Kimia Industri

BAB 9 Chemicals in Industry

PRAKTIS SPM (iv) Atom sulfur

Rantai polimer getah (rangkai silang)
Rubber polymer chain Sulphur atom
Soalan Objektif (cross linkage)

1. D 2. D S
S
3. A 4. A S S

5. D 6. D
7. A 8. A Bahagian C / Section C
9. B 10. D
3. (a) Adakah aloi lebih tahan terhadap kakisan berbanding
Soalan Subjektif dengan logam tulen?
Is alloy more resistant to corrosion compared to pure
Bahagian A / Section A metal?
1. (a) (i) Jenis paku Keadaan paku (b) Paku keluli nirkarat lebih tahan kakisan berbanding
Type of nail Condition of nail paku besi.
A stainless steel nail is more resistant to corrosion
Paku besi Terdapat lapisan perang compared to an iron nail.
Iron nail There is brown layer
(c) (i) Mengkaji ketahanan aloi terhadap kakisan
Paku keluli Tiada lapisan perang berbanding logam tulen
Steel nail No brown layer To study the resistance of an alloy to corrosion
compared to a pure metal

(ii) Paku keluli tidak mempunyai lapisan perang (ii) • Pemboleh ubah dimanipulasikan: Jenis
pada permukaan kerana keluli ialah sejenis aloi. paku
Manipulated variable: Type of nail
Steel nail does not have a brown layer on the
surface because steel is an alloy. • Pemboleh ubah bergerak balas: Pengaratan
paku
(b) Loyang / Brass Responding variable: Rusting of nail
(c) Aloi ialah bahan yang tiada lapisan perang selepas • Pemboleh ubah dimalarkan: Isi padu air
direndam dalam air garam selama 2 hari. Constant variable: Volume of water
Alloy is a material that has no brown layer after being (iii) 1. Paku besi dan paku keluli nirkarat
soaked in salt water for 2 days. dibersihkan dengan menggunakan kertas
(d) Type of alloy Use of alloy pasir untuk menyingkirkan oksidanya.
Jenis aloi Kegunaan aloi The iron nail and the stainless steel nail are
cleaned using sandpaper to remove its oxide.
Duralumin Medal 2. Dua tabung uji diisi dengan air tulen.
Duralumin Pingat Two test tubes are filled with pure water.
Gangsa Kapal terbang 3. Paku-paku itu diletakkan di dalam setiap
Bronze Aeroplane tabung uji dan dibiarkan selama dua hari.
The nails are placed in each test tube and left
for two days.
Bahagian B / Section B 4. Keadaan paku besi dan paku keluli nirkarat
2. (a) Duralumin / Duralumin direkodkan.
The conditions of the iron nail and stainless
(b) (i) Sulfur / Sulphur steel nail are recorded.
(ii) X menghasilkan rangkai silang antara rantai
polimer getah yang menyebabkan getah (iv) Jenis paku Pengaratan paku
tervulkan lebih kuat dan tahan haba. Type of nail Rusting of nail
X produces cross linkage between the rubber Paku besi
polymer chains that makes vulcanised rubber Iron nail
stronger and resistant to heat.
Paku keluli nirkarat
(iii) Keras dan lebih kenyal / Tahan haba / Penebat Stainless steel nail
elektrik / Susah teroksida dalam udara.
Hard and more elastic / Heat resistance / Electrical
insulator / Difficult to be oxidised in air.