Aerodynamics for Engineering Students 6th Edition Houghton Solutions Manual

Aerodynamics for Engineering

Students 6th Edition Houghton
Solutions Manual
Visit to download the full and correct content document: https://testbankmall.com/dow
nload/aerodynamics-for-engineering-students-6th-edition-houghton-solutions-manual/

Visit TestBankMall.com to get complete for all chapters

 AMSTERDAM • BOSTON • HEIDELBERG • LONDON
NEW YORK • OXFORD • PARIS • SAN DIEGO
SAN FRANCISCO • SINGAPORE • SYDNEY • TOKYO
Butterworth-Heinemann is an imprint of Elsevier

To protect the rights of the author(s) and publisher we inform you that this PDF is an uncorrected proof for internal business use only by the author(s), editor(s),
reviewer(s), Elsevier and typesetter diacriTech. It is not allowed to publish this proof online or in print. This proof copy is the copyright property of the publisher
SOLUTIONS MANUAL
and is confidential until formal publication.
Houghton — FM-9780080966328 — 2012/1/17 — 22:00 — Page iii — #3

Aerodynamics for
Engineering Students
Sixth Edition

E.L. Houghton
P.W. Carpenter

S.H. Collicott
D.T. Valentine

AMSTERDAM • BOSTON • HEIDELBERG • LONDON

NEW YORK • OXFORD • PARIS • SAN DIEGO
SAN FRANCISCO • SINGAPORE • SYDNEY • TOKYO
Butterworth-Heinemann is an imprint of
Elsevier
 SOLUTIONS
MANUAL
for
Aerodynamics for engineering students, sixth edition
ISBN: 978-0-08-096632-8 (pbk.)
TL570.H64 2012
629.132’5dc23
Copyright c 2013
E. L. Houghton, P. W. Carpenter, Steven H. Collicott
and
Daniel T. Valentine

Chapter 2 solutions
1 Solutions to Chapter 2 problems

Problem 2.1: In this problem we are interested in the continuity equation for axisymmetric
flow in terms of the cylindrical coordinate system (r, φ, z), where all flow variables are indepen-
dent of angular coordinate, φ. Let the velocity components (u, v, w) = (u, 0, w) in the (r, φ, z)
coordinate directions. (a) Show that the continuity equation is given by
∂u u ∂w
+ + =0
∂r r ∂z
Solution: Let us consider an annular control volume with square cross-sectional area equal to
drdz centered at (r, z). Let us label the sides of the control volume R, L, T, B the centers of
which are located at (r, z + dz/2), (r, z − dz/2), (r + dr/2, z), (r − dr/2, z), respectively. In this
analysis the horizontal coordinate is z and the vertical (or radial) coordinate is r. The flow
through each of the surfaces is
∂w dz
ṁR = ρ w + 2πr dr
∂z 2

∂w dz
ṁL = ρ w − 2πr dr
∂z 2
∂u dr dr
ṁT = ρ u + 2π r + dz
∂r 2 2

∂u dr dr
ṁB = ρ u − 2π r − dz
∂r 2 2

The conservation of mass principle means that the net flow of mass out of the control volume
is zero, i.e.,
ṁR − ṁL + ṁT − ṁB = 0
This holds for both steady and unsteady conditions because ρ is assumed to be constant. An
incompressible flow is volume preserving and, hence, this result is independent of whether
or not the flow is steady. This is not the case for Euler’s equation of motion; see Exercise
2.4. Substituting the expressions for the mass flow across each part of the control surface and
rearranging terms, we get the equation given above.
(b) Show that the Stokes’s stream function ψ defined by the following expressions for the
velocity components
1 ∂ψ 1 ∂ψ
u= , w=−
r ∂z r ∂r

By direct substitution of these expressions into the continuity equation, we see that the conti-
nuity equation is automatically satisfied. Note that the function ψ is assumed to be a function
for which the order of differentiation is immaterial.

Problem 2.2: In this problem we want to transform the continuity equation given in (x, y)
to polar coordinates (r, φ). The two coordinate systems are related by the following formulas:
x = r cos φ. y = r sin φ. Let the components of the velocity in (x, y) be given by u = (ux , uy )
and the components in (r, φ) by u = (u, v). Note that

ux = u cos φ − v sin φ, uy = u sin φ + v cos φ

We want to transform
∂ux ∂uy
+ =0
∂x ∂y
Another random document with
no related content on Scribd:
prohibition against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in
such states who approach us with offers to donate.

International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make

any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from
outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff.

Please check the Project Gutenberg web pages for current donation
methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of
other ways including checks, online payments and credit card
donations. To donate, please visit: www.gutenberg.org/donate.

Section 5. General Information About Project

Gutenberg™ electronic works
Professor Michael S. Hart was the originator of the Project
Gutenberg™ concept of a library of electronic works that could be
freely shared with anyone. For forty years, he produced and
distributed Project Gutenberg™ eBooks with only a loose network of
volunteer support.

Project Gutenberg™ eBooks are often created from several printed

editions, all of which are confirmed as not protected by copyright in
the U.S. unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not
necessarily keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper
edition.

Most people start at our website which has the main PG search
facility: www.gutenberg.org.

This website includes information about Project Gutenberg™,

including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary
Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how
to subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks.