11Mk; tFg;G capup-jhtutpay; nra;Kiw Fwpg;Gfs;

ngau;:_________________
Nju;T vz;:____________
ghlk;:_________________
tFg;G:______gpupT:______
ehs;:______FO:________
mku;T:______Neuk;:_____

fz;lwpjy;
tupir Nrhjid jiyg;G
vz; vz;
I. A – fz;zhbj;jfL
1. I. A
II. B – khjpupfs;
2. II. B
III. C – FLk;gk; - kyupd; ghfq;fis jdpikg;gLj;Jjy;
3. III. C
IV. D – Nrhjidfs;
4. IV. D
V. E – jhtu nraypay; Nrhjidfs;
5. V. E

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 nghUslf;fk;

tupir Nrhjid jiyg;G

vz; vz;
I. A – fz;zhbj;jfL
1. A1 ghf;Bupah – Nyf;NlhNgrpy;y];
2. A2 G+Q;ir capup - <];l;
3. A3 G+Q;ir capup - iuNrhg];
4. A4 ghrp capup - fpshkpNlhNkhdh];
5. A5 ghrp capup - thy;thf;];
6. A6 ghrp capup - ];igNuhifuh
7. A7 ghrp capup - CNlhNfhzpak;
8. A8 Fd;wypyh nry; gFg;G epiy - nkl;lh/Ng]; epiy
9. A9 Fd;wypyh nry; gFg;G epiy - mdh/Ng]; epiy
10. A10 ,Utpj;jpiy jhtu Ntupd; FWf;F ntl;Lj; Njhw;wk;
11. A11 ,Utpj;jpiy jhtu jz;bd; FWf;F ntl;Lj; Njhw;wk;
12. A12 ,Utpj;jpiy jhtu ,iyapd; FWf;F ntl;Lj; Njhw;wk;
13. A13 xUtpj;jpiy jhtu Ntupd; FWf;F ntl;Lj; Njhw;wk;
14. A14 xUtpj;jpiy jhtu jz;bd; FWf;F ntl;Lj; Njhw;wk;
15. A15 xUtpj;jpiy jhtu ,iyapd; FWf;F ntl;Lj; Njhw;wk;
16. A16 gpsh];kh rpijT kw;Wk; gpsh];kh rpijT kPl;rp
II. B – khjpupfs;
17. B1 mfhupf]; - grpba fdpAWg;G
18. B2 /NghypNah]; iyf;fd;
19. B3 ,iyj;njhopy; jz;L – xgd;~pah
20. B4 rpwg;G tif kQ;rup - rahj;jpak;
21. B5 jpws;fdp – ghypahy;jpah
III. C – FLk;gk; - kyupd; ghfq;fis jdpikg;gLj;Jjy;
22. C1 /NgNgrp – fpisl;N;lhupah nlupNd~pah
23. C2 nrhyhNdrp – lhl;^uh nkl;ly;
IV. D – Nrhjidfs;
24. D1 xLf;Fk; ru;f;fiuf;fhd ngdpbf;l; fiury; Nrhjid
25. D2 jurj;jpw;fhd mNahbd; Nrhjid
26. D3 Gujj;jpw;fhd igA+nul; Nrhjid
27. D4 ypg;gpbw;fhd Nrhg;ghjy; Nrhjid
V. E – jhtu nraypay; Nrhjidfs;
28. E1 cUisf;fpoq;F M];lkh];Nfhg; Nrhjid
29. E2 epwg;gFg;gha;Tj; jhs; Nrhjid
30. E3 tpy;khl;]; Fkpop Nrhjid
31. E4 Rthrj;jpd; NghJ CO2 ntspaplg;gLtij ep&gpj;jy; Nrhjid
32. E5 tpy; Mf;]NdhkPl;lu; Nrhjid

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 capup – jhtutpay; nra;Kiw tpdhj;jhs;
Neuk;: 75 epkplq;fs; kjpg;ngz;: 10

I. nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s fz;zhbj;jfL ‘A’ ia ,dq;fz;lwpe;J, ,U fhuzq;fis

vOJf. (,dq;fz;lwpjy; – ½, VNjDk; ,uz;L fhuzq;fs; – ½) 1 kjpg;ngz;

II. nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s khjpup ‘B’ ia ,dq;fz;lwpe;J, ,U fhuzq;fis

vOJf. (,dq;fz;lwpjy; – ½, VNjDk; ,uz;L fhuzq;fs; – ½) 1 kjpg;ngz;

III. nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s kyu; ‘C’ apd; FLk;gj;jpid ,iq;fz;lwpe;J ghfq;fis jdpikg;gLj;jp

rku;gg
; pf;fTk;. kyupd; ,d;wpaikahj cWg;Gfspd; gz;Gfis vOjp kyu; tiuglk; tiue;J
kyu; tha;gg ; hl;il vOJf. (,dq;fz;lwpjy; – ½, kyupd; ghfq;fis jdpikg;gLj;Jjy; – ½,
kyupd; gz;Gfs; – ½, kyu; tiuglk; – ½, kyu; tha;ghL– ½) 2½ kjpg;ngz;

IV. nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s khjpup fiury; ‘D’ apy; xLf;Fk; ru;f;fiu (FSf;Nfh];) jurk;, Gujk;,
kw;Wk; ypg;gpl; Mfpatw;wpy; vJ cs;sJ vdf; fz;lwpf. mtw;wpw;fhd mbg;gilf;
nfhs;ifia vOjp Kbtpid ml;ltizg;gLj;Jf.
(mbg;gilf; nfhs;if – ½, Nrhjid– ½, ml;ltiz– ½) 1½ kjpg;ngz;

V. nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s jhtu nraypay; Nrhjid mikg;G ‘E’ apid ,dk; fz;lwpe;J mjd;
Nehf;fk; nra;Kiw fhz;gd kw;Wk; mwptd Mfpatw;iw vOJf.
(Nehf;fk; – ½, nra;Kiw kw;Wk; fhz;gd– ½, mwptd– ½) 1½ kjpg;ngz;

nkhj;jk;: 7½ kjpg;ngz;
gjpNtL: 1½ kjpg;ngz;
jpwd;: 1 kjpg;ngz;
mjpfgl;r kjpg;ngz;: 10

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I. A – fz;zhbj;jfL
A1. ghf;Bupah – Nyf;NlhNgrpy;y];
fz;lwpjy;: nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s fz;zhbj;jfL ghf;Bupah – Nyf;NlhNgrpy;y]; MFk;.
fhuzq;fs;:
1. ,it xU nry;yhy; Md njhy;Yl;fU capupdk; MFk;.
2. rt;thy; #og;gl;l Ez;ZWg;Gfs; fhzg;gLtjpy;iy.
3. ,it Nyf;bf; mkpy nehjpj;jypy; <LgLfpd;wd.
A2. G+Q;ir capup - <];l;
fz;lwpjy;: nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s fz;zhbj;jfL G+Q;ir capup - <];l; MFk;.
fhuzq;fs;:
1. ,it xU nry;yhyhd cz;ik cl;fU capupfs;.
2. ,jd; nry;fs; epwkw;wit, ePs;tbtk; nfhz;lit.
3. ,it nkhl;LtpLjy; Kiwapy; ,dg;ngUf;fk; nra;fpd;wd.
A3. G+Q;ir capup - iuNrhg];
fz;lwpjy;: nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s fz;zhbj;jfL G+Q;ir capup - iuNrhg]; MFk;.
fhuzq;fs;:
1. ,it nuhl;bapd; kPJ tsUk; G+Q;ir MFk;.
2. ,jd; clyk; FWf;F Rtuw;w gy cl;fUf;fisf; nfhz;lJ.
3. ,it ghypyh ,dg;ngUf;f nra;fpd;wd.
A4. ghrp capup - fpshkpNlhNkhdh];
fz;lwpjy;: nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s fz;zhbj;jfL ghrp capup - fpshkpNlhNkhdh]; MFk;.
fhuzq;fs;:
1. ,it efUk; jpwDila xU nry; capup MFk;.
2. ,it fpz;ztbt gRq;fzpfj;ijf; nfhz;Ls;sJ.
3. ,it ,uz;L rhl;il tbt firapiofisf; nfhz;Ls;sd.
A5. ghrp capup - thy;thf;];
fz;lwpjy;: nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s fz;zhbj;jfL ghrp capup - thy;thf;]; MFk;.
fhuzq;fs;:
1. ,it efUk; jpwDila fhydp mikg;GilaJ.
2. 500 Kjy; 50,000 nry;fisf; nfhz;l ,jd; clyk; rPNdhgpak; vdg;gLk;.
3. ,jd; xt;nthU nry;Yk; irl;Nlhgpshr ,ioahy; ,izf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.
A6 ghrp capup - ];igNuhifuh
fz;lwpjy;: nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s fz;zhbj;jfL ghrp capup - ];igNuhifuh MFk;.
fhuzq;fs;:
1. ,it fpisfs; mw;w ,io clyj;ijf; nfhz;lit.
2. ,jpy; RUs; tbt gRq;fzpfk; fhzg;gLfpwJ.
3. nry;ypd; ikaj;jpy; cl;fU fhzg;gLfpwJ.
A7. ghrp capup - CNlhNfhzpak;
fz;lwpjy;: nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s fz;zhbj;jfL ghrp capup - CNlhNfhzpak; MFk;.
fhuzq;fs;:
1. ,it fpisfs; mw;w ,io clyj;ijf; nfhz;lit.
2. ,jpy; tisgpd;dy; tbt gRq;fzpfk; fhzg;gLfpwJ.
3. ,jd; Edp nry;fspd; Nky; njhg;gp nry;fs; fhzg;gLfpwJ.
A8. ikl;lhrp]; - nkl;lh/Ng]; epiy
fz;lwpjy;: nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s fz;zhbj;jfL ikl;lhrp]; - nkl;lh/Ng]; epiy MFk;.
fhuzq;fs;:
1. ,e;epiyapy; FNuhNkhNrhk;fs; ed;F Gyg;gLfpd;wd.
2. ,e;epiyapy; FNuhNkhNrhk;fs; nry;ypd; ikaj;jpy; te;J mikfpd;wd.
3. ,e;epiyapy; fjpu;Nfhy; ,iofs; Njhd;Wfpd;wd.
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A9. ikl;lhrp]; - mdh/Ng]; epiy
fz;lwpjy;: nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s fz;zhbj;jfL ikl;lhrp]; - mdh/Ng]; epiy MFk;.
fhuzq;fs;:
1. ,e;epiyapy; FNuhNkhNrhk;fs; gpsTw;W nry;ypd; vjpu; vjpu;
JUtq;fis Nehf;fp efu;fpd;wd.
2. ,e;epiyapy; nrd;l;Nuhkpau; ePs;thf;fpy; gpsTWfpd;wd.
3. ,e;epiyapy; fjpu;Nfhy; ,iofs; Njhd;Wfpd;wd.
A10. ,Utpj;jpiy jhtu Ntupd; FWf;F ntl;Lj; Njhw;wk; - mtiu Ntu;.
fz;lwpjy;: nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s fz;zhbj;jfL ,Utpijapiy jhtu Ntupd; FWf;F ntl;Lj;
Njhw;wk; - mtiu Ntu; MFk;.
fhuzq;fs;:
1. gpj; fhzg;gLtjpy;iy.
2. ehd;F Kid iryk; kw;Wk; ntspNehf;fpa iryk; fhzg;gLfpwJ.
3. ,izg;Gj;jpR ghud;ifkhthy; MdJ.
A11. ,Utpj;jpiy jhtu jz;bd; FWf;F ntl;Lj; Njhw;wk; - #upafhe;jp jz;L
fz;lwpjy;: nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s fz;zhbj;jfL ,Utpj;jpiy jhtu jz;bd; FWf;F ntl;Lj;
Njhw;wk; - #upafhe;jp jz;L MFk;.
fhuzq;fs;:
1. Gwzp NtWgLj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ.
2. th];Fyhu; fw;iwfs; xUq;fike;jit, jpwe;jit.
3. th];Fyhu; fw;iwfs; gpj;ijr; #o;e;J xU tisakhf mike;Js;sJ.
A12. ,Utpj;jpiy jhtu ,iyapd; FWf;F ntl;Lj; Njhw;wk; - #upafhe;jp ,iy
fz;lwpjy;: nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s fz;zhbj;jfL ,Utpj;jpiy jhtu ,iyapd; FWf;F ntl;Lj;
Njhw;wk; - #upafhe;jp ,iy MFk;.
fhuzq;fs;:
1. th];Fyhu; fw;iwfs; xUq;fike;jit, %bait.
2. ,iyj;Jis fPo;g;Gwj;Njhypy; mjpf vz;zpf;ifapy; fhzg;gLk;.
3. ,iyj;Jisfs; mtiu tpij tbt fhg;Gr; nry;fshy; #og;gl;Ls;sJ.
A13. xUtpj;jpiy jhtu Ntupd; FWf;F ntl;Lj; Njhw;wk; - kf;fhr;Nrhs Ntu;.
fz;lwpjy;: nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s fz;zhbj;jfL xUtpijapiy
jhtu Ntupd; FWf;F ntl;Lj; Njhw;wk; - kf;fhr;Nrhs Ntu; MFk;.
fhuzq;fs;:
1. gpj; fhzg;gLfpwJ.
2. gy Kid iryk; kw;Wk; ntspNehf;fpa iryk; fhzg;gLfpwJ.
3. ,izg;Gj;jpR ];fpypud;ifkhthy; MdJ.
A14. xUtpj;jpiy jhtu jz;bd; FWf;F ntl;Lj; Njhw;wk; - kf;fhr;Nrhsj; jz;L.
fz;lwpjy;: nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s fz;zhbj;jfL xUtpijapiy jhtu jz;bd; FWf;F ntl;Lj;
Njhw;wk; - kf;fhr;Nrhsj; jz;L MFk;.
fhuzq;fs;:
1. gpj; fhzg;gLtjpy;iy.
2. th];Fyhu; fw;iwfs; jsj;jpRtpy; rpjwpf; fhzg;gLfpwJ.
3. jsj;jpRthdJ Gwzp, gpj;, mfj;Njhy; vd NtWgl;L fhzg;gLtjpy;iy.
A15. xUtpj;jpiy jhtu ,iyapd; FWf;F ntl;Lj; Njhw;wk; - Gy; ,iy
fz;lwpjy;: nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s fz;zhbj;jfL xUtpj;jpiy jhtu ,iyapd; FWf;F ntl;Lj;
Njhw;wk; - Gy; ,iy MFk;.
fhuzq;fs;:
1. th];Fyhu; fw;iwfs; xUq;fike;jit, %bait.
2. ,it ,Urkg;gf;f ,iy MFk;.
3. ,iyj;Jisfs; rg;shf;fl;il tbt fhg;Gr; nry;fshy; #og;gl;Ls;sJ.
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A16. gpsh];kh rpijT kw;Wk; gpsh];kh rpijT kPl;rp
fz;lwpjy;: nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s fz;zhbj;jfL gpsh];kh rpijT kw;Wk; gpsh];kh rpijT kPl;rp
MFk;.
fhuzq;fs;:
1. ePu; %yf;$Wfs; nry;ypypUe;J ntspr;rt;T+L guty; fhuzkhf ntspNaWfpd;wJ.
2. vdNt nry; nefpo;r;rp epiyia milfpd;wd.
3. ,it gpsh];kh rpijtpd; jiyfPo; epfo;r;rpahFk;.
II. B – khjpupfs;
B1. mfhupf]; - grpba fdpAWg;G
fz;lwpjy;: nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s khjpup mfhupf]; - grpba fdpAWg;G MFk;.
fhuzq;fs;:
1. ,jd; fdpclyk; fhk;G, igyp];, Ez;jl;Lfs; kw;Wk; md;Dy]; nfhz;lJ.
2. xt;nthU grpbaj;jpYk; ehd;F grpba tpj;Jf;fs; fhzg;gLfpd;wd.
3. ,jd; tskhd mLf;F i`kPdpak; vdg;gLk;.
B2. /NghypNah]; iyf;nfd;
fz;lwpjy;: nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s khjpup /NghypNah]; iyf;nfd; MFk;.
fhuzq;fs;:
1. ghrpfSf;Fk;, G+Q;irfSf;Fk; ,ilapy; fhzg;gLk; xUq;Fapup Kiw iyf;nfd;fs; MFk;.
2. ,jd; ,iy xj;j tbtk; /NghypNah]; vdg;gLk;.
3. ,it SO2 khRf;fhuzpia vspjpy; czuf;$bajhFk;.
B3. ,iyj;njhopy; jz;L – xgd;~pah
fz;lwpjy;: nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s khjpup ,iyj;njhopy; jz;L – xgd;~pah MFk;.
fhuzq;fs;:
1. ,it gRikepwKila jl;ilahd jz;lhFk;.
2. ,iyfs; Kl;fshf cUkhw;wk; mile;Js;sd.
3. ,it xU twz;lepyj;jhtuk; MFk;.
B4. rpwg;G tif kQ;rup – rahj;jpak;
fz;lwpjy;: nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s khjpup rpwg;G tif kQ;rup – rahj;jpak; MFk;.
fhuzq;fs;:
1. ,it rpwpa xUghy; kyu;fis nfhz;l kQ;rup MFk;.
2. kQ;rupapd; ikaj;jpy; xw;iw ngz; kyUk; mjid #o;e;J Mz;kyu;fSk; fhzg;gLk;.
3. G+tbr; nrjpypy; Njd;Rug;gpfs; fhzg;gLk;.
B5. jpus; fdp – ghypahy;jpah
fz;lwpjy;: nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s khjpup jpus; fdp – ghypahy;jpah MFk;.
fhuzq;fs;:
1. ,J jdpkyupy; ,Ue;J cUthFk; fdpahFk;.
2. ,J gy ,izahr; #yf ,iyfspy; ,Ue;J cUthfpwJ.
3. v.fh: ghypahy;jpah (mNrhf kuk;).

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III. C – FLk;gk; - kyupd; ghfq;fis jdpikg;gLj;Jjy;
C1. /NgNgrp – fpisl;N;lhupah nlupNd~pah
fz;lwpjy;: nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s kyu; /NgNgrp FLk;gj;ij rhu;e;j fpisl;N;lhupah nlupNd~pah
jhtuk; MFk;.
kyupd; ghfq;fisj; jdpikg;gLj;Jjy;:
1. Gy;yptl;lk; 2. my;yptl;lk; 3. kfue;jj;jhs; tl;lk; 4. #yftl;lk;.
kyupd; gz;Gfs;:
1. Gy;yptl;lk;: 5 Gy;ypfs;, gRikahdJ, njhL ,jo; mikT.
2. my;yptl;lk;: 5 my;ypfs;, tz;zj;J G+r;rp tbtpy; mike;jit, ,wq;F jOT ,joikT.
3. kfue;jj;jhs; tl;lk;: 10 kfue;jj;jhs;fs; (9)+1 vd ,U fw;iwapy; mike;jit, kfue;jg;ig
<uiw cilait.
4. #yftl;lk;: Nky; kl;l #w;ig, tpspk;G #y; xl;LKiw, xU #yf ,iy.
kyu; tiuglk;:

kyu; tha;ghL:

C2. nrhyhNdrp – lhl;^uh nkl;ly;

fz;lwpjy;: nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s kyu; nrhyhNdrp FLk;gj;ij rhu;e;j lhl;^uh nkl;ly; jhtuk;
MFk;.
kyupd; ghfq;fisj; jdpikg;gLj;Jjy;:
1. Gy;yptl;lk; 2. my;yptl;lk; 3. kfue;jj;jhs; tl;lk; 4. #yftl;lk;.
kyupd; gz;Gfs;:
1. Gy;yptl;lk;: 5 Gy;ypfs;, gRikahdJ, njhL ,jo; mikT.
2. my;yptl;lk;: 5 my;ypfs;, iftprpwp Nghd;w kbg;Gilait, jpUF ,joikT.
3. kfue;jj;jhs; tl;lk;: 5 kfue;jj;jhs;fs;, my;yp xl;bait, kfue;jg;ig <uiw cilait.
4. #yftl;lk;: Nky; kl;l #w;ig, mr;R #y; xl;LKiw, ,U #yf ,iy.
kyu; tiuglk;:

kyu; tha;ghL:

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IV. D – Nrhjidfs;:
D1. xLf;Fk; ru;f;fiuf;fhd ngdpbf;l; fiury; Nrhjid
Nehf;fk;: nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s khjpupf; fiury;fspy; xLf;Fk; ru;f;fiuia fz;lwpjy;.
mbg;gilf; nfhs;if:
1. My;Nlh]; kw;Wk; fPl;Nlh];fs; xLf;Fk; ru;f;fiufs; vdg;gLfpwJ.
2. FSf;Nfh]; xLf;Fk; ru;f;fiu, Rf;Nuh]; xLf;fh ru;f;fiu MFk;.
Njitahd nghUl;fs;:
Nrhjidf; Foha;, ntq;fha ,iyr;rhW (m) fUk;Gr;rhW, ngdpbf;l; fiury;, rhuha tpsf;F.
ml;ltiz:
nra;Kiw fhz;gd mwptd
1 kp.yp Nrhjidf;fiury; + 1 nrq;fy; rptg;G epwkhf xLf;Fk; ru;f;fiu
kp.yp ngdpbf;l; fiury; Nru;j;J khWfpwJ. FSf;Nfh]; cs;sJ.
RLg;gLj;jTk;.
Ma;Tf;Fohia kjpg;gpl;bw;F rku;g;gpj;jy;:
Nrhjidfs; nra;j Ma;TFoha;fs; kjpg;gpl;bw;fhf rku;gg ; pf;fg;gl;lJ.
D2. jurj;jpw;fhd mNahbd; Ma;T
Nehf;fk;: nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s Nrhjidf; fiurypy; ];lhu;r; cs;sjh vdf; fz;lwpjy;.
mbg;gilf; nfhs;if:
1. jurk; xU Nrkpf;Fk; ghyp rhf;fiuL MFk;.
2. ,J xU mikNy]; kw;Wk; mikNyh ngf;bd; MFk;.
3. jurj;jpy; cs;s mikNyh]; gFjpahdJ nghl;lhrpak; mNahilL cld; tpidGupe;J fUePy
epwj;ij jUfpwJ.
Njitahd nghUl;fs;:
Nrhjidf; Foha;, mNahbd; fiury;, cUisf;fpoq;F, muprp, NfhJik my;yJ Nrhs kzpfs;.
ml;ltiz:
nra;Kiw fhz;gd mwptd
1 kp.yp Nrhjidf;fiury; + fUeP y epwkhf khWfpwJ jurk; cs;sJ
1 kp.yp mNahbd; fiury;
Ma;Tf;Fohia kjpg;gpl;bw;F rku;g;gpj;jy;:
Nrhjidfs; nra;j Ma;TFoha;fs; kjpg;gpl;bw;fhf rku;gg ; pf;fg;gl;lJ.
D3. Gujj;jpw;fhd igA+Nul; Nrhjid
Nehf;fk;: nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s Nrhjidf; fiurypy; Gujk; cs;sjh vdf; fz;lwpjy;.
mbg;gilf; nfhs;if:
1. Gujq;fs; vd;gJ mkpNdh mkpyq;fshy; Md ghypku;fs; MFk;.
2. igA+Nul; Nrhjid Gujj;jpid mwpa cjTfpwJ.
3. midj;J Gujq;fSk; xNu tifahd mkpNd mkpyq;fis nfhz;bUg;gjpy;iy.
Njitahd nghUl;fs;:
Nrhjidf; Foha;, NaOH fiury;, CuSO4 ghy;, Kl;ilapd; nts;isf;fU, gUg;GtbePu;.
ml;ltiz:
nra;Kiw fhz;gd mwptd
2 kp.yp Nrhjidf;fiury; + Cjh epwkhf khWfpwJ. Gujk; cs;sJ.
1 kp.yp NaOH + 2 Jsp 1%
fhg;gu; (II) ry;igl; Nru;j;J
ed;whf fyf;fTk;.
Ma;Tf;Fohia kjpg;gpl;bw;F rku;g;gpj;jy;:
Nrhjidfs; nra;j Ma;TFoha;fs; kjpg;gpl;bw;fhf rku;gg ; pf;fg;gl;lJ.
D4. ypg;gpl;bw;fhd Nrhg;ghjy; Ma;T
Nehf;fk;: nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s jhtu kw;wk; tpyq;F khjpupfisf; nfhz;L nfhOg;G (ypg;gpl;)
mkpyj;ijf; fz;lwpjy;.

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mbg;gilf; nfhs;if:
1. ypg;gpLfs; vd;gJ nfhOg;G mkpyq;fs; kw;Wk; My;f`hypd; <j;ju;fs; MFk;.
2. ypg;gpLfs; ePupy; fiutjpy;iy. Mdhy; ngd;rpd;, <j;ju; kw;Wk; FNshNuh/ghu;k; Nghd;w
fiug;ghd;fspy; fiugit.
3. <j;ju;fs; gpizg;G NaOH fiurypd; %yk; Jz;bf;fg;gLtjhy; Nrhg;ig Nghd;w tPo;gbT
Njhd;WfpwJ.
Njitahd nghUl;fs;:
Nrhjidf; Foha;, jhq;fp, NaOH fiury;, vz;nza;, nea;, ntz;nza;.
ml;ltiz:
nra;Kiw fhz;gd mwptd
1 kp.yp Nrhjidf;fiury; + Nrhg;igg; Nghd;w tPo;gbT ypg;gpL cs;sJ
1 kp.yp 5 % NaOH fiury; Njhd; W fpwJ.
Nru;j;J ed;whf fyf;fTk;.
Ma;Tf;Fohia kjpg;gpl;bw;F rku;g;gpj;jy;:
Nrhjidfs; nra;j Ma;TFoha;fs; kjpg;gpl;bw;fhf rku;gg ; pf;fg;gl;lJ.
V. E – jhtu nraypay; Nrhjidfs;:
E1. cUisf;fpoq;F M];kh];Nfhg; Nrhjid
Nehf;fk;:
rt;T+L gutiy cUisf;fpoq;F M];kh];Nfhg; Nrhjidapd; %yk; ep&g;gpj;jy;.
Njitahd nghUl;fs;:
cUisf;fpoq;F, ru;f;fiuf; fiury;, ePu;, gPf;fu;.
nra;Kiw:
1. Njhy; ePf;fg;gl;l cUisf;fpoq;fps; cl;Gukhf xU Fopia Vw;gLj;j Ntz;Lk;.
2. ,e;j Fopapy; ru;f;fiuf; fiuriy epug;g Ntz;Lk;.
3. ,e;j mikg;ig ePu; epuk;gpa gPf;fupy; itf;fNtz;Lk;.
4. 10 epkplq;fs; fopj;J ru;f;fiuf; fiurypd; msit Fwpf;f Ntz;Lk;.
fhz;gd:
cUisf;fpoq;fpy; ru;f;fiuf; fiurypd; kl;lk; caUtij fhz KbfpwJ.
mwptd:
rt;T+L guty; fhuzkhf ru;ff ; iuf; fiurypd; kl;lk; caUfpwJ vd;gJ eP&gpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.
E2. epwg;gFg;gha;Tj; jhs; Nrhjid
Nehf;fk;:
epwg; gFg;gha;Tj; jhs; Nrhjid %yk; xspr;Nru;f;if epwkpfis gpupj;njLj;jy;
Njitahd nghUl;fs;:
fPiu ,iyfs;, epwg;gFg;gha;Tj; jhs;, Nrhjidf; Foha;, jf;if, ngl;Nuhypak; <ju;, mrpl;Nlhd;,
Gdy;, kzy;, tbf;fl;Lk; jhs;.
nra;Kiw:
1. fPiu ,iyfis kzy; 5 kp.yp mrpl;Nlhd; Nru;j;J miuf;f Ntz;Lk;.
2. epwg;gFg;gha;Tj; jhspid vLj;J mjd; xU Kidis $u;ikahf ntl;bf; nfhs;sNtz;Lk;.
3. miuf;fg;gl;l rhw;wpid epwg;gFg;gha;Tj; jhspd; Nky; rpy Jspfs; tpl Ntz;Lk;
4. gpd;du; 5 kp.yp <ju; mrpl;Nlhd; cs;s Nrhjidf; Fohapy; epwg;gFg;gha;Tj; jhspd; $u;a
Kidg; gFjp gLk;gb itf;fNtz;Lk;.
5. ,e;j mikg;ig rpy kzpNeuk; mg;gbNa itf;fNtz;Lk;.
fhz;gd:
xU kzp Neuj;jpw;Fg; gpwF epwg;gFg;gha;Tj; jhspy; epwkpfs; NtWg;gl;L ,Ug;gij
fhzKbfpwJ.
mwptd:
,r;Nrhjidapd; %yk; gRq;fzpfj;jpy; FNshNuh/gpy; a, FNshNuh/gpy; b, FNshNuh/gpy; c,
rhe;Njh/gpy; kw;Wk; fNuhbdha;Lfs; Nghd;w xspr;Nru;f;if epwkpfs; cs;sij mwpayhk;.

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E3. tpy;khl;]; Fkpopia gad;gLj;jp xspr;Nru;f;if tPjj;ij fz;lwpjy;.
Nehf;fk;:
tpy;khl;]; Fkpopia gad;gLj;jp xspr;Nru;f;if tPjj;ij fz;lwpjy;.
Njitahd nghUl;fs;:
tpy;khl;]; Fkpop, i`l;upy;yh fpis, ePu.;
nra;Kiw:
1. tpy;khl;]; Fkpopapy; ePu; epug;gp mjpy; i`l;upy;yh jhtuj;ij nghUj;j Ntz;Lk;.
2. ,e;j mikg;gpid #upa xspgLk;gb itf;f Ntz;Lk;.
3. fhw;Wf;Fkpo;fs; rPuhd; mstpy; ntspg;gLk; NghJ mtw;iwf; fzf;fplTk;.
4. ntt;NtW xspr;nrwptpy; ,r;Nrhjidia kPz;Lk; nra;J ghu;ff ; Tk;.
fhz;gd:
xspr;Nru;f;ifapd; tPjk; mjpfupf;Fk; NghJ fhw;Wf; Fkpopd; msTk; mjpfupf;fpd;wJ.
mwptd:
xspr;nrwptpd; tPjk; mjpfupf;Fk; NghJ xspr;Nru;f;ifapd; tPjKk; mjpfupf;fpd;wJ vd;gij
,r;Nrhjidapd; %yk; mwpayhk;.
E4. fhw;W Rthrj;jpd; NghJ CO2 ntspaplg;gLtij ep&gpf;Fk; Ma;T
Nehf;fk;:
Kisf;Fk; tpijfs; Rthrpj;jypd; NghJ CO2 ntspapLfpd;wd vd;gij ep&gpj;jy;.
Njitahd nghUl;fs;:
$k;Gf;FLit, jf;if, gPf;fu;, tisf;fg;gl;l fz;zhbf; Foha;, Nrhjidf; Foha;, E}y;, KOH
fiury;, Kisf;Fk; tpijfs;.
nra;Kiw:
1. Kisf;Fk; tpijfis xU $k;Gf; FLitapy; vLj;Jf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.
2. mjpy; KOH fiuriy xU Nrhjidf; Fohapy; fl;b njhq;ftpl Ntz;Lk;.
3. tise;j fz;zhbf; Fohapd; xU Kidia $k;Gf; FLitapYk;, kWKidia ePu; cs;s
gPf;fupYk; itf;f Ntz;Lk;.
4. ,e;j mikg;ig xU jhq;fpapy; nghUj;jp itf;f Ntz;Lk;.
fhz;gd:
,uz;L kzp Neuj;jpw;Fg; gpwF fz;zhbf; Fohapy; ePupd; msT mjpfupj;Js;sij fhzyhk;.
mwptd:
Rthrpj;jypd; NghJ Kisf;Fk; tpijfs; CO2 ntspNaw;wg;gLfpwJ vd;gij mwpayhk;.
E5. tpy; Mf;]NdhkPl;lu; Ma;T
Nehf;fk;:
jhtuj; jz;bd; ePs;Nghf;F tsu;r;rpia tpy; Mf;]NdhkPll ; u; Ma;tpd; %yk; ep&gpj;jy;.
Njitahd nghUl;fs;:
tpy; Mf;]NdhkPl;lu;, njhl;bj; jhtuk;, vilf;fw;fs;, E}y;.
nra;Kiw:
1. jhtu jz;bd; Edp gFjpia E}ypdhy; fl;b mjd; kWKidapy; vilfw;fis nghUj;j
Ntz;Lk;.
2. ,e;j mikg;gpid glj;jpy; fhl;bathW nghUj;j Ntz;Lk;.
3. jhtuj;jz;bd; tsu;r;rpapd; NghJ tpy; Mf;]NdhkPl;lupd; FwpKs; efUtij Fwpj;Jf;
nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.
fhz;gd:
jhtuj; jz;bd; cauk; mjpfupf;Fk; NghJ FwpKs; fPNo efu;tij fhzKbfpwJ.
mwptd:
jz;bd; ePs;Nghf;F tsu;r;rpia fPo;fz;l rkd;ghl;bd; %yk; mwpayhk;.

FwpKs; efu;e;j J}uk; X fg;gpapd; Muk;

jhtuj;jpd; ePs;Nghf;F tsu;r;rp =
FwpKs;spd; ePsk;

******************************************************************************
C.KISHORE KUMAR, M.Sc., M.Phil., M.Ed., M.Phil., M.Sc (YOGA)., B.A (HINDI)., PG ASST IN BOTANY,
GOVT.HR.SEC.SCHOOL, THATTAPPARAI, GUDIYATTAM, VELLORE DISTRICT. CELL : 9894807882. Page 10
A1. ghf;Bupah – Nyf;NlhNgrpy;y]; A2. G+Q;ir capup - <];l;

A3. G+Q;ir capup - iuNrhg]; A4. ghrp capup - fpshkpNlhNkhdh];

A5. ghrp capup - thy;thf;]; A6 ghrp capup - ];igNuhifuh

A7. ghrp capup - CNlhNfhzpak;

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GOVT.HR.SEC.SCHOOL, THATTAPPARAI, GUDIYATTAM, VELLORE DISTRICT. CELL : 9894807882. Page 11
A8. ikl;lhrp]; - nkl;lh/Ng]; epiy A9. ikl;lhrp]; - mdh/Ng]; epiy

A10. ,Utpj;jpiy jhtu Ntupd; FWf;F A11. ,Utpj;jpiy jhtu jz;bd; FWf;F
ntl;Lj; Njhw;wk; - mtiu Ntu;. ntl;Lj; Njhw;wk; - #upafhe;jp jz;L

A12. ,Utpj;jpiy jhtu ,iyapd; FWf;F ntl;Lj; Njhw;wk; - #upafhe;jp ,iy

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A13. xUtpj;jpiy jhtu Ntupd; FWf;F A14. xUtpj;jpiy jhtu jz;bd; FWf;F
ntl;Lj; Njhw;wk; - kf;fhr;Nrhs Ntu;. ntl;Lj; Njhw;wk; - kf;fhr;Nrhsj; jz;L.

A15. xUtpj;jpiy jhtu ,iyapd; A16. gpsh];kh rpijT kw;Wk; gpsh];kh

FWf;F ntl;Lj; Njhw;wk; - Gy; ,iy rpijT kPl;rp

B1. mfhupf]; - grpba fdpAWg;G B2. /NghypNah]; iyf;nfd;

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B3. ,iyj;njhopy; jz;L B4. rpwg;G tif kQ;rup B5. jpus; fdp v.fh: ghypahy;jpah
v.fh: xgd;~pah v.fh: rahj;jpak;

C1. /NgNgrp – fpisl;N;lhupah nlupNd~pah C2. nrhyhNdrp – lhl;^uh nkl;ly;

E1. cUisf;fpoq;F M];kh];Nfhg; E2. epwg;gFg;gha;Tj; jhs; Nrhjid

Nrhjid

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E3. tpy;khl;]; Fkpopia gad;gLj;jp E4. fhw;W Rthrj;jpd; NghJ CO2
xspr;Nru;f;if tPjj;ij fz;lwpjy;. ntspaplg;gLtij ep&gpf;Fk; Ma;T

E5. tpy; Mf;]NdhkPl;lu; Ma;T

***************************************************************************************************

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