DDL commands

-DDL commands are used to define, modify, and manage the structure of database objects, such as tables, indexes, and
constraints. Some common DDL commands include:

-CREATE DATABASE statement is used to create a new SQL database.

-CREATE TABLE: Used to create a new table.

-ALTER TABLE: Used to modify an existing table’s structure.

-DROP TABLE: Used to delete a table.

-CREATE INDEX: Used to create an index on a table, improving query performance.

DDL commands play a crucial role in defining the database schema.

SQL Data Types

INT
VARCHAR

Structured Query Languages

DDL
DML
DQL

EmployeeID FirstName LastName Age Address

tblNewEmployees

dbTestDatabase
1.1 CREATE TABLE SQL CODE:
CREATE DATABASE dbTestDatabase;
1.2 CREATE TABLE SQL CODE:
CREATE TABLE tblNewEmployees
(
EmployeeID INT NOT NULL,
FirstName VARCHAR(5),
LastName VARCHAR(20),
Age int,
Address VARCHAR(30)
);
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

DROP TABLE tblNewEmployees;

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
CREATE TABLE tblNewEmployees
(
EmployeeID INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
FirstName VARCHAR(5),
LastName VARCHAR(20),
Age int,
Address VARCHAR(30)
);

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

DROP TABLE tblNewEmployees;

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

CREATE TABLE tblNewEmployees

(
EmployeeID INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
FirstName VARCHAR(5),
LastName VARCHAR(20),
Age int,
Address VARCHAR(30)
);

1.3 ALTER TABLE SQL CODE:

ALTER TABLE tblNewEmployees
ADD PRIMARY KEY (EmployeeID);
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
ALTER TABLE tblNewEmployees
ADD Email VARCHAR(100);
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
ALTER TABLE tblNewEmployees
ADD MobileNo INT,
ADD Religion VARCHAR(15);
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
ALTER TABLE tblNewEmployees
CHANGE COLUMN MobileNo ContactNo INT;
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
ALTER TABLE tblNewEmployees
MODIFY COLUMN FirstName VARCHAR(20);
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

ALTER TABLE tblNewEmployees

DROP COLUMN Age;
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

ALTER TABLE tblNewEmployees

DROP COLUMN Age,
DROP COLUMN Address;
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
(If PK is not Auto_Increment)
ALTER TABLE tblNewEmployees
DROP PRIMARY KEY;

(if PK is Auto_Increment)
ALTER TABLE tblNewEmployees
MODIFY EmployeeID INT NOT NULL;

ALTER TABLE tblNewEmployees

DROP PRIMARY KEY;

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

ALTER TABLE tblNewEmployees

RENAME TO tblEmployees;
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

1.4 CREATE INDEX SQL CODE:

CREATE INDEX idx_LastName ON tblEmployees(LastName);

1.5 DROP DATABASE/TABLE SQL CODE:

DROP TABLE tblEmployees;
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

DROP DATABASE dbTestDatabase;

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

Done!