CONSTRUCTION AND MATERIALS

CODE COURSE:DCB10012
LECTURER NAME: PN.ARFFAAZILA
BINTI RAHMAT

ASSIGMENT 2
STUDENT’S NAME MATRIC NO
NUR ALIAH INSYIRAH 08DPB23F1011
MOHAMMAD HAFIZ
VARSHNEE A/P ARULRAJAN 08DPB23F1023
NORSYAZWINA BINTI 08DPB23F1052
SYAIFUL
NUR ALYSSHA BINTI AZAN 08DPB23F1048
INTRODUCTION
-Construction Solid Waste means any solid waste resulting from any kind of construction or
demolition activity, involving improvement, preparatory, fix, or alteration work, can be referred to as
construction solid waste. Solid waste involves various types of waste material, such as garbage,
refuse, wastewater from air pollution control facilities, water supply treatment plants, waste
treatment plants, and other discarded material. This includes liquid, semisolid, solid, or contained
gaseous materials that results from agriculture, mining, business, industrial, and community
activities.

TYPEs OF SOLID WASTE

1)Material based cement
2)Aggregates
3)Glass
4)Wood
5)Paper
6)Plastic
7)Metal
8)concrete
Metal
Metal waste can be responsibly disposed of, recycled, and reused through a
variety of methods that support environmental sustainability. The following are
several ways which recycling metal waste may benefit the environment:

1) Energy Efficient:
-In general, less energy is needed for creating metal from recycled materials
than to extract and refine metal from virgin ores. For instance, recycling
aluminum uses a lot less energy than producing primary aluminum from
bauxite. The overall decrease in greenhouse gas emissions linked to the
production of metals is facilitated by these energy savings.

2) Decreased Pollution of the Environment:

-Pollutants are frequently released into the air, water, and soil when the
processes of extracting and producing metal. Cleaner air and water can result
from reducing the environmental pollution caused by primary metal production
by metal recycling.

3) Reducing Waste and Diverting Landfill:

- Metal waste recycling contributes significantly to the removal of material from
landfills. Because metal is a strongly material, it may linger in landfills for a
long time and possibly leak dangerous materials into the groundwater and soil.
Metal recycling contributes to lowering the amount of waste in landfills.

CONCRETE
By focusing on reducing, reusing, and recycling concrete waste, there are plenty
of ways that concrete waste management can support environmental
sustainability.
1) Concrete Aggregate Recycling
You can recycle crushed concrete as an aggregate for fresh concrete mixtures.
By lowering the demand for virgin aggregates as sand and gravel, this technique
lessens the impact of aggregate extraction on the environment and helps
preserve natural resources.

2) Decreased disturbance of the environment

Natural ecosystems and landscapes are preserved if new raw materials to the
production of concrete are not extracted. The environmental disruption caused
by mining and quarrying can be reduced by using recycled concrete.

PLASTIC
While plastic waste management may support environmental sustainability, it
still presents substantial environmental challenges. The following are a few
strategies to lessen the negative effects of plastic waste on the environment
1) Preservation of Resources
Oil and natural gas, which are the main raw materials used in the production
of plastics, can be preserved by recycling waste plastic. Utilizing recycled
plastic encourages a more sustainable use of limited resources by lowering
the need to extract and process new fossil fuels.
2) Reusing Plastics in Construction
The demand for new plastic production can be considerably decreased by
recycling the plastic waste produced in the construction industry. PVC pipes,
polyethylene sheets, and packaging materials are a few instances of
construction plastics that can be recycled into new goods, saving resources
and lessening the environmental impact of producing virgin plastics.
3) Green Construction Supplies
The process of creating sustainable and environmentally friendly building
materials requires the use of recycled plastics. An environmentally friendly
substitute for conventional building materials is offered by the incorporation
of recycled plastics into products like composite decking, insulating
material, or roofing tiles.

PAPER
An environmentally sustainable approach to waste management for construction
paper can improve the state of the environment as a whole. Waste of
construction paper can promote sustainability in a variety of ways.

1)Recycling
Recycling is an option for clean paper waste, like cardboard and plain paper.
By diverting paper from landfills and assisting in the creation of nutrient-rich
compost, composting paper helps to promote environmentally friendly waste
management techniques.

2)Preservation of Resources
The need to harvest timber and cut down trees for paper production is reduced
when waste construction paper is recycled. This contributes to forest
conservation, which is important for biodiversity, preserving greenhouse gases,
and preserving ecological balance.

WOOD
Environmental sustainability can be enhanced by managing waste wood from
construction projects in an environmentally responsible way. Here are several
ways that waste wood from construction projects can promote sustainability.
1) Reusing Wood
Processing leftover wood materials to make new products is known as
recycling construction wood waste. Mulch, engineered wood products,
composite materials, and other applications are among the uses for recycled
wood. Recycling lessens the impact of logging and wood production on the
environment and lowers the demand for new timber.
2) Energy Efficient

In general, by using recycled materials to create new wood products uses

less energy than using virgin wood to manufacture the same products.
Energy conservation helps to lower greenhouse gas emissions from the
production and processing for wood.
GLASS
Overall environmental sustainability can be enhanced by managing construction
glass waste in an environmentally responsible way. Glass waste of construction
projects can promote sustainability in a number of ways.

1)Recycling Glass
One of the most important ways to lessen the impact of glass production on the
environment is to recycle waste construction glass. Cullet, or recycled glass, is
utilized in the production of new glass goods. As a result, less energy is used
during production and fewer raw materials must be extracted.

2) Landscaping with Glass Paving:

Glass aggregate, sometimes referred to as crushed glass, is useful for paving

and landscaping. By reusing construction glass waste, the environmental impact
of extracting and transporting natural aggregates is decreased and an alternative
to standard materials like gravel is offered.
PURPOSE OF REGULATION
Establishing guidelines and standards for the appropriate handling, disposal,
and management of construction solid waste is the goal of regulations like the
Waste Management and Public Cleaning (Scheme for Construction Solid Waste)
2018. The objective of these regulations is to mitigate the adverse effects of
construction activities on the surrounding environment, public health, and
safety. They could encourage an organized approach to waste management in
the construction sector by incorporating clauses pertaining to waste
segregation, recycling, and appropriate disposal techniques. Adherence to
these regulations aids in addressing environmental issues, mitigating pollution,
and encouraging conscientious resource utilization.
CONCLUSION