Importance of Entity Relationship Modeling

● Effective Communication: ER Diagrams serve as a

universal language that bridges the gap between
technical experts and non-technical stakeholders. They
facilitate effective communication and collaboration
during the database design phase.

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Entity Relationship Modeling
● Accurate Database Design: ER Modeling guides the
design process by defining entities, attributes,
relationships, and constraints. This accuracy leads to a
well-structured and reliable database system that
accurately reflects the application's requirements.

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Entity Relationship Modeling
● Identification of Entities and Attributes: Through ER
Modeling, designers can identify all the relevant entities
and attributes that need to be stored in the database.
This prevents crucial data from being overlooked during
the design process.

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Components of ER Modelling
Entities:
● Entities are real-world objects or concepts that have
data to be stored.
● They represent nouns in the application domain, such as
"Customer," "Product," "Employee," etc.
● Each entity is represented by a rectangle in an ER
diagram.

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Components of ER Modelling
Entities:

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Components of ER Modelling
Attributes:
● Attributes are properties or characteristics of entities that
describe their data.
● They represent the data elements that need to be stored for
each entity.
● Attributes can be simple (single-valued) or composite (having
sub-attributes).
● Examples of attributes for a "Customer" entity:
"CustomerID," "Name," "Email."
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Components of ER Modelling
Attributes:

Student_ID
Student_Name

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Components of ER Modelling
Relationships:
● Relationships define the associations between entities.
● They represent how entities interact or are connected
with each other.
● Relationships have a direction and are typically named
to indicate the nature of the connection.
● Examples of relationships: "Enrollment" between
"Student" and "Course."

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Components of ER Modelling
Relationships:

Assigned

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Components of ER Modelling
Cardinality and Participation:
● Cardinality specifies the number of instances of one entity
that can be associated with instances of another entity.
● It includes concepts like one-to-one (1:1), one-to-many
(1:N), and many-to-many (N:M) relationships.
● Participation indicates whether an entity is mandatory
(participates fully) or optional (may not participate) in a
relationship.

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