RALPH BRENZ R.

AGOT
22-1-02541

ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT

1. Why is planning an important activity for engineer managers?

Planning is very useful for determining whether a goal is realistic by critically

evaluating it. By estimating when the business can reach its goal, it makes decision-
making easier and enables setting a deadline.

2. How may 'planning' be defined?

Thinking about the steps necessary to accomplish a goal is the process of planning.
Foresight, the fundamental ability for mental time travel, is the foundation of
planning. The ability to plan ahead and exhibit foresight is assumed to have evolved
early in the course of human evolution.

3. What planning activities are undertaken at various management levels?

-Operational Planning

According to motivational speaker for leaders Mack Story, operational plans are
about how things should proceed. The mission's guidelines have been established.

-Strategic Planning

A high-level perspective of the entire company is a component of strategic planning.

It serves as the organization's fundamental framework and will guide long-term
choices. The scope of strategic planning can be anywhere from the next two years to
the next 10 years. A strategic plan should include a vision, purpose, and values
statement.

-Tactical Planning

Planning for the short and long term is tactical planning. It contains the strategies the
company intends to employ to carry out the objectives set forth in the strategic plan.
The scope usually reduces the strategic plan into manageable pieces and lasts for less
than a year. Operational planning differs from tactical planning in that operational
plans ask how the organization will typically carry out something in order to achieve
the organization's objective, whereas tactical plans ask specific questions about what
has to happen in order to achieve a strategic goal.

-Contingency Planning

Planning for contingencies might be useful in situations where a change is necessary.

Although managers should account for changes when engaging in any of the major
planning activities, contingency planning is crucial in situations where changes cannot
be anticipated. Contingency planning becomes more crucial to engage in and
comprehend as the business environment becomes more complex.

4. Explain why planning and controlling are inseparable.

Despite being two distinct managerial functions, planning and controlling are tightly
intertwined. the extent of the activities if they both overlap. Without a foundation in
planning, controlling becomes pointless, and without controlling, planning loses all
purpose. There is no objective that can be accomplished by not governing. Planning
and controlling so complement one another. The following points sum up the
relationship between the two, according to Billy Goetz:

5. What are the types of plans?

strategic, tactical, operational, and contingency planning.