REPORT TEXT

Report text is a type of text in English that describes the details of an object. Details in this text are
scientific details which include the description of objects, both physical and non-physical, from
scientific facts about the object.
Report Text is included in the Descriptive Text, which provides information to readers about the
object of this text itself. Although Report Text and Description Text are almost the same, they are
actually two different texts. Report Text tends to lead to scientific factual text and is more general than
Description Text so that there is no subjective opinion from the author.
The function of report text is to describe the way things are, with reference to arrange on natural,
manmade, and social phenomena in our environment in details.
Generic Structure of Report text
 General Clasification (stating classification of general aspect of thing; animal, public place, plant,
etc which will be discussed in general.)
 Description (tells what the phenomenon under discussion; in terms of parts, qualities, habits or
behaviors.)
The Characteristics / Language Feature of Report text
 Use of general nouns, eg hunting dogs, rather than particular nouns, eg our dog;
 Use of relating verbs to describe features, eg Molecules are tiny particles;
 Some use of action verbs when describing behaviour, eg Emus cannot fly;
 Use of timeless present tense to indicate usualness, eg Tropical cyclones always begin over the sea;
 Use of technical terms, eg Isobars are lines drawn on a weather map;
 Use of paragraphs with topic sentences to organise bundles of information; repeated naming of the
topic as the beginning focus of the clause.

Example:
Title Pigeon
General Pigeon refers to all birds of the family Columbidae and order Columbiformes.
Clasification They consist of 310 species. Some people may also know them as “Doves”. There is
no clear distinction between the use of the word “pigeons” and “doves” until today.
But generally, the word “Pigeons” is used to address the species known as the Rock
Dove, while the word “Doves” is used to address a pigeon that is white.
Description Pigeons exhibit various size and color based on their species. The smallest
species may have the size of 15 cm and weight 30 g, while the largest species can
grow up to 75 cm with the body weight of 2 kg. Some of their color are: pale gray,
white, brown, reddish and black. Most of them have two black bars on their wings.
They have a small head with short beak. Their body is compact with two large and
muscular wings and two short legs on it.
Pigeons can be found almost in any region in the world. They have been
domesticated since 10.000 years ago. They have been used by humans for several
purposes such as courier to deliver short written messages, sacred symbols in a
wedding ceremony, entertainment in a magic show and also as a racing birds. Some
species are also edible and they are served as food in some places.

Task 1
A. Read the text carefully.
Honey Bee
Honey bee is the name given to some species of bees who have the ability to produce honey
and beeswax. Of all 20.000 species of bees in the world, there are only seven species which belong
to the group of honey bee. They are insect and all of them belong to the genus Apis. One of the
most famous honey bee is the Western Honey Bee.
There are three castes of honey bee and each of them has their own job or function. The first
one is the Queen. The queen is a female honey bee with the job to lay eggs and to be the mother of
all bees in the colony. There is only one queen in a colony of bees. An exclusive food called “royal
jelly” is what makes a female honey bee grow larger than other honey bees and became the queen.
The second one is the Workers. The workers are all female honey bees in a colony except the
queen. They can consist of as much as 60.000 bees in single colony. Some of their duties are:
feeding the brood, collecting food, receiving nectar, cleaning the hive, guard duty, producing honey
and also producing beeswax. The third one is the Drones. Drones are all male bees in a colony. The
 drones have one job only and that is to fertilize the queen during the mating process and will soon
be dead after that.
The largest species of bee in the world is the Indonesian resin bee who can grow up to the size
of 39 millimetres and the smallest species is the Dwarf stingless bees with the size of 2
millimetres. They have the typical body of an insect with three sections: the head, thorax and
abdomen. They have two large eyes, two antenna, a mouth and a long proboscis on their head.
They use the proboscis to suck up nectar from a flower which later be kept on their hind legs.
There are three pairs of legs and two pairs of wings on their thorax. There are nine segments on
their abdomen and the last three segments is modified into the sting.

B. Analyze its generic structure and re-write in this box below.

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C. Read this text carefully.

Coconuts

Coconut is a common name for the fruit of a tree in palm family. It is classified as Cocos
Nucifera. People usually call the tree as coconut palm. Coconut palm trees grow well in tropical
countries. They grow especially on san soil.
The trees can grow up to 30 m high. They have a cylindrical trunk. At the top of the trunk
there is a crown of leaves. The leaves are long, about 3 to 4,5 m long.
The fruit grows in clusters. In one cluster, there about 5 to 20 coconuts. The fruit is oval and
about 30 cm long. It has a thick husk and hard shell. Inside the shell there white oily fresh. Inside
the shell there is also sweet fluid.
Coconut is high in sugar. It also contains a lot of fat, protein and vitamin. The young coconut
water can be very refreshing drink which contains a lot of minerals.
Coconut palm are very useful plants. People can use every single inch of the tree. They dry the
 coconut meat into copra. After that, they can get oil from it and use it for daily cooking or make it
into soaps or candles. People also use the trunks to build houses. For the roof, they dry the leaves.
People can also make rope and doormats from the coconut’s husk.
Coconuts are usually propagated by seeds. But experts have been trying to clone coconuts or
propagate them by tissue culture.

D. Find the meaning of the following words!

Common: Shell:
Grow: Contain:
Soil: Trunk:
Cluster: Propagate:
Husk: Tissue:

E. Answer the following questions based on the text!

1. What is the scientific name for coconut?
2. Where do the coconuts grow well?
3. How long are the coconut’s leaves?
4. What is inside the coconut’s shell?
5. How many coconuts are there in one cluster?
6. What does coconut contain?
7. What is copra?
8. What can people get from copra?
9. What do people use coconut’s trunk for?
10. How are the coconuts propagated?