Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Questions 6-10. Write NO MORE THAN ONE WORD AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.
MEGEQUIP CUSTOMER ORDER
Item Catalogue no. Catalogue Colour Delivery notes
section
desk lamp 664 slate customer will (7)
(6) ……………… ………………
chair 131 Home Office (8) our van
………………
filling cabinet two 153 Commercial grey direct from London
drawers with (9) to later than (10)
……………… ………………
HOSTELS
Name Location Cost of a double Notes
room
Hostelling 10 minutes from $50 per night but only - Membership card
International downtown by (1) $……………… for offers a discount on
West End bus members entry to (2) ………………
- Internet access costs $3
per (3) ………………
(4) ……………… Near the beach. $62. Meals extra but - Was built as a hotel in
Hostel Two-minute walk to only available in (7) ………………
(5) ……………… (6) ……………… - Can hire (8) ………………
from the hostel
Backpackers In (9) $45 plus $5 for A (10) ………………on
Hostel ………………district breakfast every floor for guests to
use
Questions 6-10
Write ONE WORD AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.
Tenancy Form
Tenant details
Full name: Andrew (6) ………………
Best contact: (7) andrew171@……………… .com
Driver’s licence: (8) ………………
Tenancy details
Moving-in date: (9) ………………
Rent per week: $315
Bond paid: (10) $ ………………
A art exhibition
B band entrance
C car park
D craft fair
E exhibitions’ entrance
F fringe stage
G lock-up garages
H main stage
I restaurant
17 What is the proper security protocol for a pocket knife found in a carry-on suitcase?
A It is returned to the passenger after examination.
B It is thrown away in a safe receptacle.
C It is passed on to higher-level authorities.
Questions 13 and 14
Choose TWO letters, A-E.
Which TWO ways that volunteers can benefit from volunteering are mentioned?
A learning how to be part of a team
B having a sense of purpose
C realising how lucky they are
D improved ability at time management
E boosting their employment prospects
Questions 19 and 20
Choose TWO letters, A-E.
Which TWO things does the speaker say about the Castle Feast?
A Visitors can dance after the meal.
B There is a choice of food.
C Visitors wear historical costume.
D Knives and forks are not used.
E The entertainment includes horse races.
Questions 19 and 20
Choose TWO letters, A-E.
What TWO activities on the last Digital Inclusion Day did participants describe as useful?
A learning to use tablets
B communicating with family
C shopping online
D playing online games
E sending emails
Questions 19 and 20
Choose TWO letters, A-E.
Which TWO pieces of advice does the speaker give for setting goals?
A write goals down
B have achievable aims
C set a time limit
D give yourself rewards
E challenge yourself
Questions 29 and 30
Choose TWO letters, A-E.
Which TWO things are true about the participants in the study on the traffic-light system?
A They had low literacy levels.
B They were regular consumers of packaged food.
C They were selected randomly.
D They were from all socio-economic groups.
E They were interviewed face-to-face.
25 What was the aim of the writing exercise done by the subjects?
A to reduce stress
B to strengthen verbal ability
C to encourage logical thinking
28 Greg and Lisa decide that in their own project, they will compare the effects of
A two different writing tasks.
B a writing task with an oral task.
C two different oral tasks.
29 The main finding of Smolinsky’s research was that class teamwork activities
A were most effective when done by all-women groups.
B had no effect on the performance of men or women.
C improved the results of men more than of women.
24 What do they say about the method they used to measure wave speed?
A It provided accurate results.
B It was simple to carry out.
C It required special equipment.
25 What mistake did Helen make when first drawing the map?
A She chose the wrong scale.
B She stood in the wrong place.
C She did it at the wrong time.
Questions 29 and 30
Choose TWO letters, A-E.
Which TWO reasons for possible error will they include in their report?
A inaccurate records of the habitat of organisms
B influence on behaviour of organisms by observer
C incorrect identification of some organisms
D making generalisations from a small sample
E missing some organisms when counting
Questions 23 and 24
Choose TWO letters, A-E.
Which TWO points does Joanna make about her use of telephone interviews?
A It meant rich data could be collected.
B It allowed the involvement of top performers.
C It led to a stressful atmosphere at times.
D It meant interview times had to be limited.
E It caused some technical problems.
Questions 25 and 26
Choose TWO letters, A-E.
Which TWO topics did Joanna originally intend to investigate in her research?
A regulations concerning concert dress
B audience reactions to the dress of performers
C changes in performer attitudes to concert dress
D how choice of dress relates to performer roles
E links between musical instrument and dress choice
28 Mike Frost’s article suggests that in popular music, women’s dress is affected by
A their wish to be taken seriously.
B their tendency to copy each other.
C their reaction to the masculine nature of the music.
30 According to the speakers, musicians could learn from sports scientists about
A the importance of clothing for physical freedom.
B the part played by clothing in improving performance.
C the way clothing may protect against physical injury.
23 What does Howard say was his main worry a year previously?
A. Forgetting what he’d read about.
B. Not understanding what he’d read.
C. Taking such a long time to read each book.
Questions 27-28
Choose TWO letters, A-E.
What TWO things does Howard say about library provision?
A. Staff are particularly helpful to undergraduates.
B. Inter-library loans are very reliable.
C. Students can borrow extra books when writing a dissertation.
D. Staff recommend relevant old dissertations.
E. It’s difficult to access electronic resources.
Questions 29-30
Choose TWO letters, A-E.
What TWO things does Joanne agree to discuss with her tutor?
A. The best ways to collaborate with other students.
B. Who to get help from during college vacations.
C. The best way to present the research.
D. Whether she can use web sources.
E. How to manage her study time.
Questions 19-20
Choose TWO letters, A-E.
What TWO changes will be made to the competition next year?
A A new way of judging.
B A different length of film.
C An additional age category.
D Different performance times.
E New locations for performances.
22 How did Leela and Jake persuade students to take part in their research?
A They convinced them they would enjoy the experience.
B They said it would help them do a particular test.
C They offered to help them with their own research later on.
23 Leela and Jake changed the design of the original questionnaire because
A it was too short for their purposes.
B it asked misleading questions.
C it contained out-of-date points.
Questions 27-28
Choose TWO letters, A-E.
In which TWO areas did these research findings differ from those of the original study?
A Students’ interest in doing similar exercises.
B How much students liked doing the crossword.
C Time taken to do the crossword.
D Gender differences in appreciation.
E Opinions about using crosswords for formal assessment.
Questions 29-30
Choose TWO letters, A-E.
What TWO skills did Leela and Jake agree they had learned from the project?
A How to manage their time effectively.
B How to process numerical data.
C How to design research tools.
D How to reference other people’s work.
E How to collaborate in research.
24 Who did obtain the special experience from the field trip carried out by the organisation?
A students
B teachers
C researchers
Questions 27-28
Choose TWO letters, A-E.
Which TWO benefits of this activity to the students are mentioned by the professor?
A They become more punctual.
B They feel more confident.
C They get practical experience.
D They learn how to collect data.
E They know the importance of environment protection.
Questions 29-30
Choose TWO letters, A-E.
What TWO things will the woman do in the rest of the time when no activities are going on?
A read more reference books
B study in library
C interview some teachers
D participate in one of fun hobbies
E join in some tutorials
30. Hiroko thinks that in the reading classes the students should
A. learn more vocabulary.
B. read more in their own subject areas.
C. develop better reading strategies.
22 What does the tutor say about Ahmed’s preparation for the seminar?
A. He was better prepared than some students.
B. He completed some useful work.
C. He read some useful articles.
Questions 29 and 30
Choose TWO letters, A-E.
Which TWO suggestions does the tutor make about taking notes?
A. plan them before the seminar
B. note down key words that people say
C. note points to say later
D. include self-analysis
E. rewrite them after the seminar
Questions 23 and 24
Choose TWO letters, A-E.
Which do the speakers say are the TWO reasons why Heyerdahl went to live on an island?
A to examine ancient carvings
B to experience an isolated place
C to formulate a new theory
D to learn survival skills
E to study the impact of an extreme environment
26 Which do the speakers agree was the main reason for Heyerdahl’s raft journey?
A to overcome a research setback
B to demonstrate a personal quality
C to test a new theory
A bullet points
B film
C notes
D structure
E student paper
F textbook
G documentary
RESEARCH
Locate and read relevant articles, noting key information and also 21…………….
Identify a problem or need
A. written records
B. online studies
C. specific questions
D. individual responsibility
E. proper planning
F. regular meetings
There are several 26............. involved In producing a good essay. The writer must think
independently and give 27............. examples as support, each one with a reference (which is
a 28.............). The formatting must follow the 29............. issued by the university, as well as
the word count decided by the lecturer, although it can vary by 30.............
The subject undertakes exercise by regularly 6................. . She does yoga in order to relax
and 7................ her muscles. When she was younger, she would 8................, and in the
future, she may go 9................ although that will depend on whether she has enough
10.................
One of the basic strategies when listening to lectures is to use 21................. This saves
times, but it is only effective if they can be 22................later. More generally, it is necessary
to format the page in anticipation of the 23................of the lecture. As an example, one can
draw 24................, tables, and flowcharts, consistent with the way the subject matter is
presented.
John was interested in the 1................ so took an ecology course at university. The course
included a section on 2................ and an interesting lecture caused him to quickly change his
degree. John said working in palaeontology can be difficult and he describes the conditions
as 3................ However, the discovery of a 4................ from an ancient animal made him
realise he had made the right choice.
In 1973, Mark Granovetter claimed that the influence of "weak-ties" can affect the behaviour of
populations in the fields of information science, politics and 31................ . Although friends-
of-friends may be unlike us, they have similar enough 32................ to have a beneficial effect
on our lives. An example of this influence is when we hear about 33................ because
information about them is provided by weak-ties. Since Granovetter proposed his theory,
other studies have shown that weak-tie networks also benefit our 34................ .
Decisions
A use visuals
B keep it short
C involve other students
D check the information is accurate
E provide a handout
F focus on one example
G do online research
Actions
A make it more interactive
B reduce visual input
C add personal opinions
D contact one of the researchers
E make detailed notes
F find information online
G check timing
H organise the content more clearly
Sections of presentation
25 Introduction ………………
26 Discovery of the mammoth tooth ………………
27 Initial questions asked by the researchers ………………
28 Further research carried out on the island ………………
29 Findings and possible explanations ………………
30 Relevance to the present day ………………
Problems
A makes a lot of mistakes in rehearsals
B keeps making unhelpful suggestions
C has difficulty with rhythm
D misses too many rehearsals
E has a health problem
F doesn’t mix with other students
Band members
27 flautist ………………
28 trumpeter ………………
29 trombonist ………………
30 percussionist ………………
Comments
A translated into many other languages
B hard to read
C inspired a work in a different area of art
D more popular than the author’s other works
E original title refers to another book
F started a new genre
G unlikely topic
Stories
26 Perrault’s fairy tales …………………
27 The Swiss Family Robinson …………………
28 The Nutcracker and the Mouse King …………………
29 The Lord of the Rings …………………
30 War Horse …………………
Assessment includes three 28 ………………………. which take place at the end of the stages of
the degree. Final assessment is based on a project, and includes the student's 29
………………………. in the form of a written report, and the 30 ………………………. to which
representatives of fashion companies are invited.
Information
A It has a good place to stop and rest.
B It is suitable for all abilities.
C It involves crossing a river.
D It demands a lot of skill.
E It may be closed in bad weather.
F It has some very narrow sections.
Mountain trails
17 Highland Trail …………….
18 Pine Trail …………….
19 Stony Trail …………….
20 Loser’s Trail …………….
Responsibilities
A training courses
B food stocks
C first aid
D breakages
E staff discounts
F timetables
Restaurant staff
17 Joy Parkins ……………
18 David Field ……………
19 Dexter Wills ……………
20 Mike Smith ……………
Comments
A The playwright will be present.
B The play was written to celebrate an anniversary.
C The play will be performed inside a historic building.
D The play will be accompanied by live music.
E The play will be performed outdoors.
F The play will be performed for the first time.
G The performance will be attended by officials from the town.
Days
16 Wednesday …………..
17 Thursday …………..
18 Friday …………..
19 Saturday …………..
20 Monday …………..
Habitat
The bear’s relationship with the forest is complex.
Tree roots stop 34……………. along salmon streams.
The bears’ feeding habits provide nutrients for forest vegetation.
It is currently found on a small number of 35…………….. .
Threats
Habitat is being lost due to deforestation and construction of 36……………… by logging
companies.
Unrestricted 37……………… is affecting the salmon supply.
The bears’ existence is also threatened by their low rate of 38………………. .
Going forward
Interested parties are working together.
Logging companies must improve their 39…………….. of logging.
Maintenance and 40…………….. of the spirit bears’ territory is needed.
Business structures
more teams will be formed to work on a particular 36…………….
businesses may need to offer hours that are 37……………… , or the chance to work
remotely
Management styles
increasing need for managers to provide good 38……………..
changes influenced by 39…………….. taking senior roles
Leaders
Leadership behaviour and 36……………. affects people’s focus
Transformational Leaders:
pay special attention to the 37……………. of their followers
passionately communicate a clear 38…………….
inspire promotion focus in followers
Transactional Leaders:
create 39…………… to make expectations clear
emphasise the results of a mistake
inspire prevention focus in followers
Conclusion
Promotion Focus is good for jobs requiring 40…………….
Prevention Focus is good for work such as a surgeon
Leaders’ actions affect which focus people use
Building design
It’s approached by a 34……………… for pedestrians
The building is the shape of a 35……………….
One exterior wall acts as a large 36………………
In the auditorium:
the floor is built on huge pads made of 37………………
the walls are made of local wood and are 38……………… in shape
ceiling panels and 39………………. on walls allow adjustment of acoustics
Evaluation
Some critics say the 40…………….. style of the building is inappropriate
ETHNOGRAPHY IN BUSINESS
Ethnography: research which explores human cultures
It can be used in business:
to investigate customer needs and 31…………….
to help companies develop new designs
Regenerative agriculture:
o uses established practices to make sure soil remains fertile and 35……………..
o e.g. through year-round planting and increasing the 36…………… of plants that are
grown
California study:
o taking place on a big 37…………….. farm
o uses compost made from waste from agriculture and 38………………
Australia study:
o aims to increase soil carbon by using 39……………… that are always green
Collaboration
During a training course, the speaker was in a team that had to build a 33………………. .
Other teams experienced 34…………….. from trying to collaborate.
The speaker’s team won because they reduced collaboration.
Sales of a 35…………….. were poor because of collaboration.
Industriousness
Hard work may be a bad use of various company 36………………. .
The word ‘lazy’ in this context refers to people who avoid doing tasks that are 37………………… .
Creativity
An advertising campaign for a 38……………….. was memorable but failed to boost sales.
Creativity should be used as a response to a particular 39………………. .
Excellence
According to one study, on average, pioneers had a 40……………… that was far higher than that
of followers.
Companies that always aim at excellence may miss opportunities.
Conflict at work
Conflict mostly consists of behaviour in the general category of 31…………………………
Often a result of people wanting to prove their 32…………………………
Also caused by differences in 33…………………………between people 34 ‘…………………………’
conflicts: people more concerned about own team than about company
Conflict-related stress can cause 35……………. that may last for months
Other managers
A structure that is more 38…………………………may create a feeling of uncertainly about who
staff should report to.
Minimising conflict
Bosses need to try hard to gain 39…………………………
Someone from outside the company may be given the role of 40…………………………in order to
resolve conflicts.
Noise in Cities
Past research focused on noise level (measured in decibels) and people’s responses.
Noise ‘maps’
show that the highest noise levels are usually found on roads
do not show other sources of noise, e.g. when windows are open or people’s neighbours
are in their 31……………
ignore variation in people’s perceptions of noise
have made people realize that the noise is a 32…………….. issue that must be dealt with
Problems caused by noise
sleep disturbance
increase in amount of stress
effect on the 33……………. of schoolchildren
Different types of noise
Some noises can be considered pleasant e.g. the sound of a 34……………… in a town
To investigate this, researchers may use methods from 35……………… sciences e.g.
questionnaires
What people want
Plenty of activity in urban environments which are 36……………… , but also allow people to
relax
But architects and town planners
do not get much 37…………….. in acoustics
regard sound as the responsibility of engineers
Understanding sound as an art form
We need to know
how sound relates to 38……………….
what can be learnt from psychology about the effects of sound
whether physics can help us understand the 39…………….. of sound
Virtual reality programs
advantage: predict the effect of buildings
current disadvantage: they are 40……………..
Recent research
● Emilie Snell-Rood studied small urbanised mammal specimens from museums in
Minnesota.
– She found the size of their 34…………….. had increased.
– She suggests this may be due to the need to locate new sources of 35……………. and to
deal with new dangers.
● Catarina Miranda focused on the 36……………. of urban and rural blackbirds.
– She found urban birds were often braver, but were afraid of situations that
were 37……………
● Jonathan Atwell studies how animals respond to urban environments.
– He found that some animals respond to 38……………… by producing lower levels of
hormones.
● Sarah Partan’s team found urban squirrels use their 39…………….. to help them
communicate.
Long-term possibilities
Species of animals may develop which are unique to cities. However, some changes may not
be 40…………….. .
Episodic memory
the ability to recall details, e.g. the time and 31…………… of past events
different to semantic memory – the ability to remember general information about
the 32…………… , which does not involve recalling 33…………… information
Forming episodic memories involves three steps:
Encoding
involves receiving and processing information
the more 34……………. given to an event, the more successfully it can be encoded
to remember a 35……………., it is useful to have a strategy for encoding such
information
Consolidation
how memories are strengthened and stored
most effective when memories can be added to a 36……………. of related information
the 37……………. of retrieval affects the strength of memories
Retrieval
memory retrieval often depends on using a prompt, e.g. the 38……………. of an object
near to the place where you left your car
Episodic memory impairments
these affect people with a wide range of medical conditions
games which stimulate the 39…………….. have been found to help people with
schizophrenia
children with autism may have difficulty forming episodic memories – possibly because
their concept of the 40……………… may be absent
memory training may help autistic children develop social skills
Questions 6-10
Write no NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.
Transport Cash fare Card fare
Bus 6 $……………… $1.50
Train (peak) $10 $10
Train (off-peak) $10 8 $………………
- before 5p.m. or after (7 ………….. p.m.)
9 …………… ferry $4.50 $3.55
Tourist ferry (10 ……………) $35 -
Tourist ferry (whole day) $65 -
Questions 7 and 8
Choose TWO letters, A–E.
What will the woman use the internet for?
A trade & exchange
B research
C email
D social networking
E job vacancies
Questions 9 and 10
Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.
9 How much does it cost to register as an internet user?
………………………………….
10 What is the maximum amount of time allowed per single daily internet session?
………………………………….
Vehicle Details
- Vehicle for sale: 2012 Toyota sedan
- Vehicle colour: 1 ........................
- Condition of vehicle: original 2 ........................
no scratches
no dents
engine: no problems, regular servicing
- Ownership: one driver, old lady
3 ........................
- Tyres: back tyres: worn
front tyres: 4 ........................
- Extras: air conditioning
5 ........................
power steering, central locking, ABS brakes, manual transmission
tow bar – useful for Peter’s 6 ........................
- Mileage: 7 ........................ km
Meeting Arrangements
- Tina’s address: 8 352 ........................
- Time of appointment: 9 ........................ today
- Peter’s phone number: 10 045 -........................
Equipment Hire:
Day and date of event: 1 ........................ November
Number attending event: 2 ........................
Rental: 5 dozen dinner plates, bowls
5 dozen sets of 3 ............ and ............
40 plastic 4 ........................
4 dozen each small / medium glasses
six 5 ........................
Costings:
Weekend Package: 5 p.m. Fri – 10 a.m. Mon: $1600 + tax
6 ........................ Package: 5 p.m. Sat – 10 a.m. Mon: $1350 + tax
7 ........................: $50 (within 10 km)
Breakage Insurance: $60
Replacement costs: plates, bowls – $3.55 per item
small glasses – 8 ........................ per item
medium glasses – $4.40 per item
Customer Details:
Full name: 9 ........................
Address: 28B Sandstone Close, Martinsborough
Contact number: 10. 084 ........................
Questions 7–10
Complete the sales form below.
Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.
Sales Form
Plan: Social Plan
Phone Number: 7 047 - ..................
Customer Name: 8 ..................
Address: 375 Thompson 9 ..................
Total Payment: $42.50
Payment Method: 10 ..................
Questions 15-20
Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.
Question 18
Choose the correct letter, A, B or C.
The sports centre is open on public
holidays from
A. 7 a.m. to 5 p.m.
B. 5 a.m. to 7 p.m.
C. 5 a.m. to 9 p.m.
Questions 19 and 20
Choose TWO letters, A–E.
Which TWO services are covered by the membership fee?
A. Personal training
B. Swim squads
C. Childminding
D. Programme design
E. Tennis lessons
A swifts
B bats
C cockroaches
D centipedes
11. feed on the guardrail beside the path 12 are dangerous to people
13. collect in large groups
14. fly only at night
15. live on the roof of the cave
Questions 16 and 17
Answer the questions below.
Write ONE WORD ONLY for each answer.
16. What is the guano from the caves used for? ........................................
17. What are the birds’ nests from the cave used for? ........................................
Questions 18–20
Complete the sentences below.
Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.
In the cave, you should:
18. carry a ......................
19. wear a ...................... and a hat
20. keep to the ...................... at all times
Questions 14 and 15
Choose TWO letters, A—E
Which TWO of the following make the company efficient?
A achieving sales targets
B knowing the busy times and days
C throwing away burgers after 10 minutes
D hiring extra staff at key times
E teaching staff to work in one area
Questions 16–20
Complete the sentences below.
Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.
There is a 16 ...................... on the back of the paper tray covers.
Exact servings are important for stock checking, for 17 ...................... and, most importantly,
for providing correct food values.
Customers in cars account for 18 ...................... of the total sales.
Paid orders are sent to 19 ......................, for both cooks and servers.
The order is finished when the 20 ...................... arrives.
or
37 American boys drop out of school at a higher rate than girls because
A they need to be in control of the way they learn.
B they play video games instead of doing school work.
C they are not as intelligent as girls.
38 Present-orientated children
A do not realise present actions can have negative future effects.
B are unable to learn lessons from past mistakes.
C know what could happen if they do something bad, but do it anyway.
KNOWN EFFECTS
o Over previous 130 yrs: temp. by 0.6 ° C
o Since Ind. Rev.: CO2 by 30% & Methane by 33 ........................ (from mining, animals,
rice paddies)
o N2O (from 34 ........................ esp. fertiliser; waste management; car exhausts)
o Greenhouse Effect: gases form 35 ........................ heat trapped Earth warms up
FUTURE EFFECTS
1. Rise in sea levels ice melting
Sea level Number of people at risk
1998 levels 36 ........................
+50 cm 92 million
+1m 37 ........................
Questions 36–40
Complete the table below.
Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.
31 ......................
32 ......................
33 ......................
34 ......................
A Greek
B Norse
C Chinese
D Māori
E Australian