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Delimitation vs Limitation in Research

This document discusses key differences and concepts in quantitative and qualitative research methods. It provides an overview of variables, research design steps, and statistical analysis tools used in quantitative research. The key points are: 1) Quantitative research uses statistical analysis and objective measurements while qualitative research uses descriptions and explores meanings. 2) The main variables in research are the independent variable (cause) and dependent variable (effect). 3) Steps for quantitative research include identifying variables, making a research title, objectives, data collection using instruments like surveys, encoding responses, and statistical analysis.

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Adriel Enki
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57 views2 pages

Delimitation vs Limitation in Research

This document discusses key differences and concepts in quantitative and qualitative research methods. It provides an overview of variables, research design steps, and statistical analysis tools used in quantitative research. The key points are: 1) Quantitative research uses statistical analysis and objective measurements while qualitative research uses descriptions and explores meanings. 2) The main variables in research are the independent variable (cause) and dependent variable (effect). 3) Steps for quantitative research include identifying variables, making a research title, objectives, data collection using instruments like surveys, encoding responses, and statistical analysis.

Uploaded by

Adriel Enki
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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DIFFERENCE BETWEEN DELIMITATION ND LIMITATION: •analyzing and interpreting

DELIMITATION- kung ano lang yung sakop QUANTI

LIMITATION- hindi kayang gawin -consists statistical analysis

- comparison if difference between 2 things- t-test

RESEARCH INSTRUMENT (must have validity and - identifying relationship between two variables-
reliability) correlation

- standardized questionnaires (used in quanti) QUALI

- researcher made -description of themes

- survey questionnaires - stating lager meaning of findings

Data Analysis = Statistical Analysis *T-TEST, CORRELATION – TYPES OF INFERENTIAL


STATISTICS

STEPS AFTER COLLECTION OF DATA:


TWO GROUPS OF EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
Data Collection > Encoding > Coding > Data Analysis >
Data Computation EXPERIMENTAL/TREATMENT GROUP- experiment; test
sample or the group that receives an experimental
procedure
VARIABLES
CONTROL GROUP- walang gagawin/ observation lang;
INDEPENDENT - perceived/presumed cause group separated from the rest of the experiment such
that the independent variable being tested cannot
DEPENDENT- perceived/presumed effect influence the results.

LESSON 1 NON-EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH

QUANTI - incapable of having cause and effect relationships

- specific narrow ques. - only looks for relationships among variables

-objective

QUALI LESSON 2
- broad general ques. FIELD- specialization/areas of discipline
- subjective

LESSON 3
*VARIABLES ARE USUALLY STATED AT THE TITLE
NATURE OF VARIABLES

VARIABLES
•reviewing the lit
- changing qualities of characteristics that are involved
QUANTI in research study.

- the RQ would depend on the variables • types of variables

- RI to be used are usually survey questionnaire INDEPENDENT - cause changes in the subject

- direction is based on the hypothesis DEPENDENT- manifest the effect caused by IV

•questIonnaire STEPS IN MAKING A QUANTITATIVE R.


QUANTI 1. identify the variables
- preset questions and responses 2. make a research title
- large population 3. research objectives

4. data gathering using research instrument in the form


of survey questionnaire
5. encode responses

POSITIVE HYPOTHESIS- alternative

NEGATIVE HYPOTHESIS- null

QUANTI PEARSON R

- ask specific narrow questions r-VALUE- dapat malapit sa 1 or -1 (to determine if there
is a significant relationship)

p-VALUE-
STATISTICAL TOOLS
**(highly significant) ≤ 0.01
DESCRIPTIVE- ex. frequency count, percentage, mean,
median, range, standard deviation *(significant) ≤0.01

INFERENTIAL-

• CORRELATION- test of relationships ANOVA- test of differences with two or more variable
• T-TEST- test of differences
BASIS OF CORRELATION ANALYSIS- p value

*MULTIPLE REGRESSION- could only find the predictors


DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS if there is a strong relationship between
variables(correlation)
STANDARD DEVIATION -
variation/dispersion/distribution of data

• LARGE RANGE BETWEEN VARIABLES = widely DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS:


distributed/dispersed ex. 10,20,30,40
SEX uses frequency count and percentage
• SMALL RANGE BETWEEN VARIABLES = not widely
dispersed ex. 16,17,18,19 EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT uses frequency count

IN MAKING A PARADIGM: RATIONALE- practical


situations/applications/problems/observations that
IMPLIED VARIABLE- SDC (independent) prompted u to conduct the study
-describe each variables

ORDER OF SIGNIFICANCE:
*FOR SOP administrator
categorize the main variables teacher
additional ques: is there a significant relationship parents
between sdc and english performance of the students
students

future reseachers
*TO CORRELATE- correlation using pearson r value

OPERATIONAL DEFINITION OF TERMS


*BASIS OF HYPOTHESIS- questions that require
inferential stats - described based on how they are used,

ex. academic performance- refers to the general average


by the respondents last school year 2022-2023
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK- concepts, verbal
explanation of concepts

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK- explains theories,


principles, research findings, generalizations. (look for
theories as a basis abt ur variables)

2 TYPES OF EXPERIMENTAL

- control

- experimental

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