSF/ANSI/CAN 60. In 40 of these states, drinking
water treatment chemicals are required to be certified through a
Standard establishes minimum
third-party product certifier accredited by the American National
requirements for health effects Standards Institute (ANSI). In Canada, most provincial drinking
testing, monitoring water regulatory agencies require treatment chemicals to be
Ensuring the Safety of

Water Treatment Chemicals
BY BLAKE STARK
T
hrough the Safe Drinking Water Act, the U.S. EPA es- certified through an organization accredited by the Standards
tablishes standards for drinking water quality and, with Council of Canada (SCC).
its partners, implements various technical and financial
programs to ensure drinking water safety. U.S. state drinking water BACKGROUND
regulatory agencies enforce drinking water regulations and monitor Responding to concerns that five years may be too long be-
water supply operations in each state. tween retesting, the California Code of Regulations (CCR) was
One key resource to help facilitate this is NSF/ANSI/CAN 60: updated in 2008 to require annual monitoring/evaluation of
Drinking Water Treatment Chemicals–Health Effects. First devel- drinking water treatment chemicals to NSF/ANSI/CAN 60.
oped in 1988, this standard establishes minimum requirements to In 2009, a Conformity Assessment Task Group, a sub-group
control potential adverse human health effects from products used of the Drinking Water Treatment Chemicals Joint Committee,
in the treatment, storage and distribution of drinking water. which oversees NSF/ANSI/CAN 60, began working to establish
Product monitoring requirements and evaluation frequencies a standard to contain minimum criteria for certifiers of treatment
of treatment chemicals can vary widely, based on the policies chemicals. The task group was comprised of water utility personnel,
and practices of third-party certification organizations. Prompted drinking water supply regulators and ANSI-accredited Standard
by concerns that some certification bodies require annual re- 60 product certifiers, as well as manufacturers and distributors of
testing of treatment chemicals while others allow up to five water treatment chemicals.
years between product retests, a new standard was developed. As an immediate step, a conformity assessment section containing
What Is the Transparency International Corruption Perceptions Index?

Transparency International’s (TI) Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) aids international businesses in understanding the conditions they will face in
different countries where they conduct business. Conducted annually since 1995, the index sources 16 independent surveys of countries. A country
must appear in at least three of these sources for a score to be calculated. A score of 50 or lower on the CPI indicates that corruption is a significant
factor in conducting business in that country.
1908WW20-21.indd 20 7/31/19 3:35 PM

minimum product testing and facility inspection requirements was
added to NSF/ANSI/CAN 60. This was followed for several years
until a separate standard containing requirements for third-party
certifiers of treatment chemical products was developed.
PURPOSE AND SCOPE OF NSF/ANSI 223

First published in 2012, NSF/ANSI 223 sets minimum require-
ments to be used by conformity assessment organizations when Scientists conduct water quality tests at NSF International, headquar-
testing and certifying products to NSF/ANSI/CAN 60. These tered in Ann Arbor, Mich.
requirements are supplemental to those contained in ISO/IEC
17065 and do not replace the requirements of the ISO standard. reduce this to an annual audit frequency if:
NSF/ANSI 223 requirements include documentation reviews, • It has demonstrated and maintained 36 consecutive months
product testing and facility inspections conducted during sur- of no NSF/ANSI/CAN 60-related audit deficiencies; or
veillance. Minimum facility inspection requirements are also • It is registered to one of the following quality or environ-
defined. In addition, an informative annex has been included mental management standards by a third-party registrar
to provide examples of conformity assessment activities drawn (that is accredited by an International Accreditation Forum
from the experiences of accredited NSF/ANSI/CAN 60 product signatory): ISO 9001, ISO 14000/14001, American Chem-
certifiers. Two major sections of NSF/ANSI 223 cover product istry Council’s Responsible Care Management System® or
testing and facility audits. the National Association of Chemical Distributors’ Code of
Management Practice; or
Product Testing • It is part of a wholly-owned global business entity or joint
Each chemical product certified to NSF/ANSI/CAN 60 must venture where all parties are operating under a quality
be sampled and tested at least once per calendar year. This management plan as described above.
required analysis includes the chemistry-specific parameters
identified in NSF/ANSI/CAN 60 as well as any additional Facilities that repackage/distribute material supplied by a facility
parameters (if applicable) assigned during the product’s for- located in a country with a TI CPI score under 50 must be audited
mulation review. Within each chemical family, the product at least twice per calendar year. The certification body has the
with the highest concentration may be tested as the repre- option to reduce the inspection frequency to once per calendar
sentative of a series of analogous lower-concentration products. year if the supplying facility meets one of the following criteria:
Also, for a facility that blends, dilutes, dissolves, repackages • The supplier to the facility receives audits from a certification
or transfers products (where each of the original/incoming body accredited by an International Accreditation Forum
source products is certified on its own), at least one product signatory.
sample per facility will be tested on an annual basis. • The chemical repackager/distributor has an alternate method
acceptable to the certification body, which provides a mech-
Facility Audits anism to verify that no changes have been made to the
NSF/ANSI 223 establishes minimum audit content/scope supplied product.
criteria including validation of product formulations, review
of production records and product sampling. It also establishes CONCLUSION
minimum audit frequencies for certified facilities. Each certified The public deserves a uniform approach to the evaluation of
chemical production or distribution facility must be audited drinking water treatment chemicals for health effects. All states
at least once per calendar year. Facilities with severe and/or are encouraged to require compliance to the NSF/ANSI 223
repeated non-compliances related to NSF/ANSI/CAN 60 conformity assessment standard for NSF/ANSI/CAN 60 product
certification must be audited at least once per quarter for 36 certification organizations. This ensures that minimum compliance
months. In addition, NSF/ANSI 223 prescribes an increased activities are followed in the evaluation of drinking water treatment
audit frequency for many facilities internationally. Transparency chemicals during the initial certification process and during future
International’s Corruption Perceptions Index (TI CPI, see monitoring and surveillance of these products. WW
sidebar) is used as a baseline for establishing the audit fre-
quencies of NSF/ANSI/CAN 60 certified facilities. About the Author: Blake Stark is general manager of chemicals and media in the water
Facilities located in countries that have a score of less than division at NSF International, a global public health organization based in Ann Arbor, Mich.
50 on the TI CPI, or that lack a score on this index, must be For more information or to request a copy of NSF/ANSI 223, contact him at stark@nsf.org.
audited at least twice per calendar year. The facility may Circle No. 238 on Reader Service Card
1908WW20-21.indd 21 7/31/19 3:35 PM

Disinfection
in De Soto Parish
Pretreament method delivers more benefits for Louisiana water utility
BY LOUISA GRAHAM
F
or John Neilson, administrator of
DeSoto Parish Waterworks, find-
ing the right disinfection solution
was critical. Not only did the water oper-
ator have to comply with new emergency
disinfection rules, which more than dou-
bled the required total chlorine residual,
as well as Stage 2 disinfection by-products
(DBP) regulations, DeSoto Parish also had
to find a way to quickly eliminate the dead-
ly Naegleria fowleri parasite from its dis-
tribution system.
The DeSoto Parish Waterworks in Lou-
isiana has a long, proud history of deliv-
ering safe, clean water to its community
Using MIEX as a pretreatment offered DeSoto Parish Waterworks’
treatment plant up to 35 percent additional DOC reduction.
“WE HAVE ACHIEVED
of approximately 4,500 residents. Like many waterworks, the
twice the chlorine residuals and lowered our DBPs using
increasing pressure to find the right solution to the amassing
half of the chlorine dosage compared to prior [treatment issues, regulations and compliance requirements was
methods].” paramount.
And for DeSoto Parish, trials of various methods had proven
costly. Historically, the district had invested in various methods
of enhancing its drinking water plant treat-
ment — including membrane filtration
— and had spent sizable amounts of mon-
ey on chemicals such as chlorine dioxide,
caustic, and ammonia to provide its citizens
with the best drinking water possible.
The Parish administration decided that
the best way to avoid many of the pitfalls
of chloramination, such as nitrification,
poor-tasting and odorous water, and
growth of Naegleria fowleri, was to con-
vert back to free chlorine for disinfection.
The challenge was how to reduce organ-
MIEX technology uses an ion exchange resin
as a pretreatment to remove target contami-
nants from water and wastewater streams.
1908WW22-23.indd 22 7/31/19 3:35 PM

by the utility. In effect, the MIEX pretreat-
ment allowed the plant to “high rate” its
existing flocculation-sedimentation pro-
cess and resulted in longer membrane run
time and fewer cleanings.
The District is still reducing chlorine
levels entering the distribution system as
the demand continues to lower, and early
DBP samples show compliance. As well
as eradicating Naegleria fowleri from its
water, the plant is confident of providing
clean, safe drinking water to the commu-
nity. WW
John Neilson, administrator of DeSoto Parish Waterworks, meets with Ellen Gaby, vice president About the Author: Louisa Graham is global head of
of sales for Ixom Watercare. corporate affairs for Ixom and Ixom Watercare. She has
worked in a range of industries, including large-scale
ics even further so that free chlorine to pretreating with MIEX,” Neilson said. construction, telecommunications and energy, bringing
could be used without violating Stage 2 One of the side benefits of MIEX pre- expertise and experience to each role to help companies
DBP regulations. treatment for this plant was an improve- deliver on their brand for customers. She is passionate
Initially, the Parish experimented with ment in the size and structure of the floc about the delivery of safe, clean water through innovation
MIEX® resin to see what effect the pre- and its ability to settle out in the existing and development.
treatment of water using fluidized anion sedimentation basins at the flow required Circle No. 239 on Reader Service Card
exchange would have on the water supply.
MIEX technology uses an ion exchange
resin as a pretreatment to remove target
contaminants from water and wastewater
streams. This pretreatment process is in-
dependent of particulates, pH, and many
oxidants (such as permanganate) and
reduces dissolved organic carbon (DOC)
and total oxygen demand (TOD) in water,
leading to a reduction in the formation of
DBPs. Using this process prior to coagu-
lation, filtration, and disinfection often
lowers total net operational costs while
conforming to regulatory goals.
Using MIEX as a pretreatment offered
DeSoto Parish Waterworks’ treatment plant
up to 35 percent additional DOC reduction
when compared to treatment using chlo-
rine dioxide, alum, and caustic. In contrast,
after MIEX pretreatment, the alum dose
decreased 50 percent, and chlorine dioxide
and ammonia were not necessary, deliv-
ering efficient cost savings. Free chlorine
is now reaching parts of the distribution
system that haven’t seen it in years.
“We have achieved twice the chlorine
residuals and lowered our DBPs using half
of the chlorine dosage compared to prior
TankCon_WW_1903 1 2/11/19 1:18 PM
1908WW22-23.indd 23 7/31/19 3:35 PM

waterconnections
Presented by RELINER®/Duran Inc.
Sewer Infrastructure
Repair and Construction
S
ewer drops in manholes have traditionally been The system consists of a fi-
constructed using a variety of techniques that have berglass drop bowl that is
proven troublesome over time. High costs, suscep- bolted to the manhole wall
tibility to clogging and failure, and accessibility issues for inspec- just beneath the high-level
inflow pipe.
tion, cleaning, and maintenance are just some of these issues.
The RELINER®/Duran Inc. Inside Drop System was designed
to address all of these issues and control flow using simple, The RELINER® system is
cost-effective, readily available components. The system consists easy to install and allows
of a fiberglass drop bowl that is bolted to the manhole wall just the drop to be cleaned and
beneath the high-level inflow pipe. Stainless-steel pipe support inspected from above. The system is available to accommodate
brackets are used to attach the drop pipe to the wall. The drop internal drops ranging from 4” to 24” in diameter. RELINER®
bowl does not touch the incoming pipe and protrudes minimally products are made in the USA. WW
into the structure. The resulting drop pipe is just off the manhole
wall and securely fastened. A flexible coupler is used to connect RELINER®/Duran Inc. is a Connecticut-based manufacturer dedicated to providing
the drop pipe to the drop bowl, and a bend is installed at the simple, cost-effective, durable products for use in the wastewater and construction
pipe base in the manhole invert. An optional force line hood is industries. To learn more, visit www.reliner.com
available for high-velocity applications. Circle No. 240 on Reader Service Card
RELINER® / Duran Inc

Inside Drop System
The RELINER® Inside
Drop System is the solution RELINER® Drop Bowl
Fits any Structure
to troublesome outside
drops and interior tee’s. Flexible Pipe Coupler*
Simple to install, cost RELINER® Stainless
effective, reduces Steel Pipe Support
maintenance, and
simpliﬁes cleaning Drop Pipe*
Any Length Drop
RELINER® Stainless
Steel Pipe Support
Stainless Pipe Bend at Outlet*

Orient as desired
Supports
*Supplied by others
Available in type
304 & 316 Stainless
www.reliner.com AIS
From service connections
to manhole and wetwell
1-800-508-6001
Certifiable
drops, rely on
Made In USA RELINER®
24 August | 2019
1908WW_DuranRel 1 www.waterworld.com
6/26/19 2:37 PM
1908WW24-27.indd 24 7/31/19 3:35 PM

waterconnections
Presented by Neptune Technology Group
Confidently Manage, Share,

and Secure Your Data
Software-as-a-Service lends deeper understanding
W
ith Software-as-a-Service Through detailed reporting a utility can
(SaaS) water utilities can gain stay on top of issues that could impact
a deeper understanding of the revenue. Users can quickly identify areas
data they collect while also managing, shar- of concern or look for trends to maximize
ing and securing that information more easily. operational efficiencies, plan rate struc-
With SaaS, a utility can gather and analyze tures, and implement usage initiatives. The
more data from more sources to empower information collected can help reduce
faster, more informed decisions. non-revenue water and aid utility conser-
vation initiatives.
BUILD ON CAPABILITIES AS
NEEDS CHANGE SECURE DATA THAT YOU OWN
A software application that grows with A subscription-based solution can free
the utility can be a major advantage. The a utility from having to host and update
move from mobile meter reading to an AMI software and worry about server mainte-
network, and beyond, can be virtually seam- nance and data security. Data is stored in
less with SaaS. A modular-based platform the cloud, backed by a large-scale data
makes it simple to turn on new features as Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) can give water center with staff to identify, deter, and
needs evolve without the need for IT sup- utilities a deeper understanding of the data combat cyber threats. A SaaS solution pro-
port. A SaaS solution also affords more they collect while also managing, sharing and vides a single source of secure, accurate
freedom to build upon existing assets, when securing that information more easily. data entry and access for all meter reading
and where needed. The total cost of own- system types — AMR, AMI or hybrid.
ership is typically lower with SaaS than on-premise server deploy- The software is hosted and managed by a third party, with
ment, with less strain on limited budgets and IT resources. no installation required. All that’s needed is an Internet browser
to log on and access data anywhere, at any time. SaaS removes
SHARE AND ANALYZE DATA the burden of implementing disaster recovery plans, leaving
With cloud-based SaaS, utilities can share and leverage large coordination and resolution to the data center.
volumes of data, empowering collaboration and helping predict
impacts. This type of platform can utilize APIs (Application REDUCE TRUCK ROLLS, ELIMINATE SPECIALIZED DEVICES
Programming Interfaces) to seamlessly integrate meter data, Water utilities no longer have to send meter readers out for
event data, and alerts directly with existing systems or applica- weeks at a time to capture data. When personnel go to perform
tions, such as work order systems, customer portals, billing a radio frequency test for signal strength or exception readings
systems, or hydraulic modeling applications. on site, they can do so using their existing Android or iOS cell
Field personnel can share information directly with water phones or tablets for those tasks. They can then connect to the
consumers, responding to high water bill complaints and showing cloud and sync up stored data online, in real time, without
the time and date when a possible leak started. Usage for indi- having to go back into the office.
vidual accounts is easily translated into simple graphs and charts With SaaS technology, utilities can concentrate on providing
that can be emailed. In addition to pinpointing locations of possible consumers with clean drinking water. Win your day for your
leaks, backflows, or unauthorized water consumption, a utility utility using a cloud-based SaaS platform. WW
can analyze a specific customer’s consumption activity history for
reverse flow conditions or unexplained continuous flows. Trending Learn more about Neptune’s SaaS solution, Neptune® 360™, at
chart views illustrate usage for a given time span and customer neptunetg.com/neptune360.
service calls can be resolved with confidence. Circle No. 241 on Reader Service Card
1908WW24-27.indd 25 7/31/19 3:35 PM

waterconnections
Presented by SUEZ
Membranes for
Any Flow Rate
SUEZ ships over one million membrane modules
F
or more than 20 years, SUEZ’s immersed ZeeWeed ZeeWeed 500D is ideal for
500 membranes have served customers in drinking large municipal and industrial
water, wastewater and water reuse applications. customers who need reliability
The ZeeWeed 500 product family offers flexibility to treat and performance.
any flow rate, from mega plants down to ultra-low flows:

• ZeeWeed 500D is ideal for large municipal and industrial “ZeeWeed membranes were introduced nearly three decades
customers who need reliability and performance. ago, and we have continually evolved, improved and innovated,”
• ZeeWeed 500S offers small, simple systems that easily fit said Greg Brickett, VP and global ZeeWeed business line leader.
into existing facilities for added capacity or retrofits systems “The one millionth benchmark shows that we are providing the
with reliable and flexible configurations. right solutions to our customers, and we’re grateful for their
• ZeeWeed 500M uses a micro-flow configuration that pro- trust in ZeeWeed.” WW
vides the same quality and performance of larger ZeeWeed
systems, designed for lab and bench-scale set-ups. For more information on ZeeWeed products and SUEZ Water Technologies &
This year, SUEZ celebrated the customers who helped the Solutions visit www.suezwatertechnologies.com/lp-millionth-module.
company reach the milestone of over one million ZeeWeed 500 Circle No. 242 on Reader Service Card
modules shipped.
Water Technologies & Solutions
thanks to our customers –

SUEZ ships over one million
membrane modules!
Our customers helped us reach a milestone!
We celebrate shipping over one million ZeeWeed ZeeWeed 500 membranes are
500 membrane modules.
The ZeeWeed 500 product family helps our trusted everywhere to produce
customers enhance water treatment efficiency and
water quality. Whether treating drinking water for
a municipality or wastewater for reuse, SUEZ Water
clean water and wastewater.
Technologies & Solutions provides innovation to To learn more visit
reduce lifecycle costs, meet environmental goals, https://www.suezwatertechnologies.com/LP-Millionth-Module
and provide high quality water.
Thanks to all our ZeeWeed 500 customers who
helped us reach this milestone and produce clean
water worldwide.
*Trademark of SUEZ; may be registered in one or more countries.
1908WW_SuezWat 26
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7/31/19 2:16 PM
PM
waterconnections
Presented by Xypex
Concrete Waterproofing
in Bend, Oregon
O
n paper, Bend, Oregon’s $3.8 million North Area Xypex Crystalline Technology for waterproofing concrete is specified and used on
Sewer Improvements project seems like a routine, thousands of projects around the globe. Learn more at www.xypex.com.
albeit very large, effort to update aging sewer in- Circle No. 243 on Reader Service Card
frastructure. However, the rebuild and
rehabilitation efforts are driving change to
some conventional practices.
The project includes the culmination of Concrete Waterproofing
a five-year effort to resolve a microbial-in-
duced corrosion (MIC) problem caused by by Crystallization
hydrogen sulfide gas in the sewer system
and especially at the manholes.
Throughout the project, Joe Floyd, own-
er of Joe Floyd & Sons, a leading precast
concrete manufacturer in the Northwest,
took on a principal role in finding a practical
and high-performing answer to the
problem.
“We were looking for alternatives to new
city and county specifications for the man-
ufacture and installation of sewer man-
holes,” Floyd said. “The challenge has been
to find an effective solution that’s affordable,
easily installed and locally accessible. That’s
where crystalline waterproofing entered the
picture.”
Xypex can be incorporated into any lift
station or concrete structure to be installed
in an area with potential MIC issues.
By using Xypex crystalline waterproofing
instead of the polymer-coated systems, the Xypex Crystalline Technology waterproofs and protects concrete in water and
City of Bend has saved thousands of dollars wastewater facilities from harsh chemical attack. For new and rehabilitated
on every manhole. WW structures, Xypex Crystalline Technology is an effective and permanent solution,
significantly extending the service life of concrete.
dule Concrete Xypex Crystallization Xypex Crystallization

(Untreated) (Initiated) (Mature)
Bend, Oregon’s North Area Sewer Improve-
ments project is the culmination of a five-year Electron Microscope Images are the property and copyright of Xypex Chemical Corporation.
effort to resolve a microbial-induced corrosion

problem caused by hydrogen sulfide gas in the
sewer system and the manholes. www.xypex.com
www.waterworld.com
August | 2019 27
Xypex_WW_1809 1 8/16/18 3:40 PM
9 2:16 PM 1908WW24-27.indd 27 7/31/19 3:35 PM

Products & Services: Tanks & Structures
Tank covers AWWA D110 Type I tanks

Defender™ Tank Covers are DN Tanks has over 90 years of experience designing and constructing
custom manufactured from tanks for various applications. The company’s tanks are all AWWA Stan-
industrial-grade materials to fit dard D110 prestressed con-
the profile of your new or exist- crete, built utilizing a cylin-
ing wastewater treatment or drical concrete wall placed
potable water tanks. Odorous in permanent compression.
gas emissions from wastewater treatment facilities generate complaints AWWA D110 Type I tanks
from local residents and are subject to the Clean Air Act Amendments of are constructed utilizing a cast-in-place concrete wall, horizontal strand
1990. Defender™ odor control covers contain volatile organic compounds prestressing, and vertical post-tensioning. The tank wall is placed in per-
at their source. Low-profile, structurally supported covers minimize emis- manent compression, accomplished by horizontal prestressing.
sion treatment volume to reduce the cost of air filtration equipment. DN Tanks
Eliminate the ongoing expense of applying costly odor control chemicals www.dntanks.com
through atomizers and misters. Circle No. 209 on Reader Service Card
Environetics Inc.
www.environeticsinc.com Fiberglass reinforced tanks
Circle No. 206 on Reader Service Card Plas-Tanks Industries offers shop-built,
shop-built and field-assembled, and
Vertical bulk storage tanks field-fabricated fiberglass reinforced
Assmann vertical storage tanks (ICT, ACT, plastic (FRP) vessels. FRP tanks feature
IFT) are rotationally molded from your no seams to weld and lighter weight,
choice of virgin high-density crosslink or so you use less costly lifting equipment.
FDA-compliant linear polyethylene. They Maintenance is minimized because
are semi-translucent with gallon markers FRP will not rust or corrode. Exterior
and access openings molded-in. Either is more corrosion- and chemical- painting is not required and cleaning
resistant than fiberglass, stainless or mild steel. Assmann plastic bulk stor- requires only a periodic wash with
age tanks are one-piece, seamless molded units, designed with wall thick- water. The Plasta-Therm heat retention system offers freeze protection
nesses conforming to ASTM D-1998 standards for liquid storage and have when temperature control is critical to a process. Shop-built vessels can
narrow diameters for space-saving in-plant use. Available in natural color be field assembled up to 35’ diameter, with maximum height unlimit-
or optional blue, green, yellow or black. ed in the field. Field-fabricated vessels can be designed with unlimited
Assmann diameter and height.
www.assmann-usa.com Plas-Tanks Industries
Circle No. 207 on Reader Service Card www.plastanks.com
Coated epoxy
tanks Water storage tanks
CST’s TecTank systems Tank Connection is a
are a comprehensive global storage tank sup-
storage solution for any plier that designs, man-
material. TecTank stor- ufactures and installs all
age systems can be manufactured, erected and in operation up to three four types of steel water
times faster than field-welded or concrete applications. Every tank is man- storage tanks includ-
ufactured in a factory-controlled environment. The result is a precise steel ing bolted RTP storage tanks, field-welded storage tanks, shop-welded
panel production teamed with an optimized coating process. TecTanks are storage tanks, and hybrid storage tank design. The company’s precision
custom engineered to customer specifications, designed using state-of- RTP (rolled, tapered panel) construction is the only bolted tank design
the-art CAD and stress modeling tools, and then manufactured in one of that is recognized as a replacement for field-weld storage tank construc-
five ISO 9001:2015 certified manufacturing facilities located in the U.S. tion. Bolted tanks are available in sizes up to 8.2 million gallons (95 up to
and Europe. Preconfigured models are available in 4 standard sizes. 30,284 cubic meters).
CST Industries Tank Connection
www.cstindustries.com www.tankconnection.com
1908WW28-30.indd 28 7/31/19 3:35 PM PWStor

Top Ten Reasons to Attend StormCon 2019
• Professional Development • Exhibits & Field Trips
• Best Content & Speakers • Five-Star Food & Events
• Great Networking Opportunities • Beautiful Location
• Flexible Conference Schedule • The Granddaddy of Them All
• Technical & User Experience Tracks • Best Value Available
Register Today
www.StormCon.com
1908WW28-30.indd
PWStorm_WW_1906 291 7/31/19
4/15/19 3:35
1:33 PM
PM
Products & Services: Aeration & Mixing Systems
Lagoon mixers Sludge mixing

GridBee® and SolarBee® lagoon Vaughan’s Rotamix® system is a reliable, cost-
mixers from Medora Corporation effective means of mechanical hydraulic mixing
can help improve your treatment for sludge tanks, digesters and other high-volume
and overall water quality. Utilizing applications. The Rotamix system uses fixed-nozzle
power sources that best suit your assemblies. Once the nozzle assembly is installed,
needs (solar, grid, or air) and efficient the nozzles are adjusted to the factory-specified
motor/mixing drive systems, the mix- angle and permanently tightened. No addition-
ers pull in water at the desired depth al adjustment is required. Nozzle assemblies are
from all corners of the basin and pro- offered in single- and double-nozzle (patent pend-
vide effective mixing to a predetermined depth. Save aeration energy, ing) configurations, depending on tank diameter and depth. All fittings are
reduce odors and comply with regulations. ductile cast iron and glass-lined for abrasion resistance, reduced friction,
Medora Corporation and to eliminate struvite adhesion.
www.medoraco.com Vaughan
Circle No. 212 on Reader Service Card www.chopperpumps.com
Infusion aeration technology
Airmaster Aerator’s 25 HP Turbo X-Treme IAT is a high-efficiency, floating/ Adaptable wastewater mixer
surface aerator that can Xylem’s Flygt 4220 mixer enhances the resilience and sustainability
pump 5,000,000 gallons of of wastewater treatment plants, enabling operators to easily manage
water per day. It incorpo- changing mixing conditions by sim-
rates a “turbo” blower and ply adjusting the mixer output. As
a double-sided impeller to the Flygt 4220 can be controlled to
achieve high-capacity water deliver only the output required, a
movement with maximum plant’s energy consumption can be
aeration and mixing. It dis- significantly reduced. Plant operators
rupts the molecular structure can easily modify the mixer output
and infuses air into the wastewater. The air-infused wastewater is then via a tank-side control panel, a pro-
discharged from both the right and left side of the aerator and mixed grammable controller or plant-wide
from the top of the basin to the bottom. This creates a complete mix of control system to match current mixing needs. Additionally, the mixer fea-
air-infused wastewater in the basin without increasing the temperature of tures a number of auto-correction functions, including overload control to
the wastewater. protect the equipment and secure process results.
Airmaster Aerator Inc. Xylem
www.airmasteraerator.com www.xylem.com
Triple-action mixer Jet mixing

The Komax Triple Action Mixer features very high mixing efficiency with KLa Jet Mixers are widely used in both municipal and industrial wastewa-
short mixing length. The mixer achieves high efficiency through triple- ter treatment facilities to blend the plant influent and suspend light organ-
action mixing. Designed for use where addi- ic solids in circular equalization tanks.
tives to the main pipeline flow have already Other applications for these hydraulic
been introduced upstream of the mixer, a mixers include mixing anoxic tanks
unique flow straightener is built right into and anaerobic reactors (with the latter
each mixer to eliminate any downstream application being for industrial waste
centrifugal effects. This allows sensing probes to be located directly down- streams only). Features include: flexibility of operation and configuration
stream of the unit. Custom configurations of these mixers are available in small- and large-diameter tanks, highly corrosion- and abrasion-resis-
and include multiple ports, different end fittings including grooved and tant in-basin components, the use of a simple external pumping systems,
plain ends, and different-style mixing elements. and a 20-plus-year design life.
Komax Systems Inc. KLa Systems
www.komax.com http://klasystems.com
1908WW28-30.indd 30 7/31/19 3:35 PM

New Products
Water level temperature meter Cast iron fittings

The 201 Water Level Temperature Meter from Solinst SPARTAN™ Fittings from United
is designed for measuring water level and con- Conveyor Corporation are made
ducting temperature profiling. Tape lengths are from abrasion-resistant white cast
available up to 600 m (2000 ft). Temperature iron (DURITE® H) material for lon-
measurements are from -20˚C to 125˚C with ger life and improved performance.
an accuracy of +/-0.1˚C from -5˚C to +50˚C A lug is integrated into the casting
(+/-0.5˚C outside that range). Water levels on each end of a SPARTAN Fitting
are read from durable, chemical-resistant flat to allow it to be securely fastened to plain end pipe. This lug is used in
tape, which is accurately laser-marked every mm or 1/100 ft. Tape hangs conjunction with a unique locking flange clamp that eliminates the use of
straight, irrespective of temperature. pipe supports around the fitting.
Solinst Canada Ltd. United Conveyor Corporation
www.solinst.com www.unitedconveyor.com
Torque monitoring Cordless power water transfer pump

NORD Gear Corporation’s TORQUE- The REED Pump Stick™ with cordless power provides a portable, jobsite
PROTECT™ is a gearbox torque moni- friendly way to remove water. Use with operator’s own 18-20 V battery
toring system designed for wastewater by replacing the battery adapt-
treatment facilities, power generation er plate with one designed
plants and other industries that require for common, slide style bat-
extreme low-speed, high-torque drives. teries. Features a hard shell,
The NORD TORQUEPROTECT system aluminum main body shaft.
provides real-time load monitoring and For safety, the on/off switch
continuous feedback to give operators is sealed and water-resistant.
complete visibility and control over the entire torque performance process. To protect the impeller, choose
Unlike traditional spring load monitoring systems that can only provide from multiple screens, strainers
readings at specified maximum load ratings, TORQUEPROTECT delivers and filters to suit the application. Long, slim design allows the operator to
continuous feedback, which allows users to know when loads are trending place the pump deep into small cavities. Pump lifts water up to 12 feet.
higher or lower than expected and take corrective action as needed. Reed Manufacturing Company
NORD Gear Corporation www.reedmfgco.com
www.nord.com Circle No. 222 on Reader Service Card
Lead-free brass valves
LTE cellular modem GF Piping Systems’ Pres-
To ensure continuous monitoring of critical equipment and environmental sure Reducing Valves Type
conditions where an Ethernet connection is inaccessible, Sensaphone® has 1319 and 1339 offer a 416
introduced an LTE cellular modem with battery backup for its Stratus EMS, stainless-steel floating seat
Sentinel and Sentinel PRO cloud-based remote monitoring systems. With and modular construction,
the LTE cellular modem, users can operate a allowing for a more com-
cloud-based Sensaphone system anywhere pact size. The EPDM dia-
a cellular signal is available. It features a phragm and seals provide
lockable, IP65-rated weatherproof housing superior resistance to strong and oxidizing disinfectants such as chlorine.
that ensures operation when exposed to Available in sizes 1/2” to 2 1/2”, these valves handle hot water tempera-
harsh outdoor environments or continuous tures up to 158°F, inlet pressures up to 357 psi, and comply with NSF 61
moisture. The unit’s external antenna allows and NSF 372. Other outstanding characteristics include a choice of two
it to receive a cellular signal even in enclosed pressure control ranges, easy cleaning, and downstream pressure gauge
areas that otherwise might limit reception. ports standard on both sides.
Sensaphone® GF Piping Systems
www.sensaphone.com www.gfps.com
1908WW31-34.indd 31 7/31/19 3:34 PM

New Products
All weather enclosure Velocity transmitter

Toshiba Mitsubishi-Electric Industrial Systems Corporation (TMEIC) has The ST5484E-SW is a loop-powered seismic
released TMdrive-Guardian, a thermal management solution for air- velocity transmitter and configurable switch.
cooled VFD. Rated for The compact vibration switch incorporates a
NEMA Type 3R, this enclo- piezoelectric accelerometer, signal integra-
sure is designed for a wide tor, RMS or peak detector, 4-20 mA signal
variety of applications such conditioner and a digital microcontroller into
as new installs, retrofits, a single package. It is mounted directly on
energy audit upgrades, and a machine case or bearing housing without
reactive power compensa- disturbing the signal conditioning equipment. Applications include: con-
tion. The self-sufficient enclosure eliminates the need to house the drive in fined areas such as cooling towers or where water ingression is reduced to
a temperature-controlled industrial control building or E-house. zero. Designed for areas with insufficient room to mount a larger mechan-
Toshiba Mitsubishi-Electric Industrial Systems Corporation ical or electrical switch.
www.tmeic.com Metrix Vibration
Circle No. 224 on Reader Service Card www.metrixvibration.com
Small-vessel proportional level detector
The Dynatrol® CL-10GP Proportional Level Detector is designed spe- Fine screens
cifically to control liquid levels in pilot plants, processing, small vessels, ANDRITZ’s Aqua-Screen T toothing sys-
or anywhere it is necessary tem allows effective, two-
dimensional
to obtain proportional level fine screening and a lifting capacity
control over a precise range. (dimensions/quantity). It can be adapted
The EC-103C(G) Control to suit any application. Benefits include:
Unit is paired with the Detec- pop-out/pop-in modular filter racks that
tor and can activate electro- can be replaced easily from the front
pneumatic transducers, valve of the screen for ease of maintenance;
positioners, indicators, con- improved teeth design allowing increased
trollers or other DC current devices. Together, they accurately moni- screening and lifting capacity; improved
tor and control an extremely precise liquid level range due to a unique capture rate; and fewer wear parts. The
high-resolution, proportional output signal. screen can be adapted to handle the most challenging applications, and is
Automation Products Inc. – DYNATROL® Division available in off-channel, tank-mounted version.
www.dynatrolusa.com ANDRITZ
Circle No. 225 on Reader Service Card www.andritz.com
Twin screw pump
The Alfa Laval Twin Screw Pump is designed for handling fluids that Pump packing
are sensitive, abrasive, and either high or low viscosity. It is quiet and Chesterton’s DualPac® 2212 is a new
virtually pulse-free, as well as being smooth and gentle during oper- non-staining, high-pressure packing that
ation. These characteristics resists burning and extrusion. DualPac
make the pump an excellent 2212 combines a burn-resistant mate-
choice for handling sensitive rial (white) on the sealing side with a
products. The pump is capa- highly resilient outer fiber (yellow). The
ble of handling both product burn-resistant material conforms to the pump shaft delivering a superior
transfer and cleaning-in-place (CIP). Its low pulsation characteristics and sealing performance, while the highly resilient fiber resists extrusion and
excellent solids handling capabilities reduce the risk of product damage, transfers radial load to the sealing side of the packing. The result is a pack-
thereby improving product quality. Maintenance is simplified and pro- ing that utilizes the gland load more efficiently and achieves a reliable and
cess uptime increased. quicker break-in period.
Alfa Laval A.W. Chesterton Company
www.alfalaval.com www.chesterton.com
1908WW31-34.indd 32 7/31/19 3:34 PM

New Products
TRO analyzer Tubing

Thermo Fisher Scientific has developed a new Dura-Bar®, makers of continuous cast gray and ductile iron bar products, adds a tube portfolio with
Total Residual Oxidant (TRO) analyzer to the launch of Dura-Tube®. The new tube portfolio, produced utilizing either a proprietary continu-
address the needs ous cast process or trepan process, is now available in a selection of sizes and grades. The tube prod-
of the wastewa- ucts are designed to specifically meet requirements such as wall thickness, concentricity and volume.
ter industry. The Dura-Tube products mitigate the need for hole boring, saving
Thermo Scientif- time. Dura-Tube weighs less than a standard bar, so customers
ic Orion 7070iX will also benefit from lower freight costs.
TRO Analyzer has Dura-Bar®
been designed to www.dura-bar.com
offer high sensi- Circle No. 232 on Reader Service Card
tivity for low-lev-
el chlorine measurements down to 1 ppb with Differential pressure gauge
1 ppb resolution. With this unique capability, Ashcroft® 1140 series differential pressure gauges feature a sturdy glass-filled nylon front case that
the system provides users with the confidence allows the window to be easily removed and cleaned. No additional hardware is required for either
that chlorine concentrations in water discharged direct or panel mounting. Designed for either liquid or gas media,
into natural water sources do not exceed the Ashcroft® 1140, 1141, 1142 and 1143 DP gauges offer static pres-
safety threshold or pose a threat to marine life. sure capacities of up to 6,000 psi and ranges from as low as 0-10 in.
For optimal application flexibility, the new ana- H20 d up to 0-150 psid. Dials scaled in flow are also available.
lyzer also enables full range measurements up Ashcroft®
to 15ppm. www.ashcroft.com
Thermo Fisher Scientific Circle No. 233 on Reader Service Card
www.thermofisher.com
Submersible probes
C-FLUOR Submersible Probes are sensitive,
extremely low-power, single-wavelength, in
situ fluorescence and turbidity sensors available
in several optical configurations. Requiring a
maximum of
12 mA current
at 12 VDC
input,C-FLUOR
probes can be
integrated and
deployed for
much longer
intervals than
previously possible with submersible probes.
Factory-calibrated, each C-FLUOR ships with a
calibration certificate used to convert the analog
output signal to a specific concentration estimate.
The titanium construction allows for a depth rat-
ing of 2,000 meters as well as superior resistance
to corrosion, an important factor with their capa-
bility for extended deployments.
Turner Designs
www.turnerdesigns.com

1908WW_ForFlow 1 7/17/19 11:29 AM
1908WW31-34.indd 33 7/31/19 3:34 PM

WWEMA Corner
Maintenance: From
Reactionary to Preventative
Protect your investment, reduce maintenance expenses, and safeguard
your plant’s reputation
BY JAY CONROY
U
nanticipated downtime is the enemy of water and COMPREHENSIVE MANUFACTURER SERVICE PROGRAMS
wastewater treatment plant operators. Unplanned Large equipment and sophisticated components typically require
incidents can wreak havoc on maintenance budgets higher levels of expertise in order to provide proper ongoing main-
and negatively impact the overall equipment lifecycle and per- tenance. Most reputable water and wastewater equipment man-
formance of the entire treatment plant. These unexpected in- ufacturers provide preventative maintenance service programs that
terruptions can also catch the eye of local, state, and federal can be tailored to fit unique needs and workflow processes across
agencies that may impose financial penalties against wastewater a variety of facilities. Be sure to gain a thorough understanding of
treatment facilities that experience violations such as sanitary your equipment manufacturer’s preventative maintenance offerings
sewer overflow events. Other hard costs of unanticipated down- and skillsets by asking these important questions:
time include employee time to resolve issues, third-party repair • Does your manufacturer employ factory-trained field
fees, and equipment repair or replacement costs. technicians?
To guard against unexpected interruptions and additional • Are they willing to train staff either on-site or at their
expenses, experienced operators have historically implemented headquarters?
preventative maintenance routines. Whether conducted inter- • Do they offer remote and on-site technical support?
nally with dedicated staff or coordinated with wastewater • Are they able to create custom training manuals specific to your
equipment manufacturers, preventative maintenance activities plant’s configuration?
can reduce overall maintenance costs and help extend the life • Do they provide weather technical bulletins to address severe
of your facility’s equipment. circumstances?
Communicate with your equipment providers to ensure they
IN-HOUSE PREVENTATIVE MAINTENANCE can provide field service technicians on-site at your facility to
When handled internally, preventative maintenance can yield perform all necessary inspections, adjustments, and tests. Your
positive results with little additional expense. Starting from the manufacturers should also provide comprehensive after-service
outside looking in, staff can inspect the physical condition of facility summary reports with information detailing all work completed
grounds, ponds, storage tanks, and buildings. As they move inward, and recommendations for performance improvements.
staff should perform periodic inspections and maintenance tasks
on equipment and components, including: BENEFITS OF PREVENTATIVE MAINTENANCE
• Review of operation and maintenance manuals for equip- It’s better to be prepared and proactive with scheduled downtime
ment-specific tasks than to be caught off guard with unanticipated incidents. Scheduled
• Visual inspection of equipment for proper function downtime provides a softer landing than unanticipated downtime,
• Inspection of controls to ensure they’re in good operating as the cost of just a few unanticipated downtime events per year
condition could quickly run into the tens of thousands of dollars.
• Checking the condition of emergency generators Whether conducted internally or with support from your equip-
• Clearing equipment of any accumulated debris ment manufacturers, scheduled preventative maintenance programs
• Spraying off equipment to remove dirt and debris help reduce downtime, minimize overall maintenance costs, and
• Applying rust inhibitor to exposed surfaces protect your plant’s reputation and customer confidence. WW
• Greasing bearings with recommended lubricants
• Opening and testing valves throughout the plant About the Author: Jay R. Conroy is founder and president of Hydro-Dyne Engineering
• Inspection and immediate repair of broken or leaking lines and an active member of the Water and Wastewater Equipment Manufacturers Asso-
When done properly by internal staff, just a few hours per ciation (WWEMA), serving on the Board of Directors and as chair of the Marketing and
month of preventative maintenance, conducted without equipment Member Services Committee. For more information about WWEMA, visit
stoppage, can help reduce maintenance costs, improve plant www.wwema.org.
performance, and extend the life of your equipment. Circle No. 244 on Reader Service Card
1908WW31-34.indd 34 7/31/19 3:34 PM

News Briefs
NJ AMERICAN WATER COMPLETES ACQUISITION OF MOUNT interface, users can rapidly distill critical water quality infor-
EPHRAIM SEWER SYSTEM mation for their communities. The app is available for down-
New Jersey American Water has completed its acquisition of load in the Google Play™ store for Android™ devices. WW
the wastewater assets of the Borough of Mount Ephraim, N.J.,
for approximately $1.4 million. This municipal-owned sewer C&B EQUIPMENT ACQUIRES DOUGLAS PUMP SERVICE
system serves approximately 1,800 customers, most of whom Equipment distribution and service company C&B Equipment
already receive water service from New Jersey American Water. has purchased the stock of Douglas Pump Service Inc., re-
The acquisition was approved by the New Jersey Board of sulting in an ownership change with C&B becoming the
Public Utilities on June 21, 2019. owner of Douglas Pump Service. The new company’s official
As part of the acquisition agreement, New Jersey American name is C&B Equipment Midwest Inc. DBA Douglas Pump
Water will invest more than $4 million in needed sewer system Service Inc.
improvements in the next four years, while freezing current The acquisition will benefit current and future industrial
sewer rates for residents for two years and increasing rates and municipal customers in the Kansas City area. Wichita-
no more than 3 percent annually for the three years after based C&B Equipment can now offer localized service and a
that. WW repair facility in the Kansas City market. Douglas Pump Service
customers will now have access to engineering, new applica-
EPA RELEASES CYANOBACTERIA TRACKING APP tions, and new pump packages and solutions. WW
EPA released the Cyanobacteria Assessment Network (CyAN)
mobile application (app), a tool that uses satellite data to OVER $6 BILLION SOUGHT IN THIRD ROUND
alert users that a harmful algal bloom could be forming based OF WIFIA FUNDING
on specific changes in the color of the water in more than In response to EPA’s third Notice of Funding Availability, the
2,000 of the largest lakes and reservoirs across the United agency received 51 letters of interest, collectively requesting
States. $6.6 billion in Water Infrastructure Finance and Innovation
Act (WIFIA) funding. This exceeds the $6 billion that EPA
is offering.
Following a landmark 2018 program year, in which EPA
received 62 letters of interest and invited 39 projects to apply
for WIFIA loans, the agency received 51 new letters of interest
for 2019. EPA is offering $6 billion in loans that would help
fund approximately $12 billion in water infrastructure projects.
The agency received letters from prospective borrowers lo-
cated in 21 states, including 6 states for which no borrower
had previously sought WIFIA loans. This brings the total
number of states where WIFIA loans have been requested
to 35, plus the District of Columbia and Guam.
In partnership with the National Aeronautics Space Ad- For the first time, EPA announced water reuse and recycling
ministration, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Admin- as a WIFIA priority and several prospective borrowers sub-
istration and the U.S. Geological Survey, EPA has been working mitted letters of interest to implement such projects. The
to develop this early warning system using historical and funding requests also cover a wide variety of other topics,
current satellite data to help lake managers, water quality including wastewater, drinking water, desalination, stormwater
managers, and people swimming, fishing, or boating in lakes management and combined approaches. The majority of
more quickly identify when there may be a bloom forming prospective borrowers are municipal government agencies,
and avoid any potential health impacts to people, pets, live- while other prospective borrowers include small communities,
stock or the environment. public-private partnerships and corporations.
The CyAN app gives users the ability to easily assess As a next step, EPA will evaluate the letters for project
satellite-derived cyanobacteria biomass concentrations oc- eligibility, creditworthiness, engineering feasibility and align-
curring over larger lakes and reservoirs across the country. ment with WIFIA’s statutory and regulatory criteria. The
This app reduces the need for scientific expertise in satellite agency will then identify projects it intends to finance and
data processing, analysis and interpretation, and eliminates invite those selected entities to submit formal applications
barriers to computer hardware requirements associated with this fall. WW
the use of satellite data files. In this easy-to-use, customizable
1908WW08-09 35.indd 35 7/31/19 3:35 PM

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1. Fax: 800-571-7730 (416-620-9790 outside USA)
August 2019 Use before Oct. 2019
1. What is the nature of your organization? (Check ONE only) 3. What is your JOB TITLE? 4. Please check below all PRODUCTS or SYSTEMS that you RECOMMEND, SPECIFY,
02 Water and Wastewater Systems and/or Plants 01 Executive/Administrative Management (i.e., President, VP, PURCHASE or APPROVE PURCHASE (Check ALL that apply)
04 Water Only Systems and/or Plants Board Member, Mayor, Owner, etc. 67 Aeration 01 Process Control Equipment
06 Wastewater Only Systems and/or Plants 03 Engineering & Operations Management (i.e., Division Head, 17 Chemical/Biochemicals 05 Pumps
25 Consulting Firms (incl. Engineering, Contracting & Environmental) General Manager, Superintendent, Section Head, 03 Computers & Software 23 Safety Equipment
17 Industrial Water/Wastewater Facilities or Water Wholesalers Department Head, Manager, Chief Engineer, etc.) 37 Corrosion Control 45 Sampling & Analyzing Equip. & Instr.
29 Federal Agencies (incl. EPA), State Agencies, Public Health Agencies 05 Engineering & Design Staff (i.e., Consulting Engineer, Civil 66 Customer Information Systems 41 SCADA
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Case Study
Energy Performance
Contracting
City finds funding stream for water meter project
BY TOM BOWEN
A
cross the United States, aging water infrastructure The City of Fremont, Ohio, implemented an energy performance con-
has become a costly problem for governmental agen- tracting program to address critical infrastructure improvements to
cies and water consumers. Frequently, consumers both its water metering and billing systems.
are hit hardest when it comes to accurate metering.
As water meters age and wear, it is not uncommon for meters can only be expected to maintain their full accuracy
them to begin inaccurately monitoring flows to homes and for 15 years, city officials knew they needed to find a more
businesses, which leads to inaccuracies in billing. The most efficient way to complete the project.
common type of inaccuracy is under-registering how much They estimated the outdated water meters were not regis-
water is flowing through the meter, causing lost revenue for tering about 5.5 percent of water flowing to its customers,
municipal and water authorities and increased cost to provide which amounted to approximately $350,000 in non-revenue
water to consumers. water each year.
These types of issues make programs for water meter main- As the city’s employees worked to replace water meters,
tenance plans and replacements paramount to ensure fair and both a chiller and boiler failed at one of its facilities. The city
equitable billing for both providers and consumers. reached out to its mechanical service contractor, Campbell Inc.
Officials in the City of Fremont, Ohio, knew their residential (Northwood, Ohio), to discuss repairing the failed
and commercial water meters were underperforming. Many equipment.
of the meters were decades old, having outlived their useful During their meeting with Campbell, Fremont officials ex-
lifespan and were creating inaccurate billing, often costing the plained they had been developing a capital improvement plan.
city large amounts of money. In 2013, the City of Fremont’s Their goal was to reduce operating expenses by making in-
administration started what it thought would be a long, arduous frastructure upgrades at eight facilities. Campbell, part of ABM
process to replace 7,000 meters. Franchising Group’s Linc Service franchise network, recom-
By 2018, the city had replaced about 2,000 water meters. mended the city contact ABM to discuss an energy performance
At that rate, it would have taken officials at least another 10 contracting program to make the upgrades using energy and
to 12 years to replace the remaining meters. Since most water operational savings.
1908WW38-40.indd 38 7/31/19 3:34 PM

Case Study
drive along every city street every other month to take water
meter readings. The readings required fleet vehicles and took
employees at least two full days to complete. Since it was such
a time-consuming process, the City of Fremont had implemented
a common billing practice used by other cities: it would use the
readings taken during its bi-monthly drives to send two bills to
its customers — a bill for the actual month’s reading and an
estimated bill for the next month.
This system created unpredictable, often fluctuating bills. If
the estimated bill was too high or too low, the charges would
be adjusted on the customer’s next bill.
The new water meters rely on transmitters, which send
signals to the city’s utility billing office. The transmitters accu-
rately and efficiently read the meters, eliminating the need for
estimated readings. It also ensures customers receive their bills
Through the new detection method, the city can save itself the cost in a timely manner.
of non-revenue water and help residents detect an issue before it be- The new system will also create savings by eliminating the
comes a costly problem. cost of gasoline and wear and tear on city vehicles, and the
manpower needed for the readings can be redistributed to cover
MAKING UPGRADES WITHOUT STRAINING BUDGETS other projects.
Energy performance contracting programs allow municipalities
to overcome financial barriers to address crucial infrastructure BENEFITS BEYOND BILLING
needs. The program is designed as a financial solution to meet Accurate billing isn’t the only benefit Fremont is realizing
clients’ technical facility needs and sustainability goals. The goal since installing state-of-the-art water meters. The city can also
is to drive costs out of a client’s operating budget, allowing utilize the new system to detect leaks. In addition, the new
savings to be reallocated to fund mission-critical facility needs. water meters have an extended lifespan of 20 years, five years
The City of Fremont worked with ABM to develop a custom- over the lifespan of standard water meters.
ized solution to create energy savings by upgrading city-owned
streetlights to energy-efficient lighting, retrofitting HVAC units
and installing state of the art HVAC controls at city facilities.
The plan also included replacing the remaining 5,000 com-
mercial and residential water meters.
MODERNIZED METERS AND SERVICE

The City of Fremont wanted to ensure it provided its residents
and businesses with a fair and equitable billing system. But, due
to the unpredictable water flow monitoring, the older water
meters weren’t properly monitoring all the water being used,
creating non-revenue water losses for the city.
The new water meters come with a cellular transmitter, which
provides city officials with Internet-based meter reading capa-
bilities. The transmitters connect with the city’s computer system
to provide instant, online meter readings to streamline the entire
reading and billing process.
Logistically, the project has provided the city with multiple
benefits. Instead of city employees having to reach out and co-
ordinate the water meter replacements with residents and busi-
nesses, ABM set up a call center and reached out with phone
calls, letters and door hangers. This allowed the residents and
business owners to coordinate with ABM to switch the meters. The new water meters come with a cellular transmitter, which provides
Before installing the new water meters, city workers had to city officials with Internet-based meter reading capabilities.
1908WW38-40.indd 39 7/31/19 3:34 PM

Case Study
Unlike the old method of taking water meter readings, the property owner to check their water lines. Through the new
new system can gather readings remotely from the utility billing detection method, the city can save itself the cost of non-revenue
office and offers the city the ability to read meters as often as water and help residents detect an issue before it becomes a
possible. This technology allows the city to spot anomalies in costly problem.
water usage to detect leaks in customers’ water lines and mitigate
the problem quickly. STRENGTHENING FUTURE FINANCES BY
For example, if a consumer’s water usage unexpectedly spikes, EMBRACING TECHNOLOGY
city officials are now able to easily track it and contact the By implementing an energy performance contracting program,
the city was able to address the challenge of replacing its water
meters efficiently and make critical infrastructure improvements
to its facilities. The program enabled HVAC systems to be ret-
rofitted and proper HVAC controls to be installed along with
energy-efficient lighting to help the city realize energy and
operational savings. In all, the program is set to save the city
more than $12 million in energy and operating costs over a
15-year period while shortening the timeline to replace the city’s
remaining water meters.
This comprehensive approach to upgrading its infrastructure
with intuitive systems and controls allows the city to monitor its
energy consumption and operations, helping provide long-term
financial stability. It also ensures its water system provides accurate
readings, billing and detection of problems, which not only benefits
the city but its residents and businesses as well. WW
About the Author: Tom Bowen is senior vice president of

technical solutions sales for ABM. Prior to joining ABM, Bowen
The transmitters connect with the city’s computer system to provide held executive positions with McKinstry, Honeywell, Sempra
instant, online meter readings to streamline the entire reading and bill- Energy and Chevron. For more information, visit
ing process.
www.abm.com/services/energy.
What’s Going On...

September 2019 October 2019
▲ Sept. 3-5 – Aquatech Mexico, Mexico City, MEXICO, ▲ Oct. 2-3 – WaterSmart Innovations, Las Vegas, NV,
www.aquatechtrade.com/en/mexico/ www.watersmartinnovations.com
▲ Sept. 8-11 – WateReuse Symposium, San Diego, CA, ▲ Oct. 20-24 – IDA World Congress, Dubai, UAE, https://wc.idadesal.org/
http://watereuse.org
▲ Oct 21-24 – CA-NV AWWA Fall Conference, San Diego, CA,
▲ Sept. 9-11 – WaterPRO Conference, Nashville, TN, http://ca-nv-awwa.org
www.waterproconference.org
▲ Oct. 23-24 – World Water Tech North America, Toronto, ON, Canada,
▲ Sept. 11-14 – AWT Annual Convention and Exposition, Palm Springs, CA, https://worldwatertechnorthamerica.com
www.awt.org
—
▲ Sept. 18-20 – US Water Alliance One Water Summit, Austin, TX, For a comprehensive list of the events for the water industry, please visit the
http://uswateralliance.org “Events” section of our website.
▲ Sept. 21-25 – WEFTEC, Chicago, IL, www.wetfec.org
1908WW38-40.indd 40 7/31/19 3:34 PM

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August 2019 - Vol.

Serving the Municipal Water/Wastewater Industry • www.waterworld.com

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Charting a Course Toward DPR New Approach to Free Chlorine Measurement

INSIDE EVERY ISSUE

URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT

28 Pro d u c t s & Se r v ic e s : Ta n k s & St r u c t u re s

30 Pro d u c t s & Se r v ic e s : Ae r a t io n & M ix in g Sy s t e m s

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Ensuring the Safety of Water Treatment Chemicals Disinfection in De Soto Parish

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Telling the story of water

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Publisher Timm Dower (918) 832-9237

Editorial Director Angela D. Godwin (603) 891-9221

Audience Development Emily Martha Martin (918) 832-9311

EDITORIAL OFFICES WaterWorld

Assoc. Member, WWEMA

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Surge protection Butterfly valve

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With AdEdge’s arsenic treatment systems’ global success

When you’re ready to make the right move, call us at 866.823.3343.

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RECYCLED WATER PROGRAM GETS $9.4M

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7x10 Above-Ground Booster Station Modular Enclosures

QUALITY ENGINEERED WATER BOOSTER/REUSE STATIONS

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deal with and that’s very costly, especially for

SEPTEMBER 9-11, 2019

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The rules seek to strengthen protections

for “waters of the state” and develop

uniform definitions and procedures

across California’s Regional Water

Quality Control Boards for regulating

discharges of dredged or fill materials.

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