Rezazia Nugraha (1 BC)

TEXT 1:
Sunrise on Mount Bromo
Mount Bromo is one of the favorite tourist destinations in East Java. Not only local
tourists, but tourists from abroad also come to watch the beautiful sunrise from
Bromo. This place is located in Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park, precisely in
the east of Malang city. When the sky is clear, you can see the sun ball. First, the
sun looks like a match, slowly zooming in until it forms a full circle and brightens.
Very beautiful scenery. This mountain is one of the tallest mountains. Its height is
2,392 meters above sea level. The sea of sand in these mountains is about 10 m2.
This makes the scenery so stunning that many local and world tourists who
deliberately travel to enjoy this natural beauty. The name Bromo comes from the
Sanskrit language which means Brahma (one of the Hindu gods), because the
majority of Indonesians at that time were Hindus. Mount Bromo has erupted
dozens of times. The temperature on this mountain reaches 10 degrees to 0 degrees
Celsius even in the morning. So, the tourists who come must prepare complete
clothes such as beanie hats, gloves, socks, scarves to overcome them. But if there
are visitors who forget to bring their equipment, there will be many vendors
offering goods in the form of hats, gloves, or scarves. Another place around Mount
Bromo that is suitable to see the sunrise is the hill in front of the mountain. This is
a great view to enjoy the sunset and sunrise. On this hill, visitors can enjoy the
beautiful sea of sand.

CONCLUSION:
Bromo in East Java is a renowned tourist spot known for its captivating sunrise.
Situated in Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park, it stands at 2,392 meters above
sea level and features a vast sea of sand, drawing tourists worldwide. The name
"Bromo" has Hindu origins, reflecting Indonesia's history. Visitors should prepare
for chilly temperatures by bringing warm clothing or purchasing from nearby
vendors. The hill in front of Mount Bromo offers fantastic sunset and sunrise views
over the sea of sand.
SOURCE: https://m.brilio.net/ragam/25-contoh-text-descriptive-bahasa-inggris-lengkap-dengan-
penjelasannya-221017w/contoh-text-descriptive-bahasa-inggris-tentang-pariwisata-2210173.html

TEXT 2:
Covid-19 impact on tourism
Before COVID-19, travel and tourism had become one of the most important
sectors in the world economy, accounting for 10 percent of global GDP and more
than 320 million jobs worldwide. In 1950, at the dawn of the jet age, just 25
million people took foreign trips. By 2019, that number had reached 1.5 billion,
and the travel and tourism sector had grown to almost too-big-to-fail proportions
for many economies. Tourism receipts worldwide are not expected to recover to
2019 levels until 2023. In the first half of this year, tourist arrivals fell globally by
more than 65 percent, with a near halt since April—compared with 8 percent
during the global financial crisis and 17 percent amid the SARS epidemic of 2003,
according to ongoing IMF research on tourism in a post-pandemic world. The
October World Economic Outlook projected the global economy would contract by
4.4 percent in 2020. The shock in tourism-dependent economies will be far worse.
Real GDP among African countries dependent on tourism will shrink by 12
percent. Among tourism-dependent Caribbean nations, the decline will also reach
12 percent. Pacific island nations such as Fiji could see real GDP shrink by a
staggering 21 percent in 2020.

CONCLUSION:
Before COVID-19, tourism was a vital sector, contributing 10% of global GDP
and employing over 320 million people. In 2019, 1.5 billion people traveled
internationally. However, the pandemic hit hard, and tourism isn't expected to fully
recover until 2023. In the first half of the year, global tourist arrivals dropped by
over 65%, far worse than previous crises. Tourism-dependent economies,
especially in Africa, the Caribbean, and the Pacific islands, are facing significant
GDP contractions, up to 21% in Fiji.
SOURCE: https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/fandd/issues/2020/12/impact-of-the-pandemic-on-
tourism-behsudi

TEXT 3:
The origin of tourism
At the beginning of the 1930s, one of the first theoreticians of the German School
of Tourism studies, Arthur Bormann, defines tourism as the set of trips made for
pleasure or for commercial reasons, during which the absence of habitual residence
is temporary. Trips made to travel to the workplace are not tourism. According to
the UNWTO, a visitor (internal, receiving or sending) is classified as a tourist (or
overnight visitor) if his trip includes an overnight stay, or as a same-day visitor. A
hiker is a person who visits a destination, but does not spend the night there.The
theoretical pioneers in Tourism, Walter Hunziker and Kurt Krapf, say in 1942 that
“Tourism is the set of relationships and phenomena produced by the displacement
and permanence of people outside their domicile, insofar as said displacements and
permanence are not motivated by a lucrative activity”. Both Hunziker and Krapf
come from the school of St. Gallen (Switzerland) which proposed the idea of
studying tourism as a mechanism focused on the socio-economic reproduction of a
society. Tourism consumption reflects the cultural values of a society.

CONCLUSION:
Certainly, tourism involves trips for pleasure or business, staying temporarily away
from home. UNWTO classifies visitors as tourists (with overnight stays) or same-
day visitors. Tourism is about people leaving home without profit motives,
impacting society, reflecting cultural values.
SOURCE: https://mediterrani.com/en/the-origin-of-tourism-we-get historical/

NEW VOCABS:
1. Dawn: The beginning or start of something.
2. Jet age: Referring to the era when jet-powered aircraft became prominent..
3. Staggering: Extremely surprising or shocking.
4. Precisely: Exactly or accurately.
5. Deliberately: Intentionally or on purpose.
6. Majority: The greater part or number; more than half.
7. Beanie: A type of close-fitting hat that covers the head and often the ears.
8. Sun Ball: A poetic term for the sun when it appears as a round, bright sphere in
the sky.
9. Scenery: The natural features of an area, especially when they are attractive to
look at.
10.Stunning: Extremely impressive or attractive.
11.Ttheoretician: People who engage in the study and development of theories or
principles.
12.Theoretical: Relating to or based on theory rather than practical considerations.
13.Commercial:Relatedto business or profit-making activities.
14.Absence: The state of being away or not present.
15.Habitual: Done or experienced regularly or repeatedly.
16.UNWTO - The United Nations World Tourism Organization, an international
agency that deals with matters related to tourism.
17.Overnight stay - Spending a night at a location away from one's usual residence.
18.Same-day visitor - Someone who visits a place but does not stay overnight.
19.Hiker - A person who engages in hiking, which involves walking or trekking in
natural environments.
20.Domicile - A person's place of permanent residence.Socio-economic -
Pertaining to the social and economic aspects of a society.
21.Reproduction - In this context, it refers to the continuation or perpetuation of
societal structures and practices.
22.Cultural values - Beliefs, customs, and principles that reflect the culture of a
society.