RAMON MAGSAYSAY MEMORIAL COLLEGES-

MARBEL INC

CHILD AND ADOLESCENT

LEARNERS AND
LEARNING PRINCIPLES

RENZ MARRION M. VILLOTA

UNIT I
PHYSICAL
DEVELOPMENT
LESSON 1
WHAT IS CHILD
DEVELPMENT?
AT THE END OF THE LESSON, THE STUDENT WILL BE:

1. EXPLAIN WHAT CHILD AND ADOLESCENT

DEVELOPMENT IS: AND
2. CREATE A CONCEPT MAP WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF THE
STAGES AND DOMAINS OF THE CHILD DEVELOPMENT
1.1 DEVELOPMENT
Development can be defined as "progressive,
orderly and continuing changes over time in a
person's physical and neurological structure. " In
other words, development is a seriesof age-related
changes that happpen across the life span. People
pass through different stages in a specific order,
with each stage building up on the other. People
also build capacities throuhh those stages.
 CHILDHOOD
1.2 What are INFANCY ( 2 - 8 YEARS
the stage of (BIRTH - 2 OLD) AND
(9 - 12 YEARS
YEARS OLD)
child OLD)
development?
Stages in child development ADOLESCENE ADULTHOOD
refers to development of
(12 -18 YEARS (ABOVE 18
children from birth to the age
of 18 years old.
OLD) YEARS OLD)
1.3 WHAT ARE THE DOMAINS OF CHILD DEVELOPMENT?

COGNITIVE

PHYSICAL SOCIOEMOTIONAL

THREE DOMAINS OF CHILD DEVELOPMENT

1.3.1 PHYSICAL DOMAIN
The physical domain includes growth of the body size
and proportions, appearances, brain development,
sensory capacities (taste, touch, sight, smell, hearing,
and proprioception, which is bodily awareness of your
orientation in space), motor skills, and overall physical
health. The physical domain is about the
measureable, visible changes in the body of a child
from birth to old age.
1.3.1 PHYSICAL DOMAIN

Motor development refers to the increasing

amount of control the child has over his/her body.

Adaptive development refers to the ability of a

child to do age-appropriate life skills
1.3.2 COGNITIVE DOMAIN
Cognitive domain or development is about the
changes and progression in the thought processes -
thinking skills of a person from infancy up to old age.
The mental processes include learning, attention,
memory, language, thinking, reasoning, problem-
solving, creativity, imagination, academic knowledge,
everyday knowledge and understanding what is
happening around you. The developmental
psychologist Jean Piaget talked about different
stages in cognitive development.
1.3.2 COGNITIVE DOMAIN
Language development or communicative domain is
about a person's language or communication skills
develop from crying to laughing, to babbling, and
then talking. This involves one's ability to
comprehend, use and manipulate language.
1.3.3 PSYCHOSOCIAL DOMAIN
The psychosocial domain includes emotions, personality,
and social relationships.

Social development is all about child's relationships with

different kinds of people his/her unique way of
interacting with them.

Emotional development refers to how a child's emotions

develop, how he/she understands and expresses his/ her
emotionsin socially acceptable ways, or regulating one's
emotionshaving confrontations without violence.
1.3.3 PSYCHOSOCIAL DOMAIN
Many times, the social development and emotional
are mentioned together as one, known as the
socioemotional domain. This is about living at peace
with oneself in the context of living with others. A
child learns how to read social cues of other people
to control his/her emotions and express them
properly. It is also includes understanding others,
learning how to sympathize and empathize with
other people. It includes temperament, interpersonal
skills, and friendships.