API RP 530-2009 Data Book

API 530 Material Data Book
August, 2009 Edition
Prepared by
The Equity Engineering Group, Inc.
and
The Materials Properties Council, Inc.
API RP530 Material Data Book 2009 Edition
API 530 MATERIAL DATA BOOK
Table of Contents
1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... 2
2 Yield Strength ....................................................................................................................................... 2
3 Ultimate Tensile Strength.................................................................................................................... 2
4 time-independent Allowable Stress ................................................................................................... 2
5 Larson-Miller Parameter ...................................................................................................................... 3
6 time-dependent Allowable Stress ...................................................................................................... 3
7 Rupture Exponent ................................................................................................................................ 4
8 Applicable ASTM Specifications ........................................................................................................ 4
9 Material Physical Properties ............................................................................................................... 4
10 Nomenclature ....................................................................................................................................... 4
11 Example Problems ............................................................................................................................... 6
12 Tables .................................................................................................................................................. 25
13 Technical Basis .................................................................................................................................. 45
13.1 Overview ..................................................................................................................................... 45
13.2 Low Carbon Steel ...................................................................................................................... 46
13.3 Medium Carbon Steel ................................................................................................................ 49
13.4 C-0.5Mo ....................................................................................................................................... 52
13.5 1.25Cr-0.5Mo .............................................................................................................................. 55
13.6 2.25Cr-1Mo ................................................................................................................................. 58
13.7 3Cr-1Mo ...................................................................................................................................... 61
13.8 5Cr-0.5Mo ................................................................................................................................... 64
13.9 5Cr-0.5Mo-Si............................................................................................................................... 67
13.10 7Cr-0.5Mo ................................................................................................................................... 70
13.11 9Cr-1Mo ...................................................................................................................................... 73
13.12 9Cr-1Mo-0.25V............................................................................................................................ 76
13.13 Type 304L Stainless Steel ........................................................................................................ 79
13.14 Type 304 & 304H Stainless Steel ............................................................................................. 82
13.16 Type 316 & 316H Stainless Steel ............................................................................................. 88
13.18 Type 321 Stainless Steel ........................................................................................................... 95
13.19 Type 321H Stainless Steel ........................................................................................................ 98
13.20 Type 347 Stainless Steel ......................................................................................................... 101
13.21 Type 347H Stainless Steel ...................................................................................................... 104
13.22 Alloy 800 ................................................................................................................................... 107
13.23 Alloy 800H ................................................................................................................................ 110
13.24 Alloy 800HT .............................................................................................................................. 113
13.25 HK-40 ........................................................................................................................................ 116
1
API RP530 Material Data Book August, 2009
1 INTRODUCTION
The material data presented in this publication update those in prior editions of API RP530 and were
specifically gathered by the Materials Properties Council (MPC) and prepared for use for the design of
fired heater tubes. The material data required for a design calculation in accordance with RP530/ISO
13704are the yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, the rupture exponent, and the minimum and
average stress rupture properties as described using Larson-Miller Parameter equations. This
information is used to obtain the time-independent or elastic allowable stress and the time-dependent or
rupture allowable stresses used in determining the required wall thickness of a fired heater tube or bend
for a specified service life and temperature.
The sections that follow describe each of the properties provided. A series of examples illustrate
application of the analytical expressions used to represent the data. The final sections of this report
provide in tabular and graphical form the yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, and the minimum and
average stress rupture properties. Comparisons of the updated properties with those in the prior edition
of API RP530/ISO 13704 are shown.
2 YIELD STRENGTH
Equation (1) is used to represent the yield strength as a function of temperature. The coefficients for use
in this equation for each of the materials in API RP530/ISO 13704 are provided in Table 1.
( ⎡C0 + C1T + C2T 2 + C3T 3 + C4T 4 + C5T 5 ⎤

σ ys = σ ysrt ⋅ 10⎣ ⎦
) ( ksi, F )
o
(1)
The yield strength at temperatures above room temperature may be calculated using this equation by
multiplying the yield strength value at room temperature by a temperature dependent ratio term. If σ ysrt
chosen for this equation is the minimum room temperature value of yield strength, then the resulting value
at a higher temperature can be taken as the best estimate or maximum likelihood estimate of a minimum
value. If the average room temperature value of yield strength is used in Equation (1), then the resulting
value at temperature can be taken as the best estimate or maximum likelihood estimate of an average
value. The ratios are deemed to be applicable over the range of commonly provided and heat treatments
for the respective materials.
3 ULTIMATE TENSILE STRENGTH

Equation (2) is in the same form as Equation (1) and is used to represent the ultimate tensile strength as
a function of temperature. The coefficients also are provided in Table 1.
σ uts = σ uts
rt
(
⋅ 10⎣
⎡C0 + C1T + C2T 2 + C3T 3 + C4T 4 +C5T 5 ⎤
⎦
) ( ksi, F )
o
(2)
The ultimate tensile strength at temperatures above room temperature may be calculated using this
equation by multiplying the ultimate tensile strength value at room temperature by a temperature
dependent ratio term. If the minimum room temperature value of ultimate tensile strength is used in
Equation (2), then the resulting value at temperature can be taken as the best estimate or maximum
likelihood estimate of a minimum value. If the average room temperature value of ultimate tensile
strength is used in Equation (2), then the resulting value at temperature can be taken as the best estimate
or maximum likelihood estimate of an average value.
4 TIME-INDEPENDENT ALLOWABLE STRESS

As shown in Table 2 and Equation (3), the time-independent or elastic allowable stress for each alloy is
proportional to the yield strength over a specific range of temperatures.
Se = Fed ⋅ σ ys (3)
2
5 LARSON-MILLER PARAMETER
The Larson Miller Parameter (LMP) provides a relationship between stress, time to failure (taken here to
mean service or design life, Ld ,) and temperature. The basic expression for the Larson-Miller Parameter
is given by Equation (4).
LMP (σ ) = (T + 460 ) ( C + log10 [ Ld ]) ( hours, ksi, F )
o
(4)
Equations (5) and (6) are alternate forms of the same equation. In Equation (5) the time or service life is
shown as a function of applied stress and temperature. In Equation (6), the temperature is a function of
the applied stress and service life.
⎡ LMP (σ ) ⎤
⎢ −C ⎥
Ld = 10 ⎣⎢ (T + 460 ) ⎦⎥
( hours, ksi, F )
o
(5)
LMP(σ )
T= − 460 ( hours, ksi, F )
o
( C + log10 [ Ld ])
(6)
The C coefficient in Equations (4), (5), and (6) is the Larson-Miller Constant. The Larson-Miller constant
is optimized for each material by statistical regression with log time as the dependent variable. The
optimum value of C is calculated for the average of the data. The somewhat larger value shown for the
minimum line is appropriate to represent the variance expected at a 95% confidence interval.
In this document, the Larson-Miller Parameter for each material is presented as a polynomial in log10 of
stress in the form given by Equation (7). The coefficients of Equation (7) for each material are provided in
Table 3. The Larson-Miller constant, C , applicable to the average and minimum properties for each
material is also shown in Table 3.
LMP = A0 + A1 ⋅ log10 [σ ] + A2 ⋅ ( log10 [σ ]) + A3 ⋅ ( log10 [σ ])

2 3
(7)
The equations for the Larson-Miller Parameter should not be used for temperatures outside the limiting
metal temperature ranges shown for each material in Table 3.
Note that this treatment of the Larson-Miller Parameter is different from that in API RP530/ISO 13704 6 th
Edition. In that document, non-optimized Larson-Miller Constants are used for broad material groups,
C = 20 for ferrous materials and C = 15 for high alloy and nonferrous materials. Here alloy specific,
optimized Larson-Miller Parameter constants are provided so that the equations represent minimum and
average behavior more precisely. Also extrapolation of behavior with temperature is sensitive to the
constant used.
6 TIME-DEPENDENT ALLOWABLE STRESS

The time-dependent allowable stress, σ , may be determined from the Larson-Miller Parameter given by
Equation (7). The solution is given by Equation (8).
σ = 10− X (8)
The parameter X in Equation (8) is computed as follows based on the values of the coefficients in
Equation (7) as shown below.
a) Case 1 – A1 is not equal to zero and A2 and A3 are equal to zero:
A0 − LMP
X = (9)
A1
b) Case 2 – A2 is not equal to zero, A3 is equal to zero, and A1 can be any value including zero:
A1 + A12 − 4 A2 ( A0 − LMP )
X= (10)
2 A2
3
c) Case 3 – A3 is not equal to zero, and A1 and A2 can be any values including zero:
A2 Q
X= −S − (11)
3 A3 S
where,
1 ⎡⎛ A2 ⎞ ⎛ A ⎞⎤
2
Q = ⎢⎜ ⎟ − 3 ⎜ 1 ⎟ ⎥ (12)
9 ⎢⎝ A3 ⎠ ⎝ A3 ⎠ ⎥⎦
⎣
3
⎛A ⎞ ⎛AA ⎞ ⎛ A − LMP ⎞
2 ⎜ 2 ⎟ − 9 ⎜ 2 2 1 ⎟ + 27 ⎜ 0 ⎟
R= ⎝ A3 ⎠ ⎝ A3 ⎠ ⎝ A3 ⎠ (13)
54
⎛ R⎞
( )
1
S = − ⎜ ⎟ R + R 2 − Q3 3
(14)
⎜ R⎟
⎝ ⎠
7 RUPTURE EXPONENT
The rupture exponent can be obtained from the first derivative of log time with respect to stress at any
temperature. It is used in a design calculation procedure in API RP530/ISO 13704. The rupture
exponents were determined from the 60,000-hour and 100,000-hour times and minimum rupture strength
Larson-Miller parameter curves. The following equation was used to calculate for the rupture exponent,
n , at various temperatures.
log10 [100, 000] − log [ 60, 000]
n= (15)
log ⎡⎣ S100,000 ⎤⎦ − log ⎡⎣ S60,000 ⎤⎦
Solution points of the rupture exponents were fitted with a fifth order polynomial, Equation (16), the
coefficients of which are presented in Table 4. It should be noted that the r2 value for each fit is very
close to 1.
n = C0 + C1T + C2T 2 + C3T 3 + C4T 4 + C5T 5 (16)
8 APPLICABLE ASTM SPECIFICATIONS

The applicable ASTM specifications for the generic material types that data are provided for are shown in
Table 5.
9 MATERIAL PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

Physical properties for materials that may be required in heat transfer and stress calculations (i.e.,
modulus of elasticity, thermal expansion coefficient, thermal conductivity, and thermal diffusivity) may be
obtained from WRC 503 for the materials covered in this document.
10 NOMENCLATURE
A0 → A5 coefficients used to determine the minimum and average Larson-Miller parameter as a
function of stress, as applicable.
C Larson-Miller Constant, average or minimum value as applicable.
Cavg Larson-Miller Constant, average properties.
4
Cmin Larson-Miller Constant, minimum properties.
C0 → C5 coefficients used to determine the yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, and rupture
exponent as a function of temperature, as applicable.
Fed elastic allowable stress design factor.
Ld service or design life in hours.

LMP Larson-Miller Parameter.
n rupture exponent.
T Temperature in degrees Fahrenheit.
S60,000 stress to cause rupture in 60,000 hours.
S100,000 stress to cause rupture in 100,000 hours.
X time-independent allowable stress parameter.

Q time-independent allowable stress parameter.
R time-independent allowable stress parameter.
S time-independent allowable stress parameter.
σ applied stress in ksi.
σ ys yield stress in ksi.
σ uts ultimate tensile strength in ksi.
σ ysrt minimum specified yield strength in ksi at room temperature.
σ uts
rt
minimum specified ultimate tensile strength in ksi at room temperature.
5
11 EXAMPLE PROBLEMS
11.1 Problem 1 – Calculate the yield and the tensile strength at 400°F, for 2.25Cr-1Mo.
a) STEP 1 – Determine the minimum specified yield strength at room temperature from Table 1. Note
that this procedure is applicable to other room temperature strength values.
σ ysrt = 30 ksi (17)
b) STEP 2 – Determine the yield strength at 400°F using Equations (1) and(18). Equation (18) is also
shown in the notes section of Table 1.
⎡C0 + C1T + C2T 2 + C3T 3 + C4T 4 + C5T 5 ⎤
σ ys = σ ysrt ⋅10 ⎣ ⎦
(18)
The coefficients, C0 through C5 for 2.25Cr-1Mo are determined from Table 1.

C0 = 2.1540371E-02
C1 = -3.2503600E-04
C2 = 2.2155200E-07
(19)
C3 = 4.1358400E-10
C4 = -6.4839900E-13
C5 = 1.5027000E-16
Substituting these values into Equation (18) results in:
σ ys = 26.032 ksi (20)
or for a value in SI units:
⎛ MPa ⎞
σ ys = 26.032 ksi ⎜ 6.894757 ⎟ = 179.5 MPa (21)
⎝ ksi ⎠
c) STEP 3 – Determine the minimum specified ultimate tensile strength at room temperature from Table
1.
σ uts
rt
= 60 ksi (22)
d) STEP 4 – Determine the tensile strength at 400°F using Equations (2) and (23). Equation (23) is
also shown in the notes section of Table 1.
⎡C0 + C1T + C2T 2 + C3T 3 + C4T 4 + C5T 5 ⎤
σ uts = σ uts
rt
⋅10⎣ ⎦
(23)

C0 = 1.4704266E-02
C1 = -1.9874800E-04
C2 = -2.9115300E-07
(24)
C3 = 2.0040500E-09
C4 = -2.2341400E-12
C5 = 5.9263200E-16
6

σ uts = 55.451 ksi (25)
or for a value in SI units:
⎛ MPa ⎞
σ uts = 55.451 ksi ⎜ 6.894757 ⎟ = 382.3 MPa (26)
⎝ ksi ⎠
11.2 Problem 2 – Determine the elastic design stress for 2.25 Cr-1Mo at 500°F.
a) STEP 1 – Determine the minimum specified yield strength at room temperature from Table 1.
b) STEP 2 – Determine the yield strength at 500°F using Equation (28). This equation is also shown in
the notes section of Table 1.
⎡C0 + C1T + C2T 2 + C3T 3 + C4T 4 + C5T 5 ⎤
σ ys = σ ysrt ⋅10 ⎣ ⎦
(28)

C0 = 2.1540371E-02
C1 = -3.2503600E-04
C2 = 2.2155200E-07
(29)
C3 = 4.1358400E-10
C4 = -6.4839900E-13
C5 = 1.5027000E-16
σ ys = 25.555 ksi (30)
c) STEP 3 – Determine the elastic allowable stress factor from Table 2.
2
Fed = (31)
3
d) STEP 4 – Determine the elastic allowable design stress.
⎛2⎞
Se = Fed ⋅ σ ys = ⎜ ⎟ ⋅ 25.555 ksi = 17.034 ksi (32)
⎝3⎠
or in SI units:
⎛ 6.894757 MPa ⎞
Se = 17.034 ksi ⋅ ⎜ ⎟ = 117.4 MPa (33)
⎝ ksi ⎠
7
11.3 Problem 3 – Develop a plot of stress versus Larson-Miller Parameter (LMP) for 2.25Cr-1Mo.
a) STEP 1 – The equation for the Larson-Miller Parameter as a function of stress is given by Equations
(7) and (34). This equation is also shown in the notes section of Table 3, and can be used for both
average and minimum properties.
LMP = A0 + A1 ⋅ log [σ ] + A2 ⋅ ( log [σ ]) + A3 ⋅ ( log [σ ])

2 3
(34)
The coefficients, A0 through A3 for 2.25Cr-1Mo are determined from Table 3.

A0 = 4.3946400E+04
A1 = -8.3900000E+03
(35)
A2 = 0.0
A3 = 0.0
b) STEP 2 – Develop a table of stress verse the Larson-Miller Parameter, see Table 11.3E. Then plot
the Larson-Miller parameter on the x-axis and the stress on the y-axis, see Figure 11.3E.
Table 11.3E – Larson-Miller Parameter as a Function of Stress

Stress, σ (ksi) Larson Miller Parameter, LMP (x10-3)
1 43.946
5 38.082
10 35.556
15 34.079
20 33.031
25 32.218
30 31.553
35 30.992
40 30.505
8
Stress (ksi) 100
10
2.25Cr-1Mo
1
30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44
LMP (x10-3)
Figure 11.3E – Stress verse Larson-Miller Parameter
11.4 Problem 4 – Calculate the service life for 2.25Cr-1Mo at 975°F and 10 ksi stress using the
minimum and average Larson-Miller Parameters.

2 3
(36)
The Larson-Miller constant, C , for minimum properties, and the coefficients A0 through A3 for
2.25Cr-1Mo are determined from Table 3.
C = 1.9565607 E + 01
A0 = 4.3946400 E + 04
A1 = -8.3900000 E + 03 (37)
A2 = 0.0
A3 = 0.0
9
The Larson-Miller constant, C , for average properties, and the coefficients A0 through A3 for
2.25Cr-1Mo are determined from Table 3. In this case, he parameter C is the only value that differs
between the minimum and average material properties. The Larson-Miller constant, C , for average
properties is given by Equation (38).
C = 1.8918100E+01 (38)
b) STEP 2 – The service life, Ld , can be determined with the information in STEP 1 and Equation (39),
which is shown below.
⎡ LMP (σ ) ⎤
⎢ −C ⎥
⎣⎢ (T + 460 ) ⎦⎥
Ld = 10 (39)
For a temperature and stress of 975°F and 10 ksi, the Larson-Miller Parameter and the associated
service life, Ld , based on minimum properties are:
LMP = 35556.4 (40)
Ld = 164013 hours (41)
For a temperature and stress of 975°F and 10 ksi, the service life, Ld , based on average properties
is:
Ld = 728429 hours (42)
11.5 Problem 5 – Determine the service life for 2.25Cr-1Mo at 515°C and 100 MPa using the
minimum and average Larson-Miller Parameters.
a) STEP 1 – Convert the temperature and stress to US Customary units.
T = 1.8 ( 515 o F ) + 32 = 959 o F (43)
⎛ 1 ksi ⎞
σ = 100 MPa ⋅ ⎜ ⎟ = 14.504 ksi (44)
⎝ 6.894757 MPa ⎠
b) STEP 2 – The equation for the Larson-Miller Parameter as a function of stress is given by Equations
(7) and (45). This equation is also shown in the notes section of Table 3.

2 3
(45)
C = 1.9565607E+01
A0 = 4.3946400E+04
A1 = -8.3900000E+03 (46)
A2 = 0.0
A3 = 0.0
10
2.25Cr-1Mo are determined from Table 3. In this case, the parameter C is the only value that
differs between the minimum and average material properties. The Larson-Miller constant for
average properties, C , is given by Equation (38).
C = 1.8918100E+01 (47)
c) STEP 3 – The service life, Ld , can be determined with the information in STEP 1 and Equation (48),
which is shown below.
⎡ LMP (σ ) ⎤
⎢ −C ⎥
⎣⎢ (T + 460 ) ⎦⎥
Ld = 10 (48)
For a temperature and stress of 515°C (959°F) and 100 MPa (14.393 ksi), the Larson-Miller
Parameter and service life, Ld , based on minimum properties is:
LMP = 34210 (49)
Ld = 34600 hours (50)
For a temperature and stress of 515°C (959°F) and 100 MPa (14.393 ksi), the service life, Ld ,
based on average properties is:
Ld = 153800 hours (51)
11.6 Problem 6 – Determine the Rupture Exponent, n , for 2.25 Cr-1Mo as a function of
temperature.
a) STEP 1 – The equation for the Rupture Exponent, n as a function of temperature, T , is given by
Equations (16) and (52). This equation is also shown in the notes section of Table 4.
n = C0 + C1T + C2T 2 + C3T 3 + C4T 4 + C5T 5 (52)
b) STEP 2 – The coefficients, C0 through C5 for 2.25Cr-1Mo are determined from Table 4.
C0 = 1.6116223E+01
C1 = -2.2988479E-02
C2 = 2.1835770E-05
(53)
C3 = -1.2833734E-08
C4 = 4.2012778E-12
C5 = -5.8449546E-16
c) STEP 3 – Develop a table of the Rupture Exponent, n , verse temperature, T , using Equations (52)
and (53), see Table 11.6E. Then plot the temperature on the x-axis and the rupture exponent on the
y-axis, see Figure 11.6E.
11
Table 11.6E – Rupture Exponent as a Function of Temperature

o
Temperature, T ( F ) Rupture Exponent, n
800 6.659
850 6.405
900 6.169
950 5.950
1000 5.747
1050 5.556
1100 5.378
1150 5.211
1200 5.054
7.0
6.5
Rupture Exponenet, n
6.0
5.5
2.25Cr-1Mo
5.0
800 850 900 950 1000 1050 1100 1150 1200
Temperature (oF)
Figure 11.6E – Rupture Exponent as a Function of Temperature
12
11.7 Problem 7 – Develop a plot of stress verse service life for 2.25 Cr-1Mo at temperatures of
1000°F and 1025°F based on the minimum Larson-Miller constant.
a) STEP 1 – The equation for the Larson-Miller Parameter as a function of stress, σ is given by
Equations (7) and (54). This equation is also shown in the notes section of Table 3.

2 3
(54)
C = 1.9565607E+01
A0 = 4.3946400E+04
A1 = -8.3900000E+03 (55)
A2 = 0.0
A3 = 0.0
b) STEP 2 – The service life, Ld , can be determined with the information in STEP 1 and Equation (56).
⎡ LMP (σ ) ⎤
⎢ −C ⎥
⎢⎣ (T + 460 ) ⎥⎦
Ld = 10 (56)
Using Equations (54), (55), and (56), the Larson-Miller parameter and service life, Ld , can be
computed as a function of stress. Data points for 2.25Cr-1Mo at 1000°F and 1025°F, based on the
minimum Larson-Miller parameter are shown in Table 11.7E. These data are subsequently used to
create the plot shown in Figure 11.7E.
Table 11.7E – Sample of Tabulated Values Used to Plot Figure 9.7E
Design Life, Ld ( hours )

Stress, σ ( ksi ) LMP
1000 o F 1025 o F
2 4.142E+04 6.416E+08 2.136E+08
4 3.890E+04 1.195E+07 4.254E+06
6 3.742E+04 1.163E+06 4.305E+05
8 3.637E+04 2.226E+05 8.473E+04
10 3.556E+04 6.174E+04 2.402E+04
12 3.489E+04 2.165E+04 8.574E+03
14 3.433E+04 8.929E+03 3.589E+03
16 3.384E+04 4.145E+03 1.688E+03
18 3.341E+04 2.107E+03 8.675E+02
20 3.303E+04 1.150E+03 4.784E+02
13
Stress (ksi) 100
10
o
1000 F
o
1025 F
1
100000
Time (hours)
Figure 11.7E – Rupture Stress as a Function of Temperature, Using the Minimum LMP
11.8 Problem 8 – Determine the allowable design stress for 2.25 Cr-1Mo at 875°F for a design life
of 100,000 hours based on minimum properties.
a) STEP 1 – Determine the allowable stress based on time-independent or elastic properties.
1) STEP 1.1 – Determine the minimum specified yield strength at room temperature from Table 1.
2) STEP 1.2 – Determine the yield strength at 875°F using Equations(1) and (58). This equation
also appears in the notes section of Table 1.
⎡C0 + C1T + C2T 2 + C3T 3 + C4T 4 + C5T 5 ⎤
σ ys = σ ysrt ⋅10 ⎣ ⎦
(58)

C0 = 2.1540371E-02
C1 = -3.2503600E-04
C2 = 2.2155200E-07
(59)
C3 = 4.1358400E-10
C4 = -6.4839900E-13
C5 = 1.5027000E-16
Substituting these values in Equation (58) results in:
14
σ ys = 22.8005 ksi (60)

3) STEP 1.3 – Determine the elastic design factor from Table 2.
2
Fed =
3
4) STEP 1.4 – Determine the allowable stress based on time-independent properties using
Equation (3), the elastic design stress.
⎛ 2⎞
Se = Fed ⋅ σ ys = ⎜ ⎟ ⋅ 22.8005 ksi = 15.2 ksi (61)
⎝ 3⎠
b) STEP 2 – Determine the allowable stress based on time-dependent properties.
1) STEP 2.1 – The equation for the Larson-Miller Parameter as a function of stress is given by
Equation (7) and (62). This equation is also shown in the notes section of Table 3.

2 3
(62)
C = 1.9565607E+01
A0 = 4.3946400E+04
A1 = -8.3900000E+03 (63)
A2 = 0.0
A3 = 0.0
2) STEP 2.2 – The larson-Miller parameter may be computed using Equation (4).
LMP (σ ) = (T + 460 ) ( C + log10 [ Ld ]) (64)
or,
LMP = ( 875 + 460 ) (19.565607 + log10 [100, 000]) = 32795 (65)
Using Equations (8) and (9), Case 1 in paragraph 6, from the procedure outlined in paragraph
6.0 we have
X=
( 4.395E 4 − 32795) = −1.32913 (66)
−8.39 E 3
− ( −1.32913)
St = σ = 10 = 21.34 ksi (67)
Equation (62) can be solved iteratively for the design stress, σ , which is the independent
variable in the Larson-Miller Parameter given by Equation (62), or by using a graphical solution
by constructing a plot of stress versus the Larson-Miller Parameter.
Data points for 2.25Cr-1Mo at 875°F based on the minimum Larson-Miller parameter are shown
in Table 11.8E. These data are subsequently used to create the plot shown in Figure 11.8E.
The stress corresponding to the Larson-Miller parameter given by (65) is:
St = 21.34 ksi (68)
15
Table 11.8E – Sample of Tabulated Values Used to Plot Figure 9.8E
LMP Stress, σ ( ksi )

32853 21.00
32844 21.05
32836 21.10
32827 21.15
32818 21.20
32810 21.25
32801 21.30
32795 21.336
32793 21.35
32784 21.40
32776 21.45
32767 21.50
32759 21.55
32750 21.60
32742 21.65
32734 21.70
32725 21.75
32717 21.80
32708 21.85
32700 21.90
32692 21.95
32684 22.00
16
100
Stress (ksi)
10
1
30000 32000 34000 36000 38000 40000 42000 44000
LMP
Figure 11.8E – Graphical Solution to Problem 8

c) STEP 3 – The allowable design stress is determined by taking the minimum value of the time
dependent and time independent stress values obtained from STEPS 1 and 2, respectively.
S = min [ Se , St ] = min [15.2 ksi, 21.34 ksi ] = 15.2 ksi (69)
11.9 Problem 9 – Determine the allowable design stress for 304L SS at 1050°F for a design life of
100,000 hours based on minimum properties.
⎡C0 + C1T + C2T 2 + C3T 3 + C4T 4 + C5T 5 ⎤
σ ys = σ ysrt ⋅10⎣ ⎦
(71)
The coefficients, C0 through C5 for 304L SS are determined from Table 1.

C0 = 4.5888791E-02
C1 = -6.9508400E-04
C2 = 5.7950900E-07
(72)
C3 = -2.1178000E-10
C4 = 6.5466400E-15
C5 = -1.2730800E-17
σ ys = 13.0544 ksi (73)
17

Fed = 0.9
Se = Fed ⋅ σ ys = ( 0.9 ) ⋅13.0544 ksi = 11.75 ksi (74)

2 3
(75)
304L SS are determined from Table 3.
C = 1.8287902E+01
A0 = 4.6172960E+04
A1 = -8.4187000E+03 (76)
A2 = -1.4620000E+03
A3 = 0.0
LMP (σ ) = (T + 460 ) ( C + log10 [ Ld ]) (77)
or,
LMP = (1050 + 460 ) (18.288 + log10 [100, 000]) = 35165 (78)
Using Equations (8) and (10), Case 2 in paragraph 6, from the procedure outlined in paragraph
6.0 we have
-8.42E3 + (-8.42E3) 2 − 4(-1.462E3)(46170 − 35165)

X= = −1.09786 (79)
2(-1.462E3)
− ( −1.09786 )
St = σ = 10 = 12.528 ksi (80)
11.10 Problem 10 – Determine the allowable design stress for 347H SS at 1250°F for a design life
of 100,000 hours based on minimum properties.
18
⎡C0 + C1T + C2T 2 + C3T 3 + C4T 4 + C5T 5 ⎤

σ ys = σ ysrt ⋅10⎣ ⎦
(83)
The coefficients, C0 through C5 for 347H SS are determined from Table 1.

C0 = 4.9734437E-02
C1 = -8.6863733E-04
C2 = 2.5602354E-06
(84)
C3 = -4.5554196E-09
C4 = 3.7224192E-12
C5 = -1.0967259E-15
σ ys = 19.2 ksi (85)
Fed = 0.9
Se = Fed ⋅ σ ys = 0.9 ⋅19.2 ksi = 17.3 ksi (86)

2 3
(87)
347H SS are determined from Table 3.
C = 1.4458025E+01
A0 = 3.9536020E+04
A1 = -1.2225330E+04 (88)
A2 = 6.7502400E+03
A3 = -2.8722460E+03
LMP (σ ) = (T + 460 ) ( C + log10 [ Ld ]) (89)
or,
LMP = (1250 + 460 ) (14.458 + log10 [100, 000]) = 33273 (90)
Using Equations (8) and (11), Case 3 in paragraph 6, through (14) from the procedure outlined
in paragraph 6.0 we have
1 ⎡⎛ 6.75 ×103 ⎞ ⎛ -1.223 ×104 ⎞ ⎤

2
Q = ⎢⎜ ⎟ − 3 ⎜ ⎟ ⎥ = -0.8056 (91)
9 ⎢⎝ -2.87 ×103 ⎠ ⎝ -2.872 ×103 ⎠ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
19
⎛ ⎛ 6.75 ×103 ⎞3 ⎡ 6.75 × 103 × -1.22 ×104 ⎤ ⎞

⎜ 2⎜ 3 ⎟
−9⎢ ⎥ +⎟
⎜ ⎝ -2.87 × 10 ⎠ ⎣ (-2.87 ×103 ) 2 ⎦ ⎟
⎜ ⎟
⎜ 27 ⎡ 3.95 × 10 -33273 ⎤
4
⎟
⎜ ⎢ -2.872 × 103 ⎥ ⎟
⎝ ⎣ ⎦ ⎠ = 0.0962
R= (92)
54
S=
−0.0962
0.0962
( )
0.0962 + 0.09622 − ( −0.8056)3 = −0.9382 (93)
6.750 × 103 −0.8056

X= − ( −0.93817) − = −0.704 (94)
3 × (-2.872 × 10 )
3
−0.9382
− ( −0.704 )
St = σ = 10 = 5.059 ksi (95)
20
11.11 Problem 11 – Develop a plot of service life as a function of stress and temperature for
2.25Cr-1Mo based on the minimum Larson-Miller Parameter.
a) STEP 1 – The relation for the Larson-Miller Parameter as a function of stress is given by Equations
(7) and (97). This equation is also shown in the notes section of Table 3.

2 3
(97)
C = 1.9565607E+01
A0 = 4.3946400E+04
A1 = -8.3900000E+03 (98)
A2 = 0.0
A3 = 0.0
An equation that provides the service life as a function of stress and temperature can be obtained by
combining Equation (5) and Equation (97).
⎡ A + A ⋅log [σ ]+ A ⋅( log [σ ])2 + A ⋅( log [σ ])3 ⎤
⎢ 0 1 10 2 10 3 10
−C ⎥
⎢ ( T + 460 ) ⎥
Ld = 10 ⎣ ⎦
(99)
b) STEP 2 – Develop a table of the service life, Ld , for 20,000, 40,000, 60,000, and 100,000 hours
versus stress using Equation (99), see Table 11.9E. A plot of the service lives versus stress is
shown in Figure 11.9E.
Table 11.11E – Service Life as a Function Of Stress and Temperature
Temperature, T ( F)
o
Stress, σ ( ksi )
20,000 40,000 60,000 100,000
5 1136 1116 1104 1090
10 1030 1011 1001 987
15 968 950 940 927
20 924 907 897 885
25 890 873 863 852
30 862 846 836 825
35 839 822 813 802
40 818 802 793 782
21
Stress (ksi) 100
10
20,000 Hours
40,000 Hours
60,000 Hours
100,000 Hours
1
800 850 900 950 1000 1050 1100 1150 1200
Temperature (oF)
Figure 11.1E – Service Life as a Function of Stress and Temperature
11.12 Problem 12 – Develop a plot of rupture strength versus temperature for 2.25 Cr-1Mo at a
service life of 100,000 hours using both the average and minimum Larson-Miller parameters.

2 3
(100)
C = 1.9565607E+01
A0 = 4.3946400E+04
A1 = -8.3900000E+03 (101)
A2 = 0.0
A3 = 0.0
2.25Cr-1Mo are determined from Table 3. However, C is the only value that is unique between
minimum and average parameters. The Larson-Miller constant for average properties, C , is given
by Equation (102).
22
C = 1.8918100E+01 (102)
An equation that provides the temperature as a function of stress and design life can be obtained by
combining Equation (6) and Equation (100).
A0 + A1 ⋅ log10 [σ ] + A2 ⋅ ( log10 [σ ]) + A3 ⋅ ( log10 [σ ])

2 3
T (σ , Ld ) = − 460 (103)
( C + log [ L ])
10 d
For 100,000 hours, Equation (104) becomes:

2 3
T (σ , Ld ) = − 460 (104)
( C + log [100, 000])
10
b) STEP 2 – Develop a table of temperature versus stress based on the minimum and average
properties using Equation (104), see Table 11.12E. The data in this table are plotted in Figure
11.12E. In Table 11.12E, the temperatures in the column labeled Minimum Properties are
determined using Equation (104) with the Larson-Miller constant for minimum properties in Equation
(104), and the temperatures in the column labeled Average Properties are determined using the
Larson-Miller constant for average properties, or from Eqaution (104):

2 3
T (σ , Ld ) = − 460 (105)
minimum
properties (C min + log10 [100, 000])

2 3
T (σ , Ld ) = − 460 (106)
average
properties (C avg + log10 [100, 000])
Table 11.12E – Rupture Stress vs. Temperature for a Service Life of 100,000 Hours
Stress, σ ( ksi )
Temperature, T ( F)
o
Minimum Properties Average Properties

5 1091 1132
10 988 1027
15 928 965
20 885 921
25 852 887
30 825 860
35 802 836
40 782 816
23
Stress (ksi) 100
10
Average LMP
Minimum LMP
1
800 850 900 950 1000 1050 1100 1150 1200
Temperature (oF)
Figure 11.12E – Rupture Stress vs. Temperature for a Service Life of 100,000 Hours
24
12 TABLES
Table 1 – Minimum Yield and Tensile Strength as a Function Of Temperature (°F)
Material Parameter Yield Strength (ksi) Tensile Strength (ksi)
σ rt 26 47
C0 1.4088389E-02 1.0807518E-01
C1 -1.9932341E-04 -2.3290664E-03
Low Carbon Steel C2 -2.0694516E-08 1.2941407E-05
C3 -1.0013720E-10 -2.6166794E-08
C4 0 2.2225699E-11
C5 0 -7.0569264E-15
σ rt 35 60
C0 1.4088389E-02 1.0807518E-01
C1 -1.9932341E-04 -2.3290664E-03
Medium Carbon Steel C2 -2.0694516E-08 1.2941407E-05
C3 -1.0013720E-10 -2.6166794E-08
C4 0 2.2225699E-11
C5 0 -7.0569264E-15
σ rt 30 52
C0 1.3089229E-02 1.1433749E-01
C1 -1.9903245E-04 -2.4719083E-03
C-0.5Mo C2 1.8433603E-07 1.3823832E-05
C3 -1.7552202E-10 -2.7995759E-08
C4 0 2.3927060E-11
C5 0 -7.5170846E-15
σ rt 30 60
C0 2.1540371E-02 1.4704266E-02
C1 -3.2503600E-04 -1.9874800E-04
1.25Cr-0.5Mo C2 2.2155200E-07 -2.9115300E-07
C3 4.1358400E-10 2.0040500E-09
C4 -6.4839900E-13 -2.2341400E-12
C5 1.5027000E-16 5.9263200E-16
25
σ rt 30 60
C0 2.1540371E-02 1.4704266E-02
C1 -3.2503600E-04 -1.9874800E-04
2.25Cr-1Mo C2 2.2155200E-07 -2.9115300E-07
C3 4.1358400E-10 2.0040500E-09
C4 -6.4839900E-13 -2.2341400E-12
C5 1.5027000E-16 5.9263200E-16
σ rt 30 60
C0 4.4186141E-02 4.3741544E-02
C1 -7.1542041E-04 -7.3028160E-04
3Cr-1Mo C2 1.2664132E-06 1.6372698E-06
C3 -9.3458131E-10 -1.9656642E-09
C4 3.6214293E-13 1.2727055E-12
C5 -1.6088326E-16 -4.6917217E-16
σ rt 30 60
C0 1.2855425E-02 -1.5076613E-03
C1 -1.9373113E-04 1.6602155E-04
5Cr-0.5Mo C2 1.2449247E-07 -2.4425324E-06
C3 3.0404621E-10 5.7486446E-09
C4 -3.5555955E-13 -4.9777060E-12
C5 -5.7953915E-18 1.3635365E-15
σ rt 30 60
C0 1.2855425E-02 -1.5076613E-03
C1 -1.9373113E-04 1.6602155E-04
5Cr-0.5Mo-Si C2 1.2449247E-07 -2.4425324E-06
C3 3.0404621E-10 5.7486446E-09
C4 -3.5555955E-13 -4.9777060E-12
C5 -5.7953915E-18 1.3635365E-15
26
σ rt 30 60
C0 1.3532100E-01 9.9054977E-03
C1 -2.5870657E-03 -1.7559652E-04
7Cr-0.5Mo C2 1.0664886E-05 5.5881927E-07
C3 -2.0092622E-08 -1.0648485E-09
C4 1.7366385E-11 5.6685649E-13
C5 -5.6740415E-15 -1.9197713E-16
σ rt 30 60
C0 1.3571242E-02 2.1597188E-02
C1 -1.7082315E-04 -3.1031668E-04
9Cr-1Mo C2 -4.3400952E-07 -6.1394577E-08
C3 1.6036654E-09 1.3545273E-09
C4 -1.5678560E-12 -1.6448546E-12
C5 3.6386453E-16 4.1818392E-16
σ rt 60 85
C0 3.3650472E-02 1.8096292E-02
C1 -5.5446746E-04 -2.5065398E-04
9Cr-1Mo-V C2 1.0944031E-06 -1.9394875E-07
C3 -5.7019722E-10 1.2610086E-09
C4 -1.9770030E-13 -1.3855450E-12
C5 0 3.4264520E-16
σ rt 25 70
C0 4.5888791E-02 7.7361661E-02
C1 -6.9508400E-04 -1.2718700E-03
Type 304L SS C2 5.7950900E-07 2.4999900E-06
C3 -2.1178000E-10 -1.7023100E-09
C4 6.5466400E-15 1.2739600E-13
C5 -1.2730800E-17 7.2563700E-17
27
σ rt 30 75
C0 9.8188514E-03 6.7196226E-02
C1 -5.0551619E-05 -1.1080527E-03
Type 304/304H SS C2 -1.4866719E-06 2.2413756E-06
C3 3.0912775E-09 -1.8350694E-09
C4 -2.3688742E-12 5.9804933E-13
C5 6.0840262E-16 -1.2196459E-16
σ rt 25 70
C0 4.947300E-02 2.825000E-02
C1 -7.820685E-04 -3.814120E-04
Type 316L SS C2 9.205307E-07 -1.664940E-07
C3 -9.753774E-10 1.406040E-09
C4 7.836576E-13 -1.341640E-12
C5 -2.709835E-16 3.241850E-16
σ rt 30 75
C0 1.2001323E-02 3.2859229E-02
C1 -8.8000344E-05 -5.1714106E-04
Type 316/316H SS C2 -1.5040192E-06 4.6118780E-07
C3 3.1425000E-09 6.1438157E-10
C4 -2.4201238E-12 -9.2054227E-13
C5 6.4067530E-16 2.2901104E-16
σ rt 25 70
C0 4.947300E-02 2.825000E-02
C1 -7.820685E-04 -3.814120E-04
Type 317L SS C2 9.205307E-07 -1.664940E-07
C3 -9.753774E-10 1.406040E-09
C4 7.836576E-13 -1.341640E-12
C5 -2.709835E-16 3.241850E-16
28
σ rt 30 75
C0 6.863218E-02 6.278852E-02
C1 -1.184702E-03 -1.080116E-03
Type 321 SS C2 3.244156E-06 2.863153E-06
C3 -4.905795E-09 -3.697114E-09
C4 3.536365E-12 2.478506E-12
C5 -9.654898E-16 -7.256524E-16
σ rt 25 70
C0 1.0112716E-02 5.1423451E-02
C1 -1.4446737E-04 -8.3118863E-04
Type 321H SS C2 0 1.4451218E-06
C3 0 -9.5441766E-10
C4 0 2.5659891E-13
C5 0 -8.2941763E-17
σ rt 30 75
C0 4.9734437E-02 6.9844688E-02
C1 -8.6863733E-04 -1.2173646E-03
Type 347 SS C2 2.5602354E-06 3.4825694E-06
C3 -4.5554196E-09 -5.2044883E-09
C4 3.7224192E-12 3.8869832E-12
C5 -1.0967259E-15 -1.1567466E-15
σ rt 30 75
C0 4.9734437E-02 6.9844688E-02
C1 -8.6863733E-04 -1.2173646E-03
Type 347H SS C2 2.5602354E-06 3.4825694E-06
C3 -4.5554196E-09 -5.2044883E-09
C4 3.7224192E-12 3.8869832E-12
C5 -1.0967259E-15 -1.1567466E-15
29
σ rt 30 75
C0 3.4030711E-02 3.4512216E-02
C1 -5.9044935E-04 -6.1931709E-04
Alloy 800 C2 1.6819983E-06 2.0239806E-06
C3 -2.9084079E-09 -3.3262726E-09
C4 2.4078033E-12 2.7021246E-12
C5 -7.5887806E-16 -8.8727065E-16
σ rt 25 65
C0 9.1352894E-03 8.4274949E-04
C1 -6.7153045E-05 8.2765885E-05
Alloy 800H C2 -1.0330418E-06 -1.5893549E-06
C3 1.9114308E-09 3.5471048E-09
C4 -1.1936454E-12 -2.7606359E-12
C5 2.1862178E-16 6.5642052E-16
σ rt 25 65
C0 3.4727533E-02 9.1734120E-03
C1 -5.3949644E-04 -4.3023314E-05
Alloy 800HT C2 6.3686186E-07 -1.5560083E-06
C3 -2.3816323E-10 4.5571519E-09
C4 -7.1132721E-14 -4.2665496E-12
C5 -4.2576695E-18 1.1882810E-15
30
σ rt 35 62
C0 4.3689351E-03 4.7208139E-03
C1 4.5144996E-05 -1.3979452E-07
HK-40 C2 -1.7279747E-06 -1.1239086E-06
C3 2.8459599E-09 2.4482148E-09
C4 -1.6093404E-12 -1.8461449E-12
C5 2.7808712E-16 4.2367166E-16
Notes:
1. In the parameter column, the term σ rt is used to represent the room temperature value of the yield
strength, σ rt
ys , and the room temperature value of the ultimate tensile strength, σ uts
rt
.
2. The yield strength as a function of temperature is computed using Equation (1).
3. The tensile strength as a function of temperature is computed using Equation (2).
31
Table 2 – Elastic Allowable Stress Factor and Applicable Temperature Range
Elastic Allowable Applicable Temperature Range (°F)

Material Stress Design Factor
Fed Minimum Maximum
Low Carbon Steel 2/3 70 1000

Medium Carbon Steel 2/3 70 1000
C-0.5Mo 2/3 70 1050
1.25Cr-0.5Mo 2/3 70 1200
2.25Cr-1Mo 2/3 70 1200
3Cr-1Mo 2/3 70 1200
5Cr-0.5Mo 2/3 70 1200
5Cr-0.5Mo-Si 2/3 70 1200
7Cr-0.5Mo 2/3 70 1200
9Cr-1Mo 2/3 70 1300
9Cr-1Mo-V 2/3 70 1300
Type 304L SS 0.9 70 1500
Type 304/304H SS 0.9 70 1500
Type 316L SS 0.9 70 1500
Type 316/316H SS 0.9 70 1500
Type 317L SS 0.9 70 1500
Type 321 SS 0.9 70 1500
Type 321H SS 0.9 70 1500
Type 347 SS 0.9 70 1500
Type 347H SS 0.9 70 1500
Alloy 800 0.9 70 1500
Alloy 800H 0.9 70 1650
Alloy 800HT 0.9 70 1850
HK-40 0.9 70 1850
32
Table 3 – Minimum and Average Larson-Miller Parameters as a Function of Stress
Larson-Miller Larson-Miller
Constant and Constant and
Material Parameter Parameter vs. Parameter vs.
Stress: Minimum Stress: Average
Properties Properties
Temperature Range (˚F) 700-1000
C 1.8150000E+01 1.7700000E+01
A0 3.5093240E+04
Low Carbon Steel A1 -3.6037901E+03
A2 -1.9136590E+03
A3 0
C 1.5600000E+01 1.5150000E+01
A0 3.2068370E+04
Medium Carbon Steel A1 -3.3755550E+03
A2 -1.5933910E+03
A3 -3.0000000E+02
C 1.9007756E+01 1.8725370E+01
A0 3.8792100E+04
C-0.5 Mo A1 -4.9502240E+03
A2 0
A3 0
C 2.1891803E+01 2.1387000E+01
A0 4.6354380E+04
1.25Cr-0.5Mo A1 -6.9466030E+03
A2 -3.4367510E+02
A3 0
C 1.9565607E+01 1.8918100E+01
A0 4.3946400E+04
2.25Cr-1Mo A1 -8.3900000E+03
A2 0
A3 0
33
C 1.5785226E+01 1.5381060E+01
A0 3.7264510E+04
3Cr-1Mo A1 -7.9439300E+03
A2 0
A3 0
C 1.6025829E+01 1.5589280E+01
A0 3.7264510E+04
5Cr-0.5Mo A1 -7.9439300E+03
A2 0
A3 0
C 1.6025829E+01 1.5589280E+01
A0 3.7264510E+04
5Cr-0.5Mo-Si A1 -7.9439300E+03
A2 0
A3 0
C 2.0437460E+01 1.9620550E+01
A0 4.5219510E+04
7Cr-0.5Mo A1 -1.0217000E+04
A2 5.2679960E+00
A3 -6.3855690E+00
C 2.6223587E+01 2.5859090E+01
A0 5.4758000E+04
9Cr-1Mo A1 -6.1891000E+03
A2 -1.7309000E+03
A3 -6.7715000E+02
34
C 3.0886006E+01 3.0364230E+01
A0 6.3450000E+04
9Cr-1Mo-V A1 -1.3800000E+03
A2 -5.1395320E+03
A3 0
C 1.8287902E+01 1.7550000E+01
A0 4.6172960E+04
Type 304L SS A1 -8.4187000E+03
A2 -1.4620000E+03
A3 0
C 1.6145903E+01 1.5521950E+01
A0 4.3539460E+04
Type 304/304H SS A1 -9.7318000E+03
A2 0
A3 0
C 1.5740107E+01 1.5200000E+01
A0 4.1483380E+04
Type 316L SS A1 -6.0606000E+03
A2 -1.7620000E+03
A3 0
C 1.6764145E+01 1.6309870E+01
A0 4.4933830E+04
Type 316/316H SS A1 -9.4286740E+03
A2 0
A3 0
35
C 1.5740107E+01 1.5200000E+01
A0 4.1483380E+04
Type 317L SS A1 -6.0606000E+03
A2 -1.7620000E+03
A3 0
C 1.332500E+01 1.280000E+01
A0 3.571361E+04
Type 321 SS A1 -5.655000E+03
A2 -7.640000E+02
A3 0
C 1.5293986E+01 1.4759580E+01
A0 4.0541580E+04
Type 321H SS A1 -6.5212870E+03
A2 -9.7543650E+02
A3 0
C 1.4889042E+01 1.4250000E+01
A0 3.7960000E+04
Type 347 SS A1 -7.1172160E+03
A2 3.1133520E+03
A3 -2.3000000E+03
C 1.4458025E+01 1.3793410E+01
A0 3.9536020E+04
Type 347H SS A1 -1.2225330E+04
A2 6.7502400E+03
A3 -2.8722460E+03
36
C 1.7005384E+01 1.6508780E+01
A0 4.3171030E+04
Alloy 800 A1 -8.1470000E+03
A2 0
A3 0
C 1.6564046E+01 1.6042270E+01
A0 4.5864990E+04
Alloy 800H A1 -9.2709340E+03
A2 -1.9293220E+03
A3 7.0913170E+02
C 1.3606722E+01 1.3234100E+01
A0 4.0112700E+04
Alloy 800HT A1 -9.0816690E+03
A2 0
A3 0
C 1.0856489E+01 1.0489900E+01
A0 3.4132000E+04
HK-40 A1 -7.7078820E+03
A2 -9.4500000E+02
A3 0
Note: The average and minimum Larson-Miller Parameter is computed using Equation (7) with the
appropriate coefficients from this table.
37
Table 4 – Rupture Exponents as a Function of Temperature
Material Parameter Rupture Exponent – n

C0 2.3405940E+01
C1 -2.4087544E-02
Low Carbon Steel C2 4.4283728E-06
C3 0
C4 0
C5 0
C0 2.9832967E+01
C1 -4.8908169E-02
Medium Carbon Steel C2 3.3126428E-05
C3 -1.0132081E-08
C4 0
C5 0
C0 8.98300
C1 -1.1316171E-02
C-0.5 Mo C2 9.0861459E-06
C3 -4.3999472E-09
C4 1.1678546E-12
C5 -1.3028530E-16
C0 1.7939223E+01
C1 -2.6358008E-02
1.25Cr-0.5Mo C2 2.2487501E-05
C3 -1.1762993E-08
C4 3.3765405E-12
C5 -4.1070388E-16
38

C0 1.6116223E+01
C1 -2.2988479E-02
2.25Cr-1Mo C2 2.1835770E-05
C3 -1.2833734E-08
C4 4.2012778E-12
C5 -5.8449546E-16
C0 1.1607134E+01
C1 -8.5353735E-03
3Cr-1Mo C2 2.3722609E-06
C3 0
C4 0
C5 0
C0 1.1770651E+01
C1 -8.8389784E-03
5Cr-0.5Mo C2 2.5108933E-06
C3 0
C4 0
C5 0
C0 1.1770651E+01
C1 -8.8389784E-03
5Cr-0.5Mo-Si C2 2.5108933E-06
C3 0
C4 0
C5 0
39

C0 1.4536269E+01
C1 -1.0232458E-02
7Cr-0.5Mo C2 2.7034326E-06
C3 0
C4 0
C5 0
C0 4.04893689E+01
C1 -4.58475585E-02
9Cr-1Mo C2 1.52674903E-05
C3 -1.35165711E-09
C4 0
C5 0
C0 3.1524887E+03
C1 -1.4781109E+01
9Cr-1Mo-V C2 2.7852967E-02
C3 -2.6205892E-05
C4 1.2291955E-08
C5 -2.2995921E-12
C0 3.8310366E+01
C1 - 7.6035759E-02
Type 304LS C2 8.5397605E-05
C3 - 5.5768707E-08
C4 1.9173301E-11
C5 -2.7104077E-15
40

C0 1.3035950E+01
C1 -8.3130608E-03
Type 304/304H SS C2 1.9505879E-06
C3 0
C4 0
C5 0
Temperature Range 900-1500
C0 3.1313017E+01
C1 -5.3186547E-02
Type 316L SS C2 5.3079687E-05
C3 -3.3897226E-08
C4 1.2195544E-11
C5 -1.9272376E-15
C0 1.2629907E+01
C1 -8.0541256E-03
Type 316/316H SS C2 1.8898310E-06
C3 0
C4 0
C5 0
C0 3.1313017E+01
C1 -5.3186547E-02
Type 317L SS C2 5.3079687E-05
C3 -3.3897226E-08
C4 1.2195544E-11
C5 -1.9272376E-15
41

C0 1.598648E+01
C1 -1.659251E-02
Type 321 SS C2 7.416485E-06
C3 -1.410161E-09
C4 0
C5 0
C0 1.5128673E+01
C1 -1.0738718E-02
Type 321H SS C2 2.0390552E-06
C3 0
C4 0
C5 0
C0 1.105274E+01
C1 4.019553E-02
Type 347 SS C2 -6.916989E-05
C3 2.599652E-08
C4 0
C5 0
C0 -1.5779757E+02
C1 7.3215440E-01
Type 347H SS C2 -1.1714108E-03
C3 8.6726095E-07
C4 -3.0376041E-10
C5 4.0906465E-14
42

C0 1.4784080E+01
C1 -1.8623974E-02
Alloy 800 C2 1.4953835E-05
C3 -7.2413632E-09
C4 1.9220365E-12
C5 -2.1442147E-16
C0 6.9797821E+00
C1 2.5834678E-03
Alloy 800H C2 -2.4115193E-06
C3 0
C4 0
C5 0
C0 1.607419E+01
C1 -1.933749E-02
Alloy 800HT C2 1.470466E-05
C3 -6.735931E-09
C4 1.694603E-12
C5 0
C0 1.4332073E+01
C1 -9.2105347E-03
HK-40 C2 1.7274314E-06
C3 0
C4 0
C5 0
Note: The average and minimum Larson-Miller Parameter is computed using Equation (16) with the
appropriate coefficients from this table.
43
Table 5 – Material Designation and Applicable ASTM Specifications
Material Applicable ASTM Specifications

Low Carbon Steel A161, A192
Medium Carbon Steel A53 Grade B (seamless), A106 Grade B, A210 Grade A-1
C-0.5Mo A161 T1, A209 T1 A335 P1
1.25Cr-0.5Mo A213 T11, A335 P11, A200 T11
2.25Cr-1Mo A213 T22, A335 P22, A200 T22
3Cr-1Mo A213 T21, A335 P21, A200 T21
5Cr-0.5Mo A213 T5, A335 P5, A200 T5
5Cr-0.5Mo-Si A213 T5b, A335 P5b
7Cr-0.5Mo A213 T7, A335 P7, A200 T7
9Cr-1Mo A213 T9, A335 P9, A200 T9
9Cr-1Mo-V A213 T91, A335 P91, A200 T91
Type 304L SS A213 Type 304L, A271 Type 304L, A312 Type 304L, A 376 Type 304L
A213 Type 304, A271 Type 304, A312 Type 304, A 376 Type 304
Type 304/304H SS
A213 Type 304H, A271 Type 304H, A312 Type 304H, A 376 Type 304H
Type 316L SS A213 Type 316L, A271 Type 316L, A312 Type 316L, A 376 Type 316L
A213 Type 316, A271 Type 316, A312 Type 316, A 376 Type 316
Type 316/316H SS
A213 Type 316H, A271 Type 316H, A312 Type 316H, A 376 Type 316H
Type 317L SS A213 Type 317L, A312 Type 317L
Type 321 SS A213 Type 321, A271 Type 321, A312 Type 321, A 376 Type 321
Type 321H SS A213 Type 321H, A271 Type 321H, A312 Type 321H, A 376 Type 321H
Type 347 SS A213 Type 347, A271 Type 347, A312 Type 347, A 376 Type 347
Type 347H SS A213 Type 347H, A271 Type 347H, A312 Type 347H, A 376 Type 347H
Alloy 800 B407 UNS N08800
Alloy 800H B407 UNS N08810
Alloy 800HT B407 UNS N08811
HK-40 A608 Grade HK-40
44
13 TECHNICAL BASIS
13.1 Overview
For each of the materials included in this document, the following three graphs are provided.
a) Yield and ultimate tensile strength as a function of temperature. Values for the yield and ultimate tensile
strength as a function of temperature are based on new test results above room temperature and are
anchored to the specified minimum yield and ultimate tensile strength properties at room temperature.
The new values shown are compared to the elevated temperature values given for the yield and ultimate
tensile strength in RP530/ISO 13704, Revision 6. Note the elevated temperature values in RP530/ISO
13704, Revision 6 are anchored at 300°F or 400°F depending on the material.
b) The average and minimum stress rupture strengths as functions of the Larson-Miller Parameter. The
proposed relationship between rupture stress for minimum and the average materials are presented using
optimized Larson-Miller Parameter constants based on recent analysis of material properties for virgin
materials. The new parameter curves are shown and compared to the curves given in RP530/ISO 13704,
Revision 6. Note that presentation using separate curves for average and minimum properties follows the
presentation of stress rupture design curves in RP530/ISO 13704, Revision 6 where separate curves for
average and minimum properties are provided for use with a single Larson-Miller constant that depends
on the class of material, usually 15 or 20. For the new plots when using the average and minimum curves
for computations, only the average Larson-Miller Constant from Table 3 is used. The test results used to
calculate the proposed curves are shown on these plots. Properties for service-exposed materials were
not included at the specific directive of the API committee which cited the historical use of only virgin
(unexposed) material in assembling the property data base. Thus, the Larson-Miller Parameter equations
and constants provided herein are not the identical to those for the same materials as presented in API
579-1/ASME FFS-1 on fitness-for-service. Equations presented for use in determining fitness-for-service
of service-exposed materials were established by testing materials as near as possible to design level
stresses and temperatures with an emphasis on identifying creep strain rates and a creep damage
parameter referred to as Omega, see API 579-1/ASME FFS-1, for the microstructures developed under
service conditions. Such changes in materials affect both the time-dependent and time-independent
properties, identified in item a) above, of these materials. Additionally, the materials properties for the
MPC Omega Method found in API 579-1/ASME FFS-1 were not intended to and do not represent material
behavior at stresses and temperatures far removed from design conditions.
c) Design Curve Showing the Larson-Miller Parameter as a Function of Stress in US Customary Units. A
single curve is provided for the relationship between stress and Larson-Miller parameter. The
differentiation between minimum and average time-dependent properties is accounted for by using the
respective Larson-Miller Constants shown on each plot; Cmin to calculate the minimum properties and Cavg
to calculate average properties.
45
13.2 Low Carbon Steel

The data base compiled was limited to tubular components and the typical low tensile strengths associated
with normal heat treatments. For this study test results at very high stresses were eliminated to avoid
imposing unfounded curvature on predicted low stress behavior. The resulting database was well fit by a
linear expression, but the scatter is undeniable. The current use of a Larson Miller constant of 20 in API 530,
Revision 6 in comparison to the appropriate value in the range of 17-19 results in too high design stresses
when test results are extrapolated to typical carbon steel operating temperatures.
100
S
T
R
E
S
S 10
,
PROPOSED TENSILE
K STRENGTH
PROPOSED YIELD STRENGTH
s
i EXISTING RP 530 TENSILE
EXISTING RP 530 YIELD
1
0 200 400 600 800 1000
TEMPERATURE, F
Figure 13.2-1: Yield and Ultimate Tensile Strength as a Function of Temperature – Comparison of
Existing RP530 Data and Proposed New Data in US Customary Units: Low Carbon Steel
46
100
PROPOSED AVERAGE
PROPOSED MINIMUM
S EXISTING RP 530 AVERAGE
T EXISTING RP 530 MINIMUM
R RUPTURE DATA
E
S
S 10
,
K
s
i
1
26 28 30 32 34 36
LARSON‐MILLER PARAMETER/1000
Figure 13.2-2: The Average and Minimum Stress Rupture Strengths as Functions of the Larson-Miller
Parameter – Comparison of Existing RP530 Data and Proposed New Data in US Customary Units
Based on the Average Larson-Miller Constant: Low Carbon Steel
47
100
Cavg = 17.70
S
Cmin= 18.15
T
R
E
S
S 10
,
K
s
i
1
26 28 30 32 34 36
Figure 13.2-3: Design Curve Showing the Larson-Miller Parameter as a Function of Stress in US
Customary Units. The Minimum Larson-Miller Constant (Cmin) is used to Calculate Minimum Time-
Dependent Properties and the Average Larson-Miller Constant (Cavg) is used to Calculate Average
Time-Dependent Properties: Low Carbon Steel
48
13.3 Medium Carbon Steel

As with low carbon materials the Larson Miller constant is well below 20 and results in more conservative
stresses at expected operating temperatures as compared to the current document. The data used in the
analysis was mostly from overseas sources for tubular products. Within this data set a clear beneficial effect
of molybdenum on strength is seen at levels of only 0.005, 0.01 and 0.02% Mo. Data on heats with higher Mo
content was typically eliminated because of its strong biasing effect.
100
S
T
R
E
S
S 10
,
PROPOSED TENSILE
K STRENGTH
s
1
0 200 400 600 800 1000
TEMPERATURE, F
Existing RP530 Data and Proposed New Data in US Customary Units: Medium Carbon Steel
49
100
PROPOSED AVERAGE
PROPOSED MINIMUM
R RUPTURE DATA
E
S
S 10
,
K
s
i
1
20 22 24 26 28 30 32
Based on the Average Larson-Miller Constant: Medium Carbon Steel
50
100
Cavg = 15.15
Cmin= 15.6
S
T
R
E
S
S 10
,
K
s
i
1
20 22 24 26 28 30 32
Time-Dependent Properties: Medium Carbon Steel
51
13.4 C-0.5Mo
Data for the very high stresses at which this strong alloy can be tested were eliminated because, absent data
at low, realistic design level stresses, the polynomial fit would tend to show an inflection and nonconservative
strength values at design levels. The resulting design lines from this analysis do not differ much from the
current API 530 values. However, there is very little foundation for the design stresses at temperatures much
above 950 F.
100
S
T
R
E
S
S 10
,
PROPOSED TENSILE
K STRENGTH
s
1
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
TEMPERATURE, F
Existing RP530 Data and Proposed New Data in US Customary Units: C-0.5Mo
52
100
PROPOSED AVERAGE
PROPOSED MINIMUM
R RUPTURE DATA
E
S
S 10
,
K
s
i
1
30 32 34 36 38 40
Based on the Average Larson-Miller Constant: C-0.5Mo
53
100
Cavg = 18.72537
Cmin= 19.007756
S
T
R
E
S
S 10
,
K
s
i
1
30 32 34 36 38 40
Time-Dependent Properties: C-0.5Mo
54
13.5 1.25Cr-0.5Mo
Most prior curves in API 530 were taken from Smith's work for MPC in the 60's and 70's. For this material new
data were obtained primarily from Japan. The superior behavior predicted at low stresses is based on MPC's
Project Omega studies in which the material did not suffer from severe oxidation in tests at temperatures used
in the low stress range. The trends are demonstrated by the equations and coefficients found in Annex F of
API 579-1/ASME FFS-1. These validate the more linear curve shape for these low alloy steels.
100
S
T
R
E
S
S 10
,
PROPOSED TENSILE
K STRENGTH
s
1
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
TEMPERATURE, F
Existing RP530 Data and Proposed New Data in US Customary Units: 1.25Cr-0.5Mo
55
100
PROPOSED AVERAGE
PROPOSED MINIMUM
R RUPTURE DATA
E
S
S 10
,
K
s
i
1
34 36 38 40 42 44
Based on the Average Larson-Miller Constant: 1.25Cr-0.5Mo
56
100
Cavg = 21.387
Cmin= 21.891803
S
T
R
E
S
S 10
,
K
s
i
1
34 36 38 40 42 44
Time-Dependent Properties: 1.25Cr-0.5Mo
57
13.6 2.25Cr-1Mo
Most prior curves in API 530 were taken from Smith's work for MPC in the 60's and 70's. New data were
obtained primarily from Japan. The superior behavior predicted at low stresses is based on MPC's Project
Omega studies, in which the tested material did not suffer from severe oxidation in tests at temperatures used
in the low stress range. The trends are demonstrated by the equations and coefficients found in Annex F of
API 579-1/ASME FFS-1. These validate the more linear curve shape for these low alloy steels.
100
S
T
R
E
S
S 10
,
PROPOSED TENSILE
K STRENGTH
s
1
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
TEMPERATURE, F
Existing RP530 Data and Proposed New Data in US Customary Units: 2.25Cr-1Mo
58
100
PROPOSED AVERAGE
PROPOSED MINIMUM
R RUPTURE DATA
E
S
S 10
,
K
s
i
1
30 32 34 36 38 40
Based on the Average Larson-Miller Constant: 2.25Cr-1Mo
59
100
Cavg = 18.9181
Cmin= 19.565607
S
T
R
E
S
S 10
,
K
s
i
1
30 32 34 36 38 40
Time-Dependent Properties: 2.25Cr-1Mo
60
13.7 3Cr-1Mo
The 3 Cr-1Mo alloy is not widely used and very little test data of any type, new or old, is available. It is
believed that there is a continuum of behavior from annealed 2 ¼ Cr-1Mo to the 5 Cr alloys. The sparse stress
rupture data was inadequate, on its own for analysis. Combining the available data with new data for the 5 Cr
alloy tubes showed the lower Cr alloy be slightly stronger as expected because of richer Mo and lower Cr.
MPC software permits identifying the behavior of the 3Cr-1Mo in the general population. The average and
minimum values represent that unique subset. No new tensile data were available. The current API trend was
adopted but indexed to the specified minimum properties. This resulted in slightly lower curves when the
curve was ratioed to those specified values.
100
S
T
R
E
S
S 10
,
PROPOSED TENSILE
K STRENGTH
s
1
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
TEMPERATURE, F
Existing RP530 Data and Proposed New Data in US Customary Units: 3Cr-1Mo
61
100
PROPOSED AVERAGE
PROPOSED MINIMUM
R RUPTURE DATA
E
S
S 10
,
K
s
i
1
24 26 28 30 32 34
Based on the Average Larson-Miller Constant: 3Cr-1Mo
62
100
Cavg = 15.38106
Cmin= 15.785226
S
T
R
E
S
S 10
,
K
s
i
1
24 26 28 30 32 34
Time-Dependent Properties: 3Cr-1Mo
63
13.8 5Cr-0.5Mo
A large amount of data on 5Cr-0.5Mo tubes was obtained from overseas sources. The stress rupture
database exceeded 500 test results, many lasting many years. Tensile data were also obtained but there was
significant scatter, especially at higher temperatures. Over 20 heats were evaluated with good agreement with
the current lines.
100
S
T
R
E
S
S 10
,
PROPOSED TENSILE
K STRENGTH
s
1
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
TEMPERATURE, F
Existing RP530 Data and Proposed New Data in US Customary Units: 5Cr-0.5Mo
64
100
PROPOSED AVERAGE
PROPOSED MINIMUM
R RUPTURE DATA
E
S
S 10
,
K
s
i
1
24 26 28 30 32 34
Based on the Average Larson-Miller Constant: 5Cr-0.5Mo
65
100
Cavg = 15.58928
Cmin= 16.025829
S
T
R
E
S
S 10
,
K
s
i
1
24 26 28 30 32 34
Time-Dependent Properties: 5Cr-0.5Mo
66
13.9 5Cr-0.5Mo-Si
There are no new data sources for 5Cr-0.5Mo-Si. Therefore, the material parameters developed for 5Cr-
0.5Mo are used to develop the following plots.
100
S
T
R
E
S
S 10
,
PROPOSED TENSILE
K STRENGTH
s
1
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
TEMPERATURE, F
Existing RP530 Data and Proposed New Data in US Customary Units: 5Cr-0.5Mo-Si
67
100
PROPOSED AVERAGE
PROPOSED MINIMUM
R RUPTURE DATA
E
S
S 10
,
K
s
i
1
24 26 28 30 32 34
Based on the Average Larson-Miller Constant: 5Cr-0.5Mo-Si
68
100
Cavg = 15.58928
Cmin= 16.025829
S
T
R
E
S
S 10
,
K
s
i
1
24 26 28 30 32 34
Time-Dependent Properties: 5Cr-0.5Mo-Si
69
13.10 7Cr-0.5Mo
This alloy is seldom specified and has been deleted from several current ASTM specifications. Little data
could be found in the literature and the data were not considered statistically meaningful or suitable for
generating new curves. The plots shown are based on the previous API 530 curves for the alloy converted to
the format used in this document. They are not intended to represent any change in the properties
anticipated.
100
S
T
R
E
S
S 10
,
PROPOSED TENSILE
K STRENGTH
s
1
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
TEMPERATURE, F
Existing RP530 Data and Proposed New Data in US Customary Units: 7Cr-0.5Mo
70
100
PROPOSED AVERAGE
PROPOSED MINIMUM
R RUPTURE DATA
E
S
S 10
,
K
s
i
1
34 36 38 40 42 44
Parameter Miller – Comparison of Existing RP530 Data and Proposed New Data in US Customary Units
Based on the Average Larson-Miller Constant: 7Cr-0.5Mo
71
100
Cavg = 19.62055
Cmin= 20.43746
S
T
R
E
S
S 10
,
K
s
i
1
34 36 38 40 42 44
Time-Dependent Properties: 7Cr-0.5Mo
72
13.11 9Cr-1Mo
The data base compiled was confined to tubes produced overseas for heat exchangers as opposed to the
original database of domestic products that produced an unusually wide scatter band. The relatively good
oxidation resistance of the alloy permitted tests to very low stresses and a normal scatter band was obtained
from this analysis. Most of the data tracked API’s mean line but the resulting minimum (design) lines are
higher than the current lines at most temperatures. A second order polynomial was selected to provide
conservatism for extrapolation beyond the range of available data.
100
S
T
R
E
S
S 10
,
PROPOSED TENSILE
K STRENGTH
s
1
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400
TEMPERATURE, F
Existing RP530 Data and Proposed New Data in US Customary Units: 9Cr-1Mo
73
100
PROPOSED AVERAGE
PROPOSED MINIMUM
R RUPTURE DATA
E
S
S 10
,
K
s
i
1
42 44 46 48 50 52 54
Based on the Average Larson-Miller Constant: 9Cr-1Mo
74
100
Cavg = 25.85909
Cmin= 26.223587
S
T
R
E
S
S 10
,
K
s
i
1
42 44 46 48 50 52 54
Time-Dependent Properties: 9Cr-1Mo
75
13.12 9Cr-1Mo-0.25V
For this material new data were obtained primarily from Japan.
100
S
T
R
E
S
S 10
,
PROPOSED TENSILE
K STRENGTH
s
1
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400
TEMPERATURE, F
Existing RP530 Data and Proposed New Data in US Customary Units: 9Cr-1Mo-0.25V
76
100
PROPOSED AVERAGE
PROPOSED MINIMUM
R RUPTURE DATA
E
S
S 10
,
K
s
i
1
52 54 56 58 60 62
Based on the Average Larson-Miller Constant: 9Cr-1Mo-0.25V
77
100
Cavg = 30.36423
Cmin= 30.886006
S
T
R
E
S
S 10
,
K
s
i
1
52 54 56 58 60 62
Time-Dependent Properties: 9Cr-1Mo-0.25V
78
13.13 Type 304L Stainless Steel

Type 304L Stainless Steel – Very little rupture testing of 304L is intentionally carried out. MPC studied many
heats and found 304 produced with carbon content in the range of 0.04%. These were used as the basis for
estimating performance at the L grade level.
100
S
T
R
E
S
S 10
,
K PROPOSED TENSILE
STRENGTH
s
i
1
0 250 500 750 1000 1250 1500
TEMPERATURE, F
Existing RP530 Data and Proposed New Data in US Customary Units: Type 304L Stainless Steel
79
100
PROPOSED AVERAGE
PROPOSED MINIMUM
R RUPTURE DATA
E
S
S 10
,
K
s
i
1
32 34 36 38 40 42
Based on the Average Larson-Miller Constant: Type 304L Stainless Steel
80
100
Cavg = 17.55
Cmin= 18.287902
S
T
R
E
S
S 10
,
K
s
i
1
32 34 36 38 40 42
Time-Dependent Properties: Type 304L Stainless Steel
81
13.14 Type 304 & 304H Stainless Steel

Data was obtained from overseas sources. Only data on tubes were utilized since the data were adequate for
analysis. A total of 28 heats where studied of different manufacturing process and producers. More than 450
results were included in the final data base. Materials could not be separated and so 304 and 304H were
lumped together. The resulting scatter band was less than the current curves but the minimum was about the
same.
100
S
T
R
E
S
S 10
,
PROPOSED TENSILE
K STRENGTH
s
1
0 250 500 750 1000 1250 1500
TEMPERATURE, F
Existing RP530 Data and Proposed New Data in US Customary Units: Type 304 & Type 304H Stainless
Steel
82
100
PROPOSED AVERAGE
PROPOSED MINIMUM
R RUPTURE DATA
E
S
S 10
,
K
s
i
1
28 30 32 34 36 38 40
Based on the Average Larson-Miller Constant: Type 304 & Type 304H Stainless Steel
83
100
Cavg = 15.52195
Cmin= 16.145903
S
T
R
E
S
S 10
,
K
s
i
1
30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46
Time-Dependent Properties: Type 304 & Type 304H Stainless Steel
84

Data analysis was performed on Type 316L to develop the Type 317L parameters, see paragraph 12.16. In
addition, the data indicates that the differences in the yield and ultimate tensile strength trend curves are
indistinguishable. Therefore, the material parameters developed for Type 317L are used for Type 316L.
100
S
T
R
E
S
S 10
,
PROPOSED TENSILE
K STRENGTH
s
1
0 250 500 750 1000 1250 1500
TEMPERATURE, F
85
100
PROPOSED AVERAGE
PROPOSED MINIMUM
R RUPTURE DATA
E
S
S 10
,
K
s
i
1
28 30 32 34 36 38 40
Based on the Average Larson-Miller Constant: Type 316L Stainless Steel
86
100
Cavg = 15.2
Cmin= 15.740107
S
T
R
E
S
S 10
,
K
s
i
1
28 30 32 34 36 38 40
Time-Dependent Properties: Type 316L Stainless Steel
87
13.16 Type 316 & 316H Stainless Steel

Over 700 data points were included in the final set, mainly on tubular products. Other product forms were
included to obtain results at over 1500F (low stresses). The data were all from foreign sources. The tensile
trends were remarkably similar to the current trends, when the different room temperature index values were
considered. Some heats showed poor stress rupture behavior. These aspects are being studied further.
However, the design values are very similar to those used now where the curves are supported by data.
100
S
T
R
E
S
S 10
,
PROPOSED TENSILE
K STRENGTH
s
1
0 250 500 750 1000 1250 1500
TEMPERATURE, F
Existing RP530 Data and Proposed New Data in US Customary Units: Type 316 & Type 316H Stainless
Steel
88
100
PROPOSED AVERAGE
PROPOSED MINIMUM
R RUPTURE DATA
E
S
S 10
,
K
s
i
1
30 32 34 36 38 40 42
Based on the Average Larson-Miller Constant: Type 316 & Type 316H Stainless Steel
89
100
Cavg = 16.30987
Cmin= 16.764145
S
T
R
E
S
S 10
,
K
s
i
1
30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44
Time-Dependent Properties: Type 316 & Type 316H Stainless Steel
90

There are very little data available on Type 317L. Thus far only a few test results were found, some were
incomplete and relatively short. However, a database of modern low carbon Type 316 was compiled from
Japan. This is far larger than anything Smith had to work with. MPC heat centered procedures enable
indexing on the limited 317L data and adjusting to provide a better estimate of low carbon material
performance. These heats should have increased nitrogen levels.
100
S
T
R
E
S
S 10
,
K PROPOSED TENSILE
STRENGTH
s
i
1
0 250 500 750 1000 1250 1500
TEMPERATURE, F
91
100
PROPOSED AVERAGE
PROPOSED MINIMUM
R RUPTURE DATA
E
S
S 10
,
K
s
i
1
28 30 32 34 36 38 40
Based on the Average Larson-Miller Constant (Using Type 316L Data): Type 317L Stainless Steel
92
100
PROPOSED AVERAGE
PROPOSED MINIMUM
R RUPTURE DATA
E
S
S 10
,
K
s
i
1
28 30 32 34 36 38 40
Based on the Average Larson-Miller Constant (Showing Type 317L Data Points Relative to Type 316L
Parameter Equations): Type 317L Stainless Steel
93
100
Cavg = 15.2
Cmin= 15.740107
S
T
R
E
S
S 10
,
K
s
i
1
28 30 32 34 36 38 40
Time-Dependent Properties: Type 317L Stainless Steel (Using Type 316L Data)
94
13.18 Type 321 Stainless Steel

Only 321 tube data conforming to modern specifications, but not classified as 321H by the foreign
suppliers was used. The average stress rupture strength found is in reasonable agreement with Smith's
original analyses for MPC that provided the values used by API 530 for this material. However, the variance
was much smaller in the current work. It is believed that Smith included products that did not conform to
today's specifications. Therefore the minimum strength is a more reasonable (higher) fraction of the average.
Failure to assure proper heat treatment and composition can lead to unsatisfactory performance.
100
S
T
R
E
S
S 10
,
PROPOSED TENSILE
K STRENGTH
s
1
0 250 500 750 1000 1250 1500
TEMPERATURE, F
Existing RP530 Data and Proposed New Data in US Customary Units: Type 321 Stainless Steel
95
100
PROPOSED AVERAGE
PROPOSED MINIMUM
R RUPTURE DATA
E
S
S 10
,
K
s
i
1
24 26 28 30 32 34
Based on the Average Larson-Miller Constant: Type 321 Stainless Steel
96
100
Cavg = 13.325
Cmin= 12.8
S
T
R
E
S
S 10
,
K
s
i
1
24 26 28 30 32 34 36
Time-Dependent Properties: Type 321 Stainless Steel
97
13.19 Type 321H Stainless Steel

The data collection focused on tubular products. The yield strength data found were scattered, as is often the
case for products heat treated to high temperatures, rapidly cooled and then straightened. Statistical analysis
of yield strengths revealed a weak temperature correlation, best described by a straight line. The stress
rupture data displayed less scatter than the API 530 plot for this alloy probably because of greater attention to
conformance of the materials to the H grade requirements. The average behavior was substantially
unchanged, but the minimum was elevated. Most data were obtained for material produced by modern
processes in Japan.
100
S
T
R
E
S
S 10
,
PROPOSED TENSILE
K STRENGTH
s
1
0 250 500 750 1000 1250 1500
TEMPERATURE, F
Existing RP530 Data and Proposed New Data in US Customary Units: Type 321H Stainless Steel
98
100
PROPOSED AVERAGE
PROPOSED MINIMUM
R RUPTURE DATA
E
S
S 10
,
K
s
i
1
28 30 32 34 36 38
Based on the Average Larson-Miller Constant: Type 321H Stainless Steel
99
100
Cavg = 14.75958
Cmin= 15.293986
S
T
R
E
S
S 10
,
K
s
i
1
28 30 32 34 36 38 40
Time-Dependent Properties: Type 321H Stainless Steel
100
13.20 Type 347 Stainless Steel

For this material new data were obtained primarily from Japan. The trends are demonstrated by the equations
and coefficients found in Annex F of API 579-1/ASME FFS-1.
100
S
T
R
E
S
S 10
,
PROPOSED TENSILE
K STRENGTH
s
1
0 250 500 750 1000 1250 1500
TEMPERATURE, F
Existing RP530 Data and Proposed New Data in US Customary Units: Type 347 Stainless Steel
101
100
PROPOSED AVERAGE
PROPOSED MINIMUM
R RUPTURE DATA
E
S
S 10
,
K
s
i
1
26 28 30 32 34 36 38
Based on the Average Larson-Miller Constant: Type 347 Stainless Steel
102
100
Cavg = 14.25
Cmin= 14.889042
S
T
R
E
S
S 10
,
K
s
i
1
26 28 30 32 34 36 38
Time-Dependent Properties: Type 347 Stainless Steel
103
13.21 Type 347H Stainless Steel

For this material new data were obtained primarily from Japan. The trends are demonstrated by the equations
and coefficients found in Annex F of API 579-1/ASME FFS-1.
100
S
T
R
E
S
S 10
,
PROPOSED TENSILE
STRENGTH
K PROPOSED YIELD STRENGTH
s
EXISTING RP 530 TENSILE
i
1
0 250 500 750 1000 1250 1500
TEMPERATURE, F
Existing RP530 Data and Proposed New Data in US Customary Units: Type 347H Stainless Steel
104
100
PROPOSED AVERAGE
PROPOSED MINIMUM
R RUPTURE DATA
E
S
S 10
,
K
s
i
1
26 28 30 32 34 36
Based on the Average Larson-Miller Constant: Type 347H Stainless Steel
105
100
Cavg = 13.79341
Cmin= 14.458025
S
T
R
E
S
S 10
,
K
s
i
1
26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40
Time-Dependent Properties: Type 347H Stainless Steel
106
13.22 Alloy 800

The data chosen for this class of material excluded results from heats that do not take advantage of the heat
treating and compositional controls imposed to obtain the 800H and 800HT grades. These include controls on
aluminum, titanium, and carbon contents, grain size and annealing temperatures. Such unrestricted material
is not usually used for creep service and the data base is relatively small. The very high temperatures
permitted for 800H and 800HT cannot be recommended with confidence.
100
S
T
R
E
S
S 10
,
K PROPOSED TENSILE
STRENGTH
s
i
1
0 250 500 750 1000 1250 1500 1750
TEMPERATURE, F
Existing RP530 Data and Proposed New Data in US Customary Units: UNS N08800 (Alloy 800)
107
100
PROPOSED AVERAGE
PROPOSED MINIMUM
EXISTING RP 530 AVERAGE
S
EXISTING RP 530 MINIMUM
T
RUPTURE DATA
R
E
S
S 10
,
K
s
i
1
28 30 32 34 36 38
Based on the Average Larson-Miller Constant: UNS N08800 (Alloy 800)
108
100
Cavg = 16.50878
Cmin= 17.005384
S
T
R
E
S
S 10
,
K
s
i
1
28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44
Time-Dependent Properties: UNS N08800 (Alloy 800)
109
13.23 Alloy 800H

Yield and ultimate tensile strength data were obtained for tubular products of Alloy 800H. The stress rupture
data shown represent a broad international database generally in conformance with prior estimates. Some of
the test results captured here are from tests lasting in excess of 100,000 hours.
100
S
T
R
E
S
S 10
,
K PROPOSED TENSILE
STRENGTH
s
i
1
0 250 500 750 1000 1250 1500 1750
TEMPERATURE, F
Existing RP530 Data and Proposed New Data in US Customary Units: UNS N08810 (Alloy 800H)
110
100
PROPOSED AVERAGE
PROPOSED MINIMUM
R RUPTURE DATA
E
S
S 10
,
K
s
i
1
30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46
Based on the Average Larson-Miller Constant: UNS N08810 (Alloy 800H)
111
100
Cavg = 16.04227
Cmin= 16.564046
S
T
R
E
S
S 10
,
K
s
i
1
30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46
Time-Dependent Properties: UNS N08810 (Alloy 800H)
112
13.24 Alloy 800HT

MPC combined the original database used in setting the control limits that defined the 800HT class of material
with more recent data on tubular products from overseas sources. Some results on the newer products were
for tests that lasted beyond 30,000 hours at low stresses and very high temperatures. As a result the
parameter curve is well defined. It should be noted that the improvement for 800HT versus 800H is not
expected to be very large at intermediate temperatures and disappears at very high temperatures due to the
redissolving of carbides and strengthening nickel-aluminum-titanium compounds.
100
S
T
R
E
S
S 10
,
K PROPOSED TENSILE
STRENGTH
s
i
1
0 250 500 750 1000 1250 1500 1750
TEMPERATURE, F
Existing RP530 Data and Proposed New Data in US Customary Units: UNS N08811 (Alloy 800HT)
113
100
PROPOSED AVERAGE
PROPOSED MINIMUM
R RUPTURE DATA
E
S
S 10
,
K
s
i
1
28 30 32 34 36 38 40
Based on the Average Larson-Miller Constant: UNS N08811 (Alloy 800HT)
114
100
Cavg = 13.2341
Cmin= 13.606722
S
T
R
E
S
S 10
,
K
s
i
1
28 30 32 34 36 38 40
Time-Dependent Properties: UNS N08811 (Alloy 800HT)
115
13.25 HK-40
Elevated temperature yield and ultimate tensile strength values were obtained for the high carbon content HK
40 castings. The strength properties found varied, but the trend shown was strongly indicative of an increase
in yield strength in the 1200-1300˚F range due to precipitation at those temperatures. The extent of the
increase in yield strength is not easily displayed by the smooth curve of the polynomial used to display the
properties. The large database collected shows lower minimums than the existing API 530 curves.
100
S
T
R
E
S
S 10
,
K PROPOSED TENSILE
STRENGTH
s
i
1
0 250 500 750 1000 1250 1500 1750
TEMPERATURE, F
Existing RP530 Data and Proposed New Data in US Customary Units: HK-40
116
100
PROPOSED AVERAGE
PROPOSED MINIMUM
R RUPTURE DATA
E
S
S 10
,
K
s
i
1
26 28 30 32 34 36
Based on the Average Larson-Miller Constant: HK-40
117
100
Cavg = 10.4899
Cmin= 10.856489
S
T
R 10
E
S
S
,
1
K
s
i
0.1
22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36
Time-Dependent Properties: HK-40
118

API RP 530-2009 Data Book

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

API RP 530-2009 Data Book

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

API 530 Material Data Book

August, 2009 Edition

API 530 MATERIAL DATA BOOK

( ⎡C0 + C1T + C2T 2 + C3T 3 + C4T 4 + C5T 5 ⎤

3 ULTIMATE TENSILE STRENGTH

4 TIME-INDEPENDENT ALLOWABLE STRESS

LMP = A0 + A1 ⋅ log10 [σ ] + A2 ⋅ ( log10 [σ ]) + A3 ⋅ ( log10 [σ ])

6 TIME-DEPENDENT ALLOWABLE STRESS

8 APPLICABLE ASTM SPECIFICATIONS

9 MATERIAL PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

Cmin Larson-Miller Constant, minimum properties.

Ld service or design life in hours.

S100,000 stress to cause rupture in 100,000 hours.

X time-independent allowable stress parameter.

σ uts ultimate tensile strength in ksi.

σ ysrt minimum specified yield strength in ksi at room temperature.

The coefficients, C0 through C5 for 2.25Cr-1Mo are determined from Table 1.

The coefficients, C0 through C5 for 2.25Cr-1Mo are determined from Table 1.

Substituting these values into Equation (23) results in:

The coefficients, C0 through C5 for 2.25Cr-1Mo are determined from Table 1.

LMP = A0 + A1 ⋅ log [σ ] + A2 ⋅ ( log [σ ]) + A3 ⋅ ( log [σ ])

The coefficients, A0 through A3 for 2.25Cr-1Mo are determined from Table 3.

Table 11.3E – Larson-Miller Parameter as a Function of Stress

Stress (ksi) 100

Figure 11.3E – Stress verse Larson-Miller Parameter

LMP = A0 + A1 ⋅ log [σ ] + A2 ⋅ ( log [σ ]) + A3 ⋅ ( log [σ ])

LMP = A0 + A1 ⋅ log [σ ] + A2 ⋅ ( log [σ ]) + A3 ⋅ ( log [σ ])

Table 11.6E – Rupture Exponent as a Function of Temperature

Figure 11.6E – Rupture Exponent as a Function of Temperature

LMP = A0 + A1 ⋅ log [σ ] + A2 ⋅ ( log [σ ]) + A3 ⋅ ( log [σ ])

Table 11.7E – Sample of Tabulated Values Used to Plot Figure 9.7E

Design Life, Ld ( hours )

Stress (ksi) 100

The coefficients, C0 through C5 for 2.25Cr-1Mo are determined from Table 1.

σ ys = 22.8005 ksi (60)

LMP = A0 + A1 ⋅ log [σ ] + A2 ⋅ ( log [σ ]) + A3 ⋅ ( log [σ ])

Table 11.8E – Sample of Tabulated Values Used to Plot Figure 9.8E

LMP Stress, σ ( ksi )

Figure 11.8E – Graphical Solution to Problem 8

The coefficients, C0 through C5 for 304L SS are determined from Table 1.

3) STEP 1.3 – Determine the elastic design factor from Table 2.

LMP = A0 + A1 ⋅ log10 [σ ] + A2 ⋅ ( log10 [σ ]) + A3 ⋅ ( log10 [σ ])

-8.42E3 + (-8.42E3) 2 − 4(-1.462E3)(46170 − 35165)

⎡C0 + C1T + C2T 2 + C3T 3 + C4T 4 + C5T 5 ⎤

The coefficients, C0 through C5 for 347H SS are determined from Table 1.

LMP = A0 + A1 ⋅ log [σ ] + A2 ⋅ ( log [σ ]) + A3 ⋅ ( log [σ ])

1 ⎡⎛ 6.75 ×103 ⎞ ⎛ -1.223 ×104 ⎞ ⎤

⎛ ⎛ 6.75 ×103 ⎞3 ⎡ 6.75 × 103 × -1.22 ×104 ⎤ ⎞

6.750 × 103 −0.8056

LMP = A0 + A1 ⋅ log10 [σ ] + A2 ⋅ ( log10 [σ ]) + A3 ⋅ ( log10 [σ ])

Table 11.11E – Service Life as a Function Of Stress and Temperature

Stress (ksi) 100

LMP = A0 + A1 ⋅ log [σ ] + A2 ⋅ ( log [σ ]) + A3 ⋅ ( log [σ ])

A0 + A1 ⋅ log10 [σ ] + A2 ⋅ ( log10 [σ ]) + A3 ⋅ ( log10 [σ ])

For 100,000 hours, Equation (104) becomes:

A0 + A1 ⋅ log10 [σ ] + A2 ⋅ ( log10 [σ ]) + A3 ⋅ ( log10 [σ ])

A0 + A1 ⋅ log10 [σ ] + A2 ⋅ ( log10 [σ ]) + A3 ⋅ ( log10 [σ ])

A0 + A1 ⋅ log10 [σ ] + A2 ⋅ ( log10 [σ ]) + A3 ⋅ ( log10 [σ ])

Minimum Properties Average Properties

Stress (ksi) 100

Material Parameter Yield Strength (ksi) Tensile Strength (ksi)

Low Carbon Steel C2 -2.0694516E-08 1.2941407E-05

Medium Carbon Steel C2 -2.0694516E-08 1.2941407E-05

C-0.5Mo C2 1.8433603E-07 1.3823832E-05